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For much of the past two decades, discussions of Latin American democracy have centred on decline — elected autocrats, weakened institutions, and a slide toward competitive authoritarianism. Building on joint work with Scott Mainwaring, Dr Bizzarro contends that the more common, and in some ways more troubling, pattern is not democratic collapse but stagnation. He argues that most of the region's democracies are neither dying nor deepening: they are stuck — hobbled by entrenched elites who block reform, governments that fail to deliver, and weak states that neither fully protect rights nor fully provide security. Dr Bizzarro examines what this stagnation costs: economically, in slower growth; politically, in eroding support for democratic institutions and the rise of anti-system outsiders; and internationally, in a region less able to anchor democratic norms abroad. This event examines why Latin American democracy's central problem may not be a single dramatic crisis, but a long, quiet plateau whose consequences deserve closer attention. Dr Bizzarro is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Boston College, and for the 2026-2027 academic year, a Visiting Professor at Yale University. A comparativist working on Latin America, his research explores the nature, causes, and consequences of democracy and political parties across the region. He completed his Ph.D. in Harvard University's Department of Government in 2023 and was previously a Postdoctoral Associate at Yale's Jackson School of International Affairs. His work has appeared in the Journal of Democracy, World Politics, and Electoral Studies, and he is co-authoring a book with Scott Mainwaring on democratic deepening in Latin America.

In recent years, there has been a growing focus by governments on the criticality of offshore data cables, and the risks which they face. From accidental damage to acts of sabotage, the risks to undersea data cables continues to capture attention. In this panel discussion, experts from industry, government, and academia share their perspectives on the risks to underwater cables, and on how to ensure that this infrastructure remains secure and reliable. Speakers include: Sandra Delaney, General Council at EXA Infrastructure Camino Kavanagh, Senior Fellow with the UN Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) and a Visiting Senior Fellow with the Dept. of War Studies, King’s College London. Margaret Stanley, Director of the Maritime Security Unit at the Department of Defence

In his remarks to the IIEA, Minister Valys presents Lithuania’s priorities for its upcoming Presidency of the Council of the EU, with a focus on the work in the Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN) and General Affairs Council (GAC) in Cohesion configuration. Taurimas Valys elaborates on Lithuania’s priorities in ECOFIN, regarding continued support for Ukraine, the Savings and Investment Union (SIU), taxation, and the 2028-2034 EU budget and own resources, as well as the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) and Cohesion Policy in GAC (Cohesion). Taurimas Valys is the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Lithuania. He has more than 20 years of management experience in finance and previously served as Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, responsible for economic diplomacy, defence industry and diaspora. He has also served as an adviser to the Prime Minister on economic diplomacy and state-owned enterprise efficiency. Taurimas Valys holds degrees in International Relations and Political Science.

Keynote Address by Jennifer Carroll MacNeill, Minister for Health followed by a fireside chat with Audrey Carville.

"Driving Innovation for Patients" This panel examines how sustained commitment to research, innovation and health system modernisation can accelerate the development and deployment of next-generation therapies across Europe. It also looks at how public policy, private investment and multi-stakeholder collaboration can improve patient outcomes while supporting a thriving life sciences ecosystem. Panellists include: Rainer Becker, Director of Medical Products & Innovation, DG SANTE, European Commission Vytenis Andriukaitis MEP, Biotech Act Rapporteur for SANT Committee, European Parliament, and former European Commissioner for Health & Food Safety Claire Skentelbery, Director General, EuropaBio Avril Daly, President of EURORDIS - Rare Diseases Europe Muiris O’Connor, Assistant Secretary at Department of Health, Head of Research & Development and Health Analytics.

