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What Does "Halloween" Mean? And Why Should That Matter to Christians? The celebration marks the day before the Western Christian feast of All Saints’ (or All Hallows') Day and initiates the season of Allhallowtide, which lasts three days and concludes with All Souls' Day. E45. Everything Everywhere Daily podcast available at https://amzn.to/3XHj20A History of Halloween books at https://amzn.to/48sOODT Halloween items available at https://amzn.to/48mYfF3  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/9jvMhGUn72s which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet   Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels   Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Everything Everywhere Daily podcast with Gary Arndt: A History of Halloween (31oct2020; Glassbox Media). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

October 31 commemorates the start of the Protestant Reformation and is a Protestant Christian holiday celebrated annually. Ee116. Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/zUs_wwYRDGw which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History of the Papacy podcast available at https://amzn.to/42LHWxP   Martin Luther books available at https://amzn.to/45n2zlx Protestant Reformation books available at https://amzn.to/3MmaQgT ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  LibriVox Historical Tales by C. Morris, read by Kalynda.      See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Christian beliefs overlap of with pagan and folk beliefs to create ancient Halloween traditions that go back, far back in Western occidental history to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain. The North American celebration of Halloween marks the day before the Western Christian feast of All Saints’ (or All Hallows') Day and initiates the season of Allhallowtide, which lasts three days and concludes with All Souls' Day. HJe392. HNAe453. Dan Snow’s History Hit podcast at https://amzn.to/40Rvtc6  History of Halloween books at https://amzn.to/48sOODT Halloween items available at https://amzn.to/48mYfF3  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/9HIoiIDDZVo which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM   Audio credits: Dan Snow’s History Hit: The Origins of Halloween (Episode 1530, 22oct2024). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ancient Halloween roots and traditions go back, far back to Western occidental history’s folk, pagan, and Christian beliefs. Pumpkins, trick or treating and ghost stories are what we associate with Halloween, but what about turnips, fairies and a fortune-telling cake? We go in search of the origins of Halloween, rooted on the island of Ireland in the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, when the harvest ends and winter looms. HJe391. HNAe452.  Dan Snow’s History Hit podcast at https://amzn.to/40Rvtc6  History of Halloween books at https://amzn.to/48sOODT Halloween items available at https://amzn.to/48mYfF3  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/Ro1Rf19FQyM which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet   Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels   Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Dan Snow’s History Hit: The Origins of Halloween (Episode 1530, 22oct2024). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The origins of Halloween are rooted on the island of Ireland in the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, when the harvest ends and winter looms with the overlap of Christian belief and folk or pagan beliefs. HJe390. HNAe451.  Dan Snow’s History Hit podcast at https://amzn.to/40Rvtc6  History of Halloween books at https://amzn.to/48sOODT Halloween items available at https://amzn.to/48mYfF3  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/XkCvEJ4_qH0 which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Dan Snow’s History Hit: The Origins of Halloween (Episode 1530, 22oct2024). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Salem Witch Trails were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693. More than 200 people were accused amidst mass panic, inexplicable mania, and collective hysteria. Thirty people were found guilty, nineteen of whom were executed by hanging (14 women and 5 men). E249.  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/i5GkNsqHsio which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

October 28 is the annual feast day of Saint Jude. Who was the Apostle, Jude? Why was he also referred to as Thaddaeus? Also named SAINT Jude by several Christian denominations, Jude Thaddeus was one of the original Twelve Disciples of Jesus according to the four Gospels of the New Testament. Let’s investigate and find out more. Ee156. Dwell On These Things podcast https://amzn.to/4hXMR6W Catholic Answers Live podcast available at https://amzn.to/47IB5Yk  ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Saint of the Day: 19jun2024 Holy Apostle Jude, the Brother of the Lord (Jerome Atherholt & Ancient Faith Ministries); Saint of the Day podcast with Mike Roberts, Saints Simon And Jude (28oct2023, Covenant Network); Catholics Answers Encyclopedia - Why do Matthew and Mark List Thaddeus in the Names of Apostles, but Luke Mentions Another Judas? by A. Camerlynck & Epistle of Saint Jude, Letter attributed to the brother of James by A. Camerlynck, Hosts-Good Catholic); The Saint of the Day: 28oct2024 Sts. Simon and Jude  Audio excerpts reproduced under a Creative Commons license and the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

