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What happens right after a wrong answer is one of the most repeated things we do all day, and in a lot of clinics nobody chooses it. Sean and Mike go after the one-size "house style" correction, look at the research showing the best procedure differs from learner to learner, and explain how a quick error-correction assessment can take the guesswork out. An error is information about our teaching, not a character flaw in the learner. In this episode of the Your ___ Sucks series, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero cover: (03:59) Segment 1: The autopilot problem: one house-style correction for every learner, procedural drift, and tone at 4:30 PM vs. 9 AM (12:41) Segment 2: Why it fails: nobody measures trials to mastery, and the signs that a correction is making the work aversive (21:01) Segment 3: What the research says: corrections can work through avoidance, and the most efficient procedure is individual (29:20) Segment 4: The fix: run a brief error-correction assessment that RBTs can actually collect data on (36:50) Segment 5: The Monday plan: least intrusive and most efficient, write it and train it, and let the learner choose Research mentioned: Rodgers & Iwata (1991); Worsdell et al. (2005); McGhan & Lerman (2013); Carroll, Joachim, St. Peter & Robinson (2015); Kodak et al. (2016); BACB Ethics Code 2.14. Disrupt ABA 2026 is a one-day virtual conference on Friday, December 4. Register at disruptaba.com. CEUs: this episode is offered as an on-demand CE event through Hickory Learning Group (ACE Provider OP-24-10923) on OpenCEU: https://openceu.com/courses/rad-n-bad-your-error-correction-sucks-error-correction-assessments-trials-to-mas. Listening to the episode does not by itself earn credit; you have to complete the OpenCEU version. Stay rad and bad.

Your title doesn't make you a leader. Your behavior does. On Disruptors on Deck Ep 1, Sean and Mike sit down with Dr. Paul "Paulie Gloves" Gavoni (Ed.D., BCBA-D), CEO and Founder of Heart & Science International and Co-Founder of The Behavioral Toolbox International. Paulie specializes in organizational behavior management, has written 18 #1 best-selling books (including a Wall Street Journal and USA Today bestseller), and is a former Golden Gloves Heavyweight Champion known in MMA as Coach Paulie Gloves. At Disrupt ABA 2026, Paulie is presenting "Positional Authority Ain't Leadership: Behavioral Science for Navigating Bull$hit, Optimizing Performance, and Avoiding A$$ Clownery" in the Leaders & Operators track. In this episode: Why "the measure of the leader can be found in the behavior of the followers," and why the first place to look when performance breaks down is the mirror Why 40 hours of RBT training and 8 hours of supervisor training is like handing a fighter a written test and sending him into the cage The behavior alignment compass: name a value, catch the behavior that drifts from it, pinpoint a replacement behavior and measure whether you're actually moving toward that value Catch Paulie live at Disrupt ABA, a one-day virtual conference on Friday, December 4, 2026. Info: https://disruptaba.com Register: https://behaviorlive.com/conferences/DisruptABA26/registration Find Paulie: https://hsiorg.com | Instagram @drpauliegloves Hosts: Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero

Somewhere there's a laminated prompt hierarchy on a clinic wall, and every learner gets run through it the same way. Sean and Mike argue that prompt dependency is usually something we teach, not something the learner brings. They walk through what the research says about picking prompts and lay out a Monday plan: write the fade before you write the prompt. Show notes: Prompts work. The problem is one hierarchy for every learner and every skill, prompts that come faster than the learner can respond, and fades nobody writes down. In this episode of the Your ___ Sucks series, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero cover: (03:27) Segment 1: How prompting is taught vs. how it's actually run on the floor, and the "with prompts" IEP goal you can't fail (11:12) Segment 2: Why it fails: prompt dependency is our behavior, trials per hour, and why the wait strategy matters (20:01) Segment 3: What the research says: no single hierarchy wins for everyone; prompt type vs. fading procedure (28:59) Segment 4: The fix: match the prompt to the learner and the skill, with a prompt type, a fading method and a why written into every program (36:41) Segment 5: The Monday plan: written fade rules, graphing prompt level next to accuracy, and red flags for a learner stuck at one level Research mentioned: Libby, Weiss, Bancroft & Ahearn (2008); Seaver & Bourret (2014); Cengher, Budd, Farrell & Fienup (2018); Touchette & Howard (1984); BACB Ethics Code 2.14. Disrupt ABA 2026 is a one-day virtual conference on Friday, December 4. Register at disruptaba.com. CEUs: this episode is offered as an on-demand CE event through Hickory Learning Group (ACE Provider OP-24-10923) on OpenCEU: https://openceu.com/courses/rad-n-bad-your-prompting-hierarchy-sucks-individualized-prompt-selection-written. Listening to the episode does not by itself earn credit; you have to complete the OpenCEU version. Stay rad and bad.