"Sharpening Europe’s Competitive Edge" This panel explores the policies and conditions needed to strengthen Europe’s position as a global leader in life sciences research, development and advanced manufacturing. In particular, the discussion focuses on how initiatives such as the forthcoming EU Biotech Act and related policy developments can support innovation, attract investment, build skills and enhance Europe’s competitiveness. Panellists include: Thomas Van Cangh, Deputy Head of Unit & Head of Biotech Task Force, DG SANTE, European Commission Rachel Shelly, Global Head of Life Sciences & Food, IDA Ireland Anouk De Vroey, Head of Government Affairs & Policy at Johnson & Johnson EMEA Prof. Mark Ferguson, Former Chairman of the European Innovation Council (EIC) Board

Why do some new democracies develop peacefully while others descend into criminal wars? Accountability Shock (coauthored by Guillermo Trejo, Lucia Tiscornia and Juan Albarracin, Cambridge University Press 2026) argues that the answer lies in how newly elected governments confront — or ignore — their authoritarian past. When post-authoritarian elites pursue truth commissions and criminal prosecutions for past atrocities, they break the cycle of state impunity that enables criminal violence to take hold. Where they extend amnesty and silence instead, criminal wars follow. The book's findings challenge a long-standing policy assumption: accountability is not a threat to fragile democracies — impunity is.In this discussion with the IIEA, Lucia Tiscornia and Roger Mac Ginty will discuss the role of accountability in conflict prevention, and how post-authoritarian states can strengthen democratic institutions, address legacies of violence and build the foundations for sustainable peace and security. Lucía Tiscornia is Associate Professor in the School of Politics and International Relations at University College Dublin and Faculty Fellow at the Geary Institute for Public Policy. She works at the intersection of political science, criminology, and international relations, with research expertise in criminal governance, state violence, and security sector reform. Her most recent project, funded through a European Research Council Starting Grant, focuses on understanding criminal governance in contexts where one would not expect to find it. Roger Mac Ginty is Professor in Defence, Development and Diplomacy in the School of Government and International Affairs at Durham University. He works on peace and conflict, with a particular focus on the intersection between top-down and bottom-up approaches to peacemaking and on everyday peace. He co-directs the Everyday Peace Indicators project and co-edits the journal Peacebuilding. His research has been funded by the EU, the ESRC, and the Carnegie Corporation of New York.

Often compared to modern slavery, trafficking in human beings destroys individuals’ lives by depriving people of their dignity, their freedom, and their rights. Yet trafficking in human beings remains a largely hidden crime. In the EU, more than 20,000 victims were registered in 2023–2024, while many more remain invisible. Trafficking is a serious threat to security, closely linked to organised crime and generating enormous profits, with low risks for criminals. It affects women, men, and children in a wide range of sectors and takes different forms; including sexual and labour exploitation, forced criminality, and forced begging. It requires a comprehensive approach from prevention to prosecution of traffickers, while protecting the victims and working closely with partners from the private sector and non-EU countries. Against this backdrop, the IIEA host a keynote address by the EU Anti-Trafficking Coordinator, Diane Schmitt, offering insights into the latest trends, challenges, and action needed, as well as an opportunity to exchange views on this pressing issue. Moreover, this discussion fits into in the Irish Presidency’s priorities to deliver on European competitiveness, values, and security, in addition to occurring at a particularly timely moment, as the EU will have a renewed EU Strategy on Combatting Trafficking in Human Beings before end of 2026. Combatting trafficking in human beings requires a comprehensive approach to prevent the crime, protect the victims and bring perpetrators to justice. Diane Schmitt was appointed EU Anti-Trafficking Coordinator in July 2021 to contribute to this approach, improve coordination and coherence among EU institutions, EU agencies and Member States, cooperate with international actors and support the implementation and development of EU policies in this area. This appointment follows a long career in the European Commission, where Diane Schmitt held different strategic positions, including in the area of migration, security, and justice.

Benjamin Haddad is a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po) and HEC School of Management. He was first National Secretary of the UMP party from 2011 to 2014. In 2017, he represented the La République en Marche party in Washington, DC. He was elected to the National Assembly in June 2022 (14th constituency of Paris) and became a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee and the European Affairs Committee, as well as coordinator of the Renaissance group’s spokespeople.

