Advertise on podcast: Naturalistic Decision Making

Gary Klein joins us to unpack the causal landscape of the 2025 World Series, exploring how decisions, context, and key moments shaped the final outcome. Gary Klein, Ph.D., authored Sources of Power: How People Make Decisions, and five other books plus three co-edited volumes. He is known for the cognitive models he described, such as the Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) model, the Data/Frame model of sensemaking, the Management By Discovery model of planning in complex settings, and the Triple Path Model of Insight. He developed methods including the Pre-Mortem method of risk assessment, techniques for Cognitive Task Analysis, the ShadowBox training approach, and also helped Judith Orasau pioneer the Naturalistic Decision Making movement in 1989. Dr. Klein has decades of work experience in dozens of work domains, including military, healthcare, and emergency response. The company he started in 1978, Klein Associates, grew to 37 employees by the time he sold it in 2005. He kicked off his new company, ShadowBox LLC, in 2014. His hobbies include spending time with his grandchildren, watching movies, and beating John Schmitt at the Asian game of Go. You can find all of Gary’s books, publications, and more at www.gary-klein.com ________________________ Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Dick co-founded Stottler Henke in 1988 as a software company dedicated to providing practical solutions to difficult problems by skillfully drawing upon a large repertoire of artificial intelligence technologies. Under Dick’s leadership, Stottler Henke has grown steadily and profitably into a 60-person research and software development company with distinctive expertise in automated planning and scheduling, intelligent tutoring systems, intelligent simulation, sensor data fusion, and autonomous systems. Dick combines a strong applied research record in artificial intelligence with practical experience in rapid and efficient knowledge engineering. He has led the development of intelligent tutoring systems that encode the expertise of instructors to provide practice-based learning and automated evaluation of student performance. Subject areas include navy tactics; army tactics, command, and control; sonar data analysis; astronaut training; helicopter cockpit operations; and battlefield emergency medicine. He led the development of intelligent planning systems for NASA space shuttle missions, satellite communications and sensor  scheduling, and aircraft assembly. He also led the development of intelligent systems that autonomously control groups of drones to automatically plan and execute tasks to achieve mission objectives and react to unpredictable events. Dick has written or presented more than 80 papers and articles for publications such as the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI). He received his BS in engineering from Cornell University and his MS in computer science (artificial intelligence) from Stanford University. Learn more about Dick:  ⁠⁠Dick's website⁠⁠ AMER project TRACER project Space Shuttle Scheduling ESTEEM Current project Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠⁠Brian’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠⁠ Laura Militello ⁠⁠Laura’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠⁠

Learn more about the guests:  ⁠Mohammadreza ⁠Jordan Nishtha ⁠Kari   Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠⁠Brian’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠⁠ Laura Militello ⁠⁠Laura’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠⁠

Tandi Bagian earned a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering from the University of Washington in 1979. She was employed by NASA’s Johnson Space Center and served as Lead Instructor for Astronaut Crew Training; Flight Projects Manager for the Space Biomedical Research Institute; and Head of the Crew Interface Analysis Section. This last position involved supervising six Human Factors Laboratories to support NASA’s Space Shuttle and Space Station missions. She also was a Principal Science Coordinator for Exploration Human Factors, and in that capacity informed the Agency’s Advanced Human Support Technology roadmap in preparation for Mars Exploration mission definition. In 1995, Tandi transferred from NASA to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and worked at the EPA’s National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor. Along the way, she earned a Master of Science in Industrial and Operations Engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 1999. In 2012, Tandi joined the Department of Veteran Affairs as Director, Human Factors Division for the VA National Center for Patient Safety. That team created an award-winning Patient Safety Boot Camp’ training for Biomedical Engineers across the entire VHA. With a vision to make sure patient safety is everyone’s business’, NCPS created strong technical partners across the over 170 VA Medical Centers, as well as with industry partners, to assist Healthcare professionals in providing ‘safer systems, safer care'. With 46 years of Federal Service, Ms. Bagian retired in 2022 and quickly became Associated with the NASA Engineering and Safety Center’s Human Factors Technical Discipline Team.  And this is where we met. This HF team is responsible for responding to requests for analysis and review of human factors issues across the NASA Centers and Commercial/International Partners committed to NASA’s Moon2Mars mission. Learn more about Tandi: NESC Academy Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠⁠Brian’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠⁠ Laura Militello ⁠⁠Laura’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠⁠

Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠⁠Brian’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠⁠ Laura Militello ⁠⁠Laura’s website⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠⁠

Vaughn TAN is a consultant, author, toolmaker, and professor of strategy at University College London. For over a decade, Vaughn has helped businesses, not-for-profits, and government agencies — like the Singapore Government, Wellcome, and Carlyle Group — design themselves to flourish in uncertainty. He wrote The Uncertainty Mindset (a book about uncertainty and innovation organizations) and makes idk (a training tool for productive discomfort). He is currently working on building better strategies for different kinds of not-knowing. Vaughn has a PhD in Organizational Behavior and Sociology from Harvard University and Harvard Business School. He previously worked at Google in California on special projects (including spaceflight and big structured data) and consumer products (including Earth, Maps, and Streetview). Learn more about Vaughn: Vaughn's website ⁠Connect on LinkedIn⁠ ⁠See more of his work⁠ Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠Brian’s website⁠ ⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠ ⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠ Laura Militello ⁠Laura’s website⁠ ⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠ ⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠

Show notes Peter A. Hancock, D.Sc., Ph.D. is Provost Distinguished Research Professor in the Department of Psychology and the Institute for Simulation and Training, as well as at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems at the University of Central Florida (UCF). In 2009, he was named Pegasus Professor of the University of Central Florida. This is the highest award of the University that is now the second largest single university in the United States. Professor Hancock is only the 16th individual ever to be so-named in the history of the Institution. Prior to his current position he founded and was the Director of the Human Factors Research Laboratory (HFRL) at the University of Minnesota where he held appointments as Professor in the Departments of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Psychology, and Kinesiology as well as at the Cognitive Science Center and the Center on Aging Research. He continues to hold an appointment as a Clinical Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychology at Minnesota. He is also an affiliated Scientist of the Humans and Automation Laboratory at MIT, a Research Associate of the University of Michigan Transport Research Institute, and a Senior Research Associate at the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition in Pensacola, Florida. He is the author of over seven hundred refereed scientific articles and publications as well as writing and editing over twenty books. His latest books are: Hoax Springs Eternal: The Psychology of Cognitive Deception and Transports of Delight. Learn more about Peter: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon ⁠Brian’s website⁠ ⁠Brian’s LinkedIn⁠ ⁠Brian’s Twitter⁠ Laura Militello ⁠Laura’s website⁠ ⁠Laura’s LinkedIn⁠ ⁠Laura’s Twitter⁠

Show Notes Ron Besuijen is a Training Specialist with Nova Chemicals in Joffre, Alberta. He has worked for 35 years in the petrochemical industry. He is qualified on four control panels, and was involved with the commissioning and startup of a new facility. In addition to his operational experience, Ron has been a training specialist for the last 18 years. He trains console operators with the use of a training simulator, and manages the training systems for his organization. He is a member of The Center for Operator Performance, a coalition of industry, vendors, and researchers that apply human factors methods to support human performance in petrochemical operations. He recently authored the book, Troubleshooting Tactics: How Process Operators Make Critical Decisions, applying Naturalistic Decision Making models to the complex world of petrochemical operations. Learn more about Ron: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

We are honored to be joined today by Gerd Gigerenzer. Dr. Gigerenzer is Director of the Harding Center for Risk Literacy at the University of Potsdam, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg and partner of Simply Rational – The Institute for Decisions. He is former Director of the Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition (ABC) at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and at the Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research in Munich, Professor of Psychology at the University of Chicago and John M. Olin Distinguished Visiting Professor, School of Law at the University of Virginia. In addition, he is Member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences, the German Academy of Sciences and Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. He was awarded honorary doctorates from the University of Basel and the Open University of the Netherlands, and is Batten Fellow at the Darden Business School, University of Virginia. Awards for his work include the AAAS Prize for the best article in the behavioral sciences, the Association of American Publishers Prize for the best book in the social and behavioral sciences, the German Psychology Award, and the Communicator Award of the German Research Foundation. His award-winning popular books Calculated Risks, Gut Feelings: The Intelligence of the Unconscious, and Risk Savvy: How to Make Good Decisions have been translated into 21 languages. His academic books include Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart, Rationality for Mortals, Simply Rational, and Bounded Rationality (with Reinhard Selten, Nobel Laureate in economics). His most recent book, The Intelligence of Intuition, is set to be published the week we are recording this podcast! Learn more about Gerd: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Dr. Joan H. Johnston (Retired) has over 30 years of experience as a Senior Research Scientist with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army. She has written and collaborated on over 100 publications and has given innumerable presentations and tutorials about her research which has had a significant impact on advancing the science of Learning, Team Training, Decision Making under Stress, Performance Measurement, and Organizational Development. She obtained her M.A. and Ph.D. in Industrial & Organizational Psychology from the University of South Florida. Dr. Johnston’s career with the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) was marked by extensive collaborations across the Department of Defense, academia, and private industry. She was a principal Investigator and project manager for the Office of Naval Research (ONR) sponsored Tactical Decision Making Under Stress (TADMUS) program; ONR recognized her outstanding performance with the Dr. Arthur E. Bisson Prize for Naval Technology Achievement. In 2001 the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology also recognized this achievement with the M. Scott Myers Award for Applied Research in the Workplace. In recognition of her sustained performance excellence NAVAIR made Dr. Johnston a Research and Engineering Associate Fellow in 2008. After 22 years Dr. Johnston moved on to a promotionas the U.S. Army Research Institute’s Unit Chief in Orlando, and then eventually joined the U.S. Army Research Laboratory as a Senior Scientist at the Simulation Training and TechnologyCenter (STTC). She continued to work across agencies and services in pursuit of advancing the science of team training. She and her colleagues were recognized in 2016 for their outstanding accomplishments with the Department of the Army Achievement Medal for Civilian Service and the NTSA Modeling and Simulation Team Award. Dr. Johnston’s leadership on this program Learn more about Joan: Connect on LinkedIn See more of her work Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Christian is interested in human worlds, human perception and the skill of observation, which is reflected in the diversity of his professional experience. He has been a full time Professor of Applied Humanities at The New School for Social Research; a Senior Fellow at The Health and Global Policy Institute (HGPI) in Tokyo, Japan and a Distinguished Visitor at The Buffett Center for International Affairs at Northwestern University in Chicago.He co-founded ReD Associates, a pioneering consultancy with offices in Copenhagen, Paris, London and New York City, and a health data start-up Lateral Data based in Dallas TX. His board appointments include Chairman of the top-tier architectural firm Bjarke Ingels Group: BIG; Independent director of the luxury furniture manufacturer Fritz Hansen; Independent director and Nomination/Governance Committee chairman at the battery metals company The Metals Company; Member of the high-end home textiles manufacturer Kvadrat; and Board member at Red Associates Holding. His work has been featured in publications such as The Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Financial Times, The Washington Post, Der Spiegel, and Bloomberg Business week. And he is the author of three books: The Moment of Clarity - Using the Human Sciences to Solve Your Toughest Business Problems Sensemaking - The Power of The Humanities in the Age of the Algorithm And just released:Look - How to pay attention in a world of distraction. Learn more about Christian: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Kevin Oden is an LM Fellow at Lockheed where has work for 14 years. Currently, he leads research initiatives focused on Human-Autonomy Collaboration. In this role, he supports cross corporation efforts and has responsibilities for engagements with universities, DOD service labs, and small business partners. He was earned his Ph.D. in Applied Experimental and Human Factors Psychology at the University of Central Florida. He was a Graduate Research Fellow at the Consortium of Universities in Washington D.C. Learn more about Kevin: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Today we welcome David Feldon, Professor of Instructional Technology & Learning Sciences, College of Education and Human Services, Utah State University. Dr. Feldon’s research examines two lines of inquiry that are distinct but mutually supportive. The first characterizes the cognitive components of expertise as they contribute to effective and innovative problem solving, as well as how they affect the quality of instruction that experts can provide. The second examines the development of research skills within STEM disciplines as a function of instruction and other educational support mechanisms. He also conducts some research into technology-facilitated instructional approaches and research methods for examining them. David’s work currently focuses on: Cognitive load and motivation with brain imaging and eye tracking Longitudinal study of PhD students in the biological sciences Simulation based assessments of open-ended problem solving. Learn more about David: Connect on LinkedIn See more of his work Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Today we welcome Thomas Lahnthaler. Thomas is an experienced crisis manager, facilitator, and author. For the past two decades, he has worked in over 30 countries, started two companies, and published his first book last summer, called Navigating Beyond Crisis. Thomas currently manages the leadership development of a global holding company. He advises companies globally on leadership and learning and has turned his passion for human dynamics into his profession, specializing in designing and facilitating experiential learning arenas. He constantly strives to get new perspectives, and his approach is heavily influenced by his work and time spent with indigenous peoples. He currently resides in Norway, where he gets inspired by his two most excellent teachers, as he calls them, his children. Learn more about Thomas: Connect on LinkedIn Learn about Navigating Beyond Crisis Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter

Nancy Cooke is a professor in Human Systems Engineering at the Polytechnic School, one of the Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering at Arizona State University.  She also directs Global Security Initiative’s Center for Human, AI, and Robot Teaming.  Professor Cooke’s research interests include the study of individual and team cognition. Applied research topics include: · the development of cognitive and knowledge engineering methodologies, · sensor operator threat detection, · cyber and intelligence analysis, · remotely-piloted aircraft systems, · human-robot teaming, · healthcare systems, and · emergency response systems. She specializes in the development, application, and evaluation of methodologies to elicit and assess individual and team cognition. Dr. Cooke is a Past President of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society and the past chair of the Board on Human Systems Integration at the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine. She also recently chaired a study panel for the National Academies on the Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science.  Dr. Cooke was a member of the US Air Force Scientific Advisory board from 2008-2012, and in 2014, she received the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society’s Arnold M. Small President’s Distinguished Service Award. Learn more about her work at the links below: ASU Human Systems Engineering Program  ASU Global Security Initiative CHART Program  CHART-ing the Future of Space Exploration  Learn more about NDM at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Where to find the hosts: Brian Moon Brian’s website Brian’s LinkedIn Brian’s Twitter Laura Militello Laura’s website Laura’s LinkedIn Laura’s Twitter