In science, there is a foundational principle every single behavior analyst had to memorize to pass their certification exam: parsimony. Rule out the simplest, most obvious physical and environmental explanations first before you go off into the weeds inventing a psychological circus. If a musician’s amplifier produces a deafening ground-loop hum, you don’t spend $5,000 on boutique studio compressors—you swap the bad cable. If a 10-year-old on the ball field keeps dropping routine pop flies, you don’t write a multi-tiered psychological intervention contract—you check if his cap is over his eyebrows or if he’s squinting into the blinding sun. Yet somewhere along the way, modern applied behavior analysis took the law of parsimony out back and buried it in a shallow grave. Today, if a four-year-old struggles, we don’t check for an ear infection, constipation, or an ambient sensory trigger. We draft a 30-page Behavior Intervention Plan that reads like an international trade treaty, construct an eight-tiered token economy that looks like an underground casino, fragment human language into 50 useless flashcard targets, and prescribe a mandatory 40-hour weekly schedule. Why? Because simplicity doesn’t bill. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero rip the bureaucratic machine down to the studs. In this episode, we unpack: The Arrogant Sin of Ignoring Biology: Why clinicians spend six weeks having technicians block aggression like hockey goalies when the child actually has a rotted molar down to the nerve or hasn't had a bowel movement in six days. Fix the Buzzing Amp: Why the field would rather write a 30-page legal insulation document than make a five-second physical tweak to a buzzing fluorescent light or a rigid chair. Token Casinos vs. Authentic Motivation: How arbitrary five-star boards, poker chips, and color-coded smiley faces create prompt-dependent casino addicts instead of teaching learners how the real world pays off. The Splinter Skill Scam: Why drilling identical 2D flashcards of artichokes and French horns replaces high-leverage behavioral cusps that actually build autonomy. Minimum Effective Dose: Deconstructing the TRICARE Autism Care Demonstration data and modern literature showing flat developmental trajectories under 40-hour warehouse models. Cutting the BS: Why parsimony isn't a shortcut—it’s an ethical filter to stop confusing complexity with clinical competence.

Here’s the dirty little open secret in applied behavior analysis right now: the pendulum swung so hard away from discrete trial training that clinicians are terrified to even look at a flashcard. Everyone ran screaming from the tabletop because God forbid you look like an old-school compliance robot. And where did we land? In a land of milk, honey, and vibes known as "Natural Environment Teaching"—except half the time, it isn't teaching at all. It’s an ideological surrender. We took entry-level technicians, gave them 40 hours of sleep-inducing online modules, threw them onto a foam mat, and told them: "Just follow the child's lead, bro." Now insurance companies and families are cutting checks for $75 to $100 an hour for intensive, medically necessary behavioral intervention, while a tech sits crisscross applesauce staring into the middle distance while a kid watches wheels spin on an iPad. That’s not trauma-informed clinical mastery. That’s the world’s most aggressively overbilled babysitting gig. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero march straight into No Man’s Land to call out the clinical neglect hiding behind progressive buzzwords. In this episode, we unpack: Real NET vs. Passive Proximity: Why legitimate incidental teaching is elite, dynamic behavioral science that demands active environmental sabotage—not sitting on your hands waiting for an establishing operation to fall from the sky. The 85% Trial-Density Collapse: How trading structured repetition for casual play robs learners of up to 60,000 learning opportunities a year. The Token Board Illusion: Why arbitrary five-star boards are rarely functioning as generalized conditioned reinforcers, but rather as visual countdown timers to escape the clinician. Assent Washing: The dangerous line between respecting human autonomy and using "compassionate care" as an excuse to avoid hard instructional friction and guarantee lifelong dependency. The Measurement Dumpster Fire: Why fast-moving sessions lead to 4:55 PM creative writing on session notes, and how cold probes, first-trial data, and Standard Celeration Charts save empirical integrity. The Synthesis: Why you earn the floor at the desk and prove the desk on the floor.