Baiba Braže currently serves as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia. From 2020 to 2023, Minister Braže held the post of Assistant Secretary General of NATO for Public Diplomacy. Within her remit, she devised and oversaw strategic communications activities across all NATO civilian and military bodies and commands. From 2016 to 2020, she was posted as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Latvia to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. From 2003 to 2008, Minister Braže served as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Latvia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands while also representing Latvia in the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

Radmila Shekerinska took office as NATO Deputy Secretary General on 2 December 2024. As a former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence of North Macedonia, Ms Shekerinska has extensive experience as a policy-maker and consensus-builder. She is a champion of gender balance and a steadfast advocate of strong transatlantic relations. Ms Shekerinska joined NATO following a distinguished political career. She served two terms as Minister of Defence of North Macedonia (2017-2020, 2020-2022), the first woman in that post and the longest-serving defence minister since the country’s independence in 1991.

'America’s World: Views of a Former National Security Advisor' In this edition of IIEA Insights, the successor to Henry Kissinger, Condoleezza Rice and others, 27th U.S. National Security Advisor, Robert C. O’Brien, will discuss the past, present, and future of America’s global role Robert C. O’Brien is the co-founder and chairman of American Global Strategies LLC among many other roles. He was the 27th United States National Security Advisor from 2019-2021, acting at President Donald Trump’s principal advisor on all aspects of American foreign policy and national security affairs. He currently serves on the President’s Intelligence Advisory Board (PIAB) in President Donald Trump’s second term.

This symposium includes a keynote address by, and fireside chat with, Feargal Ó Coigligh, Secretary General of the Department of Culture, Communications and Sport. This symposium also includes the launch and presentation of a new paper on the same topic entitled Secure Connections: Ireland’s Digital Infrastructure and the Security of European Connectivity by its authors Cian FitzGerald, Senior Researcher at the IIEA; and Barry Colfer PhD, Director of Research at the IIEA. Following the presentation, the symposium includes a discussion amongst a panel of experts. Panellists include: Garrett Blaney, Chairperson of Commission for Communications Regulation (ComReg); Rebecca Nottingham, Director of Bright Subsea Consulting and Trustee at the SubOptic Foundation; Ben Wreschner, Head of Network and Economic Regulation at Vodafone.

'Mid-Year Economic Outlook' In this edition of IIEA insights, Dan O’Brien will be joined by economist and public servant Robert Watt to discuss the economic outlook for the second half of 2026 and beyond. They will discuss global inflationary pressures in the light of recent energy price volatility, economic headwinds and tailwinds, economic aspects of AI, and geopolitical risks. On the Irish economy, they will examine strengths, weaknesses, and the state of public finances. Robert Watt is the CEO Dublin Regeneration Authority. He previously served as Secretary General of the Department of Health and as Secretary General in the Department of Public Expenditure and Reform, during which time he was one of the principal advisers to the Government on economic, budgetary and financial policy issues. He has a professional background as an economist and has worked in the private, as well as the public sector

Europe's agricultural transition is stalling. While the destination is clear, many farmers feel excluded from decision-making, uncertain about the expectations placed upon them in the context of Europe's transition to net zero, and disproportionately burdened by the cost of change. Yet, this new research from Project Tempo, which will be launched at this IIEA event, tells a more hopeful story and points to a constructive path forward. Drawing on extensive work across France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Poland, it finds strong latent support among farmers for reform, provided it is fair and clearly defined. This event will present these findings and explore how policymakers, stakeholders, and farmers can work together to deliver a more inclusive and effective transition.   This research will be presented by Dagmar Droogsma, who leads Project Tempo's first thematic workstream on the transition to sustainable agriculture. She brings over 30 years' experience across government, industry, and civil society, more than two decades of which have been spent at the intersection of climate, environmental, and agricultural policy in the UK, across the EU, and at the UN. The event will be moderated by Tom Arnold, Chair of the Ireland Africa Rural Development Committee.   The presentation will be followed by an expert panel discussion featuring: Dr Pippa Hackett, former Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine; organic farmer and Manager, Project BASELINE Ian Marshall OBE, former Senator, Seanad Éireann; Head of Business Development and Policy, CASE, Queen's University Belfast Dr Jeanne Moore, Policy Analyst, National Economic and Social Council (NESC)