October 28 is the annual feast day of Saint Simon. Who was Simon the Apostle? Why was he referred to as the Zealot? Also named SAINT Simon by several Christian denominations, Simon the Zealot was one of the original Twelve Disciples of Jesus according to the four Gospels of the New Testament. Let’s investigate and find out more. Ee154.  Catholic Answers Live podcast available at https://amzn.to/47IB5Yk Dwell On These Things podcast https://amzn.to/4hXMR6W ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Saint of the Day podcast, Simon the Zealot 10may2024 (Jerome Atherholt & Ancient Faith Ministries); Saint of the Day podcast with Mike Roberts, Saints Simon And Jude (28oct2023, Covenant Network); Catholics Answers Encyclopedia - Simon, Apostle, Saint by Klemens Loofler; The Saint of the Day podcast, Sts. Simon and Jude (28oct2024, Hosts-Good Catholic); Dwell On These Things podcast with pastor & author John Stange (episode: Who were the apostles of Jesus? 20nov2023) Life Audio, Salem Media. Audio excerpts reproduced under a Creative Commons license and the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In 1692, the Massachusetts Salem Witch Trails took place amidst mass hysteria. What really happened? E248.  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/yG6IE-KXnW8 which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Did Witches really exist? Why were Witches harassed and oppressed? Were Witches men or women? Let’s look back at the European history behind witch hunts, persecutions, hangings, and burnings. E247.  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/KzmD1bJLVjE which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The connection between Christianity and witches is primarily one of conflict, as mainstream Christian theology considers witchcraft an abomination based on biblical prohibitions against sorcery and divination. However, the relationship is also complex, with some individuals identifying as "Christian witches" who believe witchcraft and Christian faith can be compatible, while others see witchcraft as a practice separate from religion. Historically, there are instances of both persecution and folk magic that incorporated Christian elements. E246.  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/OtfBde3Bybo which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

From a traditional Christian perspective, witchcraft is seen as a practice that falls under the influence of demonic forces rather than God. E245.  Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/spjNZXgaQUA which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams. History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We continue the Gospel of Mark's fast-moving account of the fascinating life of Jesus of Nazareth. Gospel of Mark available at https://amzn.to/3X3m9Ba Historical Jesus books available at https://amzn.to/43rnYbq                                    ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark's video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet                      Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels   Mark's Books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Bible Audio narration: Book of Mark-Chapter 3 (WordProject, International Biblical Association). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Book of ACTS continues the story of Christianity and is the fifth book of the New Testament. It recounts the founding of the Christian Church and the spread of its message across the Roman Empire. Breathe Bible Audio CD available at https://amzn.to/3CPRa4x The Acts of the Apostles book available at https://amzn.to/3M6sTId Historical Jesus books available at https://amzn.to/43rnYbq                                    ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark's video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet                      Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels   Mark's Books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Breathe Bible podcast (LifeAudio Podcast Network, Salem Web Network). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On 24 October 1964, Pope Paul VI officially consecrated the newly rebuilt basilica of the Abbey of Monte Cassino after it was destroyed during World War II. He consecrated the restored abbey church and declared St. Benedict the patron saint of Europe. Following its destruction by Allied bombing on 15 February 1944, massive reconstruction of the Benedictine monastery began under Abbot Ildefonso Rea, aiming to recreate the historic structure designed by Cosimo Fanzago. October 24 is also recognized in the liturgical calendar as the feast day of Saint Marcius of Monte Cassino. Books about Benedict available at https://amzn.to/4vuEYvR   Books about Scholastica available at https://amzn.to/4vuEYvR   Books about Benedict Biscop at https://amzn.to/3TaLMR6 Books about Monte Cassino at https://amzn.to/4eWv5BB ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet  SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).  Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet  Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels  Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM  Audio credits: Saint of the Day podcast—St Benedict of Nursia, abbot (14mar2024) & Venerable Benedict Biscop, Abbot of Wearmouth (12jan2026) Greek Orthodox Deacon Jerome Atherholt and Ancient Faith Radio; The Saint of the Day podcast (St. Benedict, 11july2024 & St. Scholastica 10feb2024) Good Catholic and The Catholic Company; Saint Of The Day podcast with Mike Roberts by Covenant Network (ourcatholicradio.org) Memorial Of Saint Benedict (July 11, 2025) and Saint Scholastica (February 10, 2025). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.