Somewhere along the way, applied behavior analysis took an intensely personal clinical question—what does this unique child and family actually need right now?—and turned it into an algebra problem. Higher support needs? Add hours. More assessment goals? Add hours. Comprehensive treatment? Hand over 30 to 40 hours of your week. We spend our entire careers training parents, schools, and technicians not to explain behavior with circular labels. We tell them to find the environmental variables, analyze motivating operations, and identify reinforcement contingencies. Yet, when someone asks why an autistic child needs 30 hours of ABA, our answer basically amounts to: "Because they're in the 30-hour tier." That isn’t a functional analysis. That’s circular reasoning with a CPT billing code slapped onto it. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero stop ducking the hardest, most guarded debate in the behavioral health industry. We trace the history of high-dosage ABA from Lovaas in 1987 to the landmark 2024 JAMA Pediatrics meta-analysis, run a ruthless systems-level contingency analysis on fee-for-service reimbursement, and challenge every clinician in the field to take The Zero-Dollar Test. In this episode, Sean and Mike break down: Where Did 40 Hours Actually Come From? Deconstructing the 1987 UCLA Young Autism Project, replication attempts by Smith and Eikeseth, the 2001 National Research Council report, and why our field mistook a broad treatment package for a single active ingredient.The 2024 Sandbank Meta-Analysis: What 144 studies and over 9,000 children published in JAMA Pediatrics actually tell us about the lack of a universal linear dose-response curve.Volume vs. Intensity (The Baseball Practice Metaphor): Why hours only measure elapsed time on a clock—and why 15 hours of dense, high-integrity, parent-embedded teaching can be far more behaviorally "intensive" than 35 hours of passive technician time.Follow the Money (Contingency Analysis): How traditional fee-for-service reimbursement actively punishes clinical titration, rewards dependence, and turns a BCBA who successfully makes therapy unnecessary into an operational nightmare.The Caregiver Gap: Why 30 hours of therapy only touches 18% of a child’s week, and why under-reimbursing parent coaching keeps families trapped in professional dependency.The Zero-Dollar Test: If your organization’s revenue was completely disconnected from the volume of direct billable hours delivered, would your treatment recommendations look the same tomorrow morning?

There is a brutal reality nobody warns you about when you sit for your BCBA exam: within 18 months of launching an independent practice, you aren't analyzing behavior graphs. You're staring at generic QuickBooks spreadsheets at midnight, explaining CPT codes to an accountant who doesn't know ABA, and watching payroll approach while commercial payers sit on your claims for 90 days. The dirty secret of our industry right now isn't that clinical models are failing—it's that independent, clinician-owned operators are getting choked out by cash flow. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero sit down with Ethan Schwarzbach, co-founder of Flychain, to cut directly into the financial engine of ABA. We pull back the curtain on how predatory private equity actually took over the space (hint: it wasn't superior clinical care) and how independent clinics can build modern financial infrastructure to stay open, stay ethical, and compete. In this episode, we break down: The Fixed-Payroll vs. Variable-Reimbursement Trap: Why paying staff on a strict bi-weekly schedule while waiting on unpredictable 60-to-90-day payer cycles creates an operational crisis. The Myth of Private Equity Clinical Superiority: Why corporate roll-ups dominate through capital reserves, data infrastructure, and secret contracted rate bargaining—not clinical outcomes. True Unit Economics: Calculating the fully burdened cost of an RBT hour (taxes, benefits, non-billable drive time, supervision allocation) vs. raw hourly pay. The Quota Trap: Why pushing clinicians to maximum billable capacity masks broken margins and accelerates burnout, turnover, and clinic failure. Leveling the Playing Field: How machine-readable payer rate transparency and CFO benchmark tooling give independent owners the leverage to negotiate higher reimbursement rates. Visit Flychain at https://www.flychain.us/

For decades, the applied behavior analysis sector in autism has treated the broader healthcare ecosystem like an aversive stimulus. We built a fortress out of rigid jargon, locked the gates, and convinced ourselves that clinical isolation equals purity. Here’s the unfiltered truth: our stubborn refusal to practice basic selective accommodation and collaborate across disciplines is putting our own field on a fast track to being faded out permanently. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero sit down with physician executive, health system leader, and author Dr. Steven Merahn, MD (Care Evolution) to hear what the rest of the medical world actually says about behavior analysis behind closed doors. In this episