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Outcrop Silver (TSX: OCG; OTCQX: OCGSF; FSE: MRG) CEO Ian Harris joins Kitco Mining’s Investment Trends with Paul Harris to discuss how silver’s late January surge is reshaping the outlook for primary silver explorers, even as equity valuations lag the metal. Harris says Outcrop’s asset base has not changed, but its ability to execute has, noting, “I have two years of runway,” something he says he has not had in more than 12 years following recent institutional investment. Harris outlines an accelerated strategy at the Santa Ana project in Tolima, Colombia, where Outcrop has four drills running and is preparing an updated mineral resource. The company’s last published resource stood at roughly 37 Moz of silver, with the current drill program aimed at a material increase in scale. He adds, “The project has never had a PEA,” confirming the next phase is expected to include Santa Ana’s first economic study as Outcrop shifts toward development. Harris also stresses the importance of scale in a tightening silver M&A landscape, saying, “Scale still matters, right?”, while pointing to Colombia’s May election and a new president in August as market perception catalysts as updated guidance works its way into valuations. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:12 – Outcrop Silver Market Position and Primary Silver Exposure 00:48 – Impact of Rising Silver Prices on Explorers and Developers 01:15 – Financial Stability, Institutional Support, and Execution Plans 03:01 – Santa Ana Project Update and Resource Growth Strategy 06:48 – Valuation Gap and Silver Equity Market Perception 11:03 – Silver M&A, Amalgamation Trends, and Scale Requirements 15:34 – Colombia Elections and Jurisdictional Market Impact 17:32 – Key Catalysts, PEA Path, and 2026 Outlook __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Don Durrett, author and founder of GoldStockData, says the current metals bull market should be viewed as a full-cycle opportunity rather than a short-term trade. Speaking with Kitco Mining at the 2026 Vancouver Resource Investment Conference, Durrett explained that the core driver behind gold and silver is the growing fragility of the US bond market, which he views as the ultimate catalyst for higher precious metals prices. “It’s a cash business, so I focus on free cash flow,” he said. Durrett said mining stocks remain early in the cycle based on valuation, arguing that free cash flow multiples matter more than quarterly earnings. He described the market as a one-time trade focused on the outcome, or what he calls “the prize,” rather than near-term volatility. His framework includes a normalization phase, followed by higher valuations and an eventual mania phase before profits are taken. He also discussed portfolio construction, favoring producers and higher-quality development companies, his approach to managing volatility, and why he prefers owning acquirers rather than takeover targets as M&A activity builds across the sector. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. Special thanks to our sponsor, Discovery Silver. Visit https://discoverysilver.com/ to learn more about the company, its latest news, and investor materials. 00:18 — Don Durrett’s Background and GoldStockData Framework 01:19 — Why Bond Market Fragility Drives Gold and Silver 04:02 — “Investing for the Prize” and the One-Time Trade Thesis 06:28 — Free Cash Flow Multiples and Why Mining Stocks Still Lag 11:55 — M&A Strategy and Why Durrett Prefers the Buyer 19:02 — 2026 Outlook and Where the Metals Cycle Stands __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Incrementum AG managing partner Ronald-Peter Stöferle says the surge in precious metals reflects a structural bull market rather than speculative excess. Speaking with Kitco Mining at the VRIC 2026, Stöferle said, “we’re in a bull market, we’re not in a bubble yet,” arguing gold’s strength is driven by a monetary revaluation tied to rising debt levels, persistent inflation, and financial repression. While corrections are inevitable, he said gold remains inexpensive when measured against global debt. Stöferle pointed to central banks as a key pillar of demand, noting they have been buying “roughly a thousand tons of gold every year” since 2022. He added that Western financial investors only began reallocating to gold in 2024, suggesting broader participation may still lie ahead as confidence in traditional fixed income weakens. Turning to mining equities, Stöferle said large-cap producers are entering a healthier phase marked by stronger cash flow and balance sheets, but stressed the cycle is not complete. “Junior mining stocks will really start outperforming the large caps,” he said, adding that this phase is only beginning to emerge. Incrementum is actively managing exposure while remaining positioned for further upside. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. Special thanks to our sponsor, Discovery Silver. Visit https://discoverysilver.com/ to learn more about the company, its latest news, and investor materials. 00:29 – Gold and Silver Surge Signals a Structural Bull Market 00:57 – Why This Is Momentum, Not a Bubble 02:28 – Debt, Inflation, and the Monetary Case for Gold 05:14 – Portfolio Strategy as Fixed Income Loses Appeal 13:16 – Mining Stocks, Cash Flow, and the Junior Catch-Up 23:22 – What Comes Next for Gold and the In Gold We Trust Report __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: Videos are not trading advice, and the views expressed may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Michael Gentile, founder of Bastion Asset Management and a strategic investor in junior mining, says the current surge in gold reflects a structural shift driven by both central banks and financial investors. Speaking with Kitco Mining at the VRIC 2026, Gentile said, “it’s the first time we’ve seen both central banks and financial players buying at the same time,” arguing this dual demand dynamic is driving a long-overdue repricing in precious metals. Gentile said earlier gains in gold were driven largely by central bank buying, while traditional financial investors were mostly absent. He said that has now changed, with financial participation accelerating as confidence in higher price levels grows, reinforcing the structural nature of the move rather than signaling speculative excess. Turning to equities, Gentile said junior mining stocks remain deeply undervalued relative to metals prices, citing the persistent lag between physical markets and equity valuations. He said stronger margins, open capital markets, and improving balance sheets could drive reratings across the sector, while greater price stability may unlock increased cash-backed M&A activity. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. Special thanks to our sponsor, Discovery Silver. Visit https://discoverysilver.com/ to learn more about the company, its latest news, and investor materials. __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Peter Krauth, author of The Great Silver Bull and editor of Silver Stock Investor, says the silver market has entered a structurally different phase driven by persistent supply deficits and rising industrial demand. Speaking with Kitco Mining at the 2026 Vancouver Resource Investment Conference, Krauth said, “The fundamentals of the market have just changed completely.” Krauth pointed to consecutive years of supply deficits, flat mine production, and continued inventory drawdowns as key constraints on the market. “The demand is high. Supply is flat. There’s essentially no prospect for more silver to start to come to market,” he said. He also highlighted the strategic role of China in the supply chain, noting, “China controls 60 to 70% of global silver refining.” While acknowledging silver’s volatility and the potential for corrections, Krauth said the larger opportunity increasingly lies in mining equities, where valuations and analyst models have yet to fully adjust. He also outlined why consolidation is likely to continue, with producers moving down the food chain toward developers and select juniors as the cycle matures. Watch Peter and Paul's conversation from VRIC 2024 here: https://youtu.be/jFN4lZmmrm4 Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. Special thanks to our sponsor, Discovery Silver. Visit https://discoverysilver.com/ to learn more about the company, its latest news, and investor materials. 00:26 - How Silver Entered a New Market Phase 01:01 - Supply Deficits, Flat Mine Output, and Inventory Drawdowns 02:11 - Global Silver Demand and China’s Role in the Supply Chain 06:30 - Volatility, Corrections, and How Investors Should Position 14:18 - M&A Trends and Why Silver Producers Are Moving Down the Food Chain 21:39 - Risks, Industrial Headwinds, and the Silver Investment Case 24:51 - Silver Demand from Solar, Data Centers, and Emerging Technologies __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

West Red Lake Gold Mines (TSXV: WRLG) President and CEO Shane Williams joins Kitco Mining’s Investment Trends with Paul Harris at VRIC 2026 to discuss the company’s transition into commercial production at the Madsen Mine in Ontario’s Red Lake Gold District. Williams explains that commercial production reflects stable operations following ramp-up. “Once you get to that stability, you’re set and that’s where you declare commercial production,” he said. Williams outlines a ramp-up toward 60,000 to 65,000 oz of gold per year and explains how West Red Lake rebuilt confidence in the asset through more than 180,000 meters of underground drilling, establishing a five-year mine plan and growing the workforce to about 250 people. With production underway, he says the company is beginning to generate free cash flow, allowing it to strengthen the balance sheet and fund growth. The interview also explores how higher gold prices are reshaping economics at Madsen, lowering cutoff grades and expanding mineable tonnage. Williams outlines a hub-and-spoke strategy that could lift production toward 100,000 oz per year over time by feeding satellite deposits like Rowan into the Madsen mill, while rehabilitating an existing shaft to materially reduce haulage costs. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining and Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:34 - Declaring Commercial Production at Madsen 01:05 - What Commercial Production Means in Mining 01:54 - Rebuilding Confidence After Past Challenges 03:22 - Ramp-Up Plans and Regional Exploration 04:06 - How Gold Prices Impact Mine Economics 06:05 - Free Cash Flow and Balance Sheet Strategy 08:11 - Operator Experience as a Competitive Edge 10:34 - Key Catalysts and Growth Outlook __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Willem Middelkoop, founder and CEO of Commodity Discovery Fund, says the metals bull market reflects a structural shift driven by currency debasement and rising geopolitical risk. Speaking with Kitco Mining at the 2026 Vancouver Resource Investment Conference, Middelkoop rejected the idea that metals are in a bubble. “There’s not a bubble in the metals. There’s a bubble in the dollar,” he said. Middelkoop said silver stands out due to persistent supply constraints and the risk of a short squeeze, while mining equities continue to lag physical metals. He noted that silver producers are trading at valuation levels last seen at the bottom of the previous cycle, suggesting substantial revaluation potential as the market progresses. He also outlined how Commodity Discovery Fund is positioned across producers and development-stage companies, using option strategies to manage downside risk. Middelkoop said rising free cash flow across the sector could draw broader generalist capital into mining equities as the cycle matures. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. Special thanks to our sponsor, Discovery Silver. Visit https://discoverysilver.com/ to learn more about the company, its latest news, and investor materials. 00:29 — Which Metal Surprised Willem Middelkoop Most 01:17 — Why Middelkoop Says a New Era for Metals Has Begun 03:13 — Silver Supply Deficits and Short Squeeze Risk 04:02 — Weaponization of Metals and Geopolitical Tensions 05:09 — Copper Breakout and Emerging Market Signals 07:20 — How Commodity Discovery Fund Is Positioning in Mining Stocks 14:49 — Sovereign Debt Risks and the Next Financial Crisis 17:59 — Final Thoughts on Volatility and the Metals Cycle __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Christian Milau, President of Eldorado Gold (TSX: ELD; NYSE: EGO), joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at the Future Minerals Forum 2026 to discuss leadership transition, capital discipline, and a major shift in the company’s cash generation profile. Milau says that despite strong gold prices, gold equities have not yet attracted the level of generalist interest he would have expected. He argues this cycle differs from past gold booms, with producers operating more conservatively and prioritizing balance sheet strength and shareholder returns over aggressive expansion. At Eldorado, that discipline is reflected in share buybacks already underway and the consideration of dividends even as the company completes a large, capital-intensive development. He highlights Eldorado’s focused portfolio in Greece, Turkey, and Canada, with Skouries in northern Greece nearing first concentrate and expected to materially lift cash flow as it moves toward commercial production. Milau describes the company as “turning to a cashflow inflection point, probably mid next year, where the cash will start coming in,” creating flexibility to reduce debt, increase shareholder returns, expand exploration, and advance projects internally. While open to selective opportunities, he says large-scale M&A is not required, with organic execution and disciplined capital allocation guiding the strategy. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:27 – Leadership Changes in the Gold Mining Sector 02:02 – Gold Prices, Equity Performance, and Investor Interest 03:03 – Capital Discipline, Buybacks, and Dividends in Gold Mining 07:57 – Eldorado Gold’s Portfolio Focus and Growth Strategy 12:47 – M&A Outlook and Industry Consolidation 14:50 – Middle Eastern Capital and Changing Mining Investment Dynamics 16:16 – Key Catalysts Ahead for Eldorado Gold 17:02 – Closing Remarks from Future Minerals Forum 2026 __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Montage Gold Corp. (TSX: MAU; OTCQX: MAUTF) CEO Martino DiCiccio joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at the Future Minerals Forum 2026 to discuss construction progress at the company’s Kone Gold Project in Côte d’Ivoire, one of the largest gold mine developments currently underway. The $860 million Kone project is expected to produce more than 300,000 oz per year during the first eight years of a 16-year mine life. DiCiccio says construction is advancing faster than planned following the addition of an oxide circuit, stating, “We expect to be in production by later this year,” earlier than previous guidance. He explains that the accelerated timeline brings cash flow forward at peak funding, allowing the company to reinvest into exploration and future growth. DiCiccio also outlines ongoing drilling success across the district, including seven additional higher-grade deposits added to the resource stage over the past two years. He discusses Montage’s broader West African growth strategy, including its proposed acquisition of African Gold, as the company prepares to transition from developer to producer with a first gold pour expected later this year. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:31 – Kone Gold Project Overview 01:07 – Construction Progress and Accelerated Timeline 02:31 – Exploration Success and New High-Grade Discoveries 04:12 – Strategic Investments and African Growth Partnerships 09:41 – Gold Market Outlook and Growth Strategy 11:23 – Key Catalysts Ahead for Montage Gold 12:12 – Closing Remarks from Future Minerals Forum 2026 __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Gold’s rally is being driven by deeper structural forces than short-term headlines. Speaking with Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at the Future Minerals Forum 2026 in Riyadh, World Gold Council CEO David Tait explains why demand for gold has broadened and what could ultimately change the trend. Tait says central bank buying remains an important foundation, with purchases still close to 1,000 tonnes, but argues gold’s role is increasingly portfolio-driven. He points to shifts in Japan’s investor base, rapid growth in India’s gold ETF market, and regulatory changes allowing Chinese insurers to allocate to gold, opening a multi-trillion-dollar pool of potential demand. At the core of the rally, he says, is concern over rising sovereign debt and the risk of a long-term debt spiral. “I can see six very, very, very strong reasons why the gold price should go higher,” Tait said, adding that only an unexpected success in managing debt through growth and lower interest rates could mark a turning point. He also outlines the World Gold Council’s work to modernize gold’s role in the financial system through digital infrastructure that could make gold easier to use as collateral, while warning that sustained high prices risk expanding informal mining and environmental damage if supply chains are not formalized. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:26 – Structural Forces Driving Gold Demand 02:20 – US Debt, Interest Rates, and the Gold Market 04:50 – Digital Gold Reform and Artisanal Mining Risks 11:29 – Gold Price Sustainability and Investor Behavior 14:45 – Global and Social Implications of High Gold Prices 17:26 – Outlook and Closing Remarks __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

McEwen Mining (NYSE: MUX; TSX: MUX) Executive Chair and Chief Owner Rob McEwen joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at Future Minerals Forum 2026 in Riyadh as copper trades near $6 per pound. McEwen says copper’s surge is being driven by excitement around future uses and a growing shortage of supply. He points to AI, electrification, energy infrastructure, long lead times, and the scarcity of major discoveries as structural forces reshaping the market, noting that for new copper projects, “it might take you 15 years” to move from discovery to production. He highlights McEwen Copper’s Los Azules project in Argentina, where a feasibility study completed last fall showed an after-tax NPV of $2.94 billion at a $4.35 per pound copper price. With copper trading near $6 per pound, McEwen says the project’s economics strengthen significantly, adding, “at current prices, we’d have a gross margin in excess of 71%.” He outlines a mine life of more than 20 years with expansion potential, capital costs of about $3.2 billion plus working capital, and a timeline targeting construction in late 2026 or early 2027, with production around 2030. McEwen also discusses financing pathways, including strategic partners, sovereign funds, equipment suppliers, and a potential public listing for McEwen Copper. He closes by explaining how copper, alongside gold and silver, positions the company to build long-term value as demand rises and supply remains constrained. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:26 – Copper Near $6 as Supply Tightens 01:09 – Geopolitics and Copper as a Critical Mineral 01:46 – Industry Restructuring and Copper M&A 02:54 – McEwen Copper’s Los Azules Project Economics 04:39 – Financing Strategy and IPO Options 06:47 – Gold, Silver, and Portfolio Strategy 08:57 – Copper Cycles, Supply Risks, and Sustainability 10:48 – AI, Data Centers, and Rising Copper Demand 14:53 – Outlook and McEwen’s Goals Ahead __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Dominic Raab, Head of Global Affairs at Appian Capital Advisory, joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at Future Minerals Forum 2026 in Riyadh to discuss how geopolitics and national security are reshaping global critical minerals supply chains. Raab says supply concentration and export controls have driven a tougher US response, noting “there is a galvanization of action coming out of Washington DC in response to the bottlenecks of supply that we've seen because of the high levels of concentration.” He explains why critical minerals are now viewed as a defense and industrial priority, not just a trade issue. The interview explores how Washington is balancing onshoring with partnerships in friendly jurisdictions, using Saudi Arabia as an example of faster permitting and lower energy costs. Raab also weighs in on US–China competition, a more polarized global order, and why public-private partnerships and mid-cap miners may be key to expanding future supply. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:29 – US–China Critical Minerals Competition 01:19 – US–Saudi Arabia Critical Minerals Partnership 04:26 – Trump Policy, Venezuela, and Resource Security 09:45 – Public–Private Partnerships and Critical Minerals Financing 10:36 – Mining M&A and the Push for Scale 12:44 – 2026 Outlook for Critical Minerals Supply Chains __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Northern Graphite (TSXV: NGC) CEO Hugues Jacquemin joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at Future Minerals Forum 2026 in Riyadh just minutes after signing a $200 million agreement to build a battery anode materials plant in Saudi Arabia. Jacquemin outlines how the joint venture with Obeikan Investment Group came together after a year of work, saying, “We spent about a year working together on crafting the deal.” Phase one is designed to produce about 25,000 tons per year of battery anode material, is fully scalable, and targets a final investment decision in Q3 2026, with production expected by early 2028. The plant will be supplied with graphite concentrate from Northern Graphite’s Okanjande mine in Namibia, which is set to restart and expand production. Jacquemin explains why Saudi Arabia offers key advantages, including faster timelines, lower energy costs, strong industrial infrastructure, and access to European, Asian, and Middle Eastern markets. He also discusses qualification progress with global battery manufacturers, growing geopolitical pressure to secure ex China battery supply chains, and a widening price gap between China and non China graphite markets. Jacquemin says the Saudi facility is intended to serve as a model for future battery materials plants in North America and Europe. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:16 – Northern Graphite’s $200 Million Battery Anode Deal 01:56 – JV Structure, Capacity, and Project Timeline 03:36 – Why Saudi Arabia Is Strategic for Battery Materials 04:53 – Scaling Battery Anode Plants Across Regions 08:33 – Graphite Pricing and China vs Ex-China Markets 11:46 – Geopolitics and the Push for Ex-China Supply Chains __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

First Quantum Minerals (TSX: FM; OTCQX: FQVLF) President and CEO Tristan Pascal joins Kitco Mining’s Paul Harris at Future Minerals Forum 2026 in Riyadh as copper trades near $6 per pound. Pascal explains that copper is increasingly being driven by a structural gap between supply and demand. Electrification, renewable energy, electric vehicles, data centers, and AI-driven grid upgrades are accelerating consumption, while new supply remains difficult to bring online. He highlights how tight the market has become, noting, “The world has seven to 21 days of copper on the shelf at any one time.” He outlines why higher prices have yet to unlock large-scale new supply, pointing to declining grades, rising capital and operating costs, inflation, longer permitting timelines, and the cost of capital. Pascal also discusses why industry consolidation reflects execution risk rather than a lack of opportunity, and how First Quantum’s build-focused strategy differs from buy-led growth. The conversation covers progress at the company’s S3 expansion in Zambia, the potential pathway for future projects such as Taca Taca in Argentina, and balance sheet restructuring following the closure of Cobre Panamá. Pascal also addresses engagement with the Panamanian government and First Quantum’s focus on disciplined growth as copper’s strategic importance continues to rise. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining & Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:27 – Copper Market Dynamics and Supply Challenges 02:40 – Impact of Inflation and Cost of Capital on Copper 04:10 – Recycling and New Demands for Copper 04:44 – AI, Data Centers, and Copper Supply 07:14 – Cost of Capital and Greenfield Copper Projects 07:50 – First Quantum’s Build vs Buy Strategy 09:24 – Taca Taca Project in Argentina 13:38 – Balance Sheet Restructuring and Financial Stability 15:31 – Panama Progress and Environmental Audit 22:01 – Geopolitics and Copper’s Role in Energy Security 24:20 – First Quantum’s Priorities for 2026 25:19 – Closing Remarks and Future Minerals Forum 2026 __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.

Highlander Silver (TSXV: HSLV) President and CEO Daniel Earle joins Kitco Mining’s Investment Trends with Paul Harris to break down silver’s explosive move into the end of 2025 and the company’s decision to scale aggressively into the next phase of the cycle. With silver up roughly 170% last year and far outperforming gold, Earle says the move follows the typical structure of precious metals bull markets. “Silver begins to play catch-up and then take over leadership and really start to outperform,” he said. Earle points to persistent supply deficits, rising demand from solar, electrification, and AI, and tight inventories as key forces shaping the silver market in 2026. He also highlights growing strategic competition for physical silver as China restricts exports and increasingly treats silver as a strategic metal, adding volatility to an already constrained market. Turning to Highlander Silver, Earle outlines the company’s all-stock acquisition of Bear Creek Mining, valued at about C$130–140 million, which lifted Highlander’s market capitalization to roughly C$730 million. The deal adds the Corani silver development project in Peru, hosting 229 million ounces of silver reserves and more than 400 million ounces of total resources, supported by a 2019 feasibility study outlining average annual production of 9.6 million ounces. Earle says Highlander plans to restart exploration at Corani for the first time in a decade while continuing to advance its San Luis project toward permitting. Don’t forget to subscribe to the Kitco Mining and Kitco News YouTube channels to stay up to date on the latest industry news and interviews. 00:06 – Highlander Silver’s Bear Creek M&A Transaction 00:34 – Silver Price Surge and Market Outlook 03:38 – Structural Supply and Demand Forces in the Silver Market 07:54 – China’s Role in Silver Supply and Price Volatility 11:57 – Highlander Silver Share Price Performance and Scale 15:12 – Corani Silver Project and Bear Creek Deal Details 23:37 – Mercedes Mine Overview and Non-Core Asset Strategy 26:46 – Peru’s Mining Sector and Renewed Investor Interest 29:21 – Highlander Silver’s 2026 Catalysts and Growth Plans __________________________________________________________________ Kitco Mining is dedicated to reporting on the mining industry. Our mandate is to be the top resource for all mining information and news, offering a clear perspective on where the industry is going through breaking news coverage, mining trends, and in-depth reporting, presented with precious, rare earth, base metals, and industry stock prices. Get important precious and base metal updates while on the go with the Kitco Gold LIVE! app - https://applications.kitco.com Stay connected with us X - https://x.com/KitcoMining Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/kitcomining LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/kitco-mining Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/KitcoMining Connect with the Kitco Mining anchors Paul Harris - https://x.com/paulharrisgold   For more in-depth mining coverage, visit us here - https://www.kitco.com/mining Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are those of the author and may not reflect those of Kitco Metals Inc. The author has made every effort to ensure accuracy of information provided; however, neither Kitco Metals Inc. nor the author can guarantee such accuracy. This article is strictly for informational purposes only. It is not a solicitation to make any exchange in commodities, securities or other financial instruments. Kitco Metals Inc. and the author of this podcast do not accept culpability for losses and/ or damages arising from the use of this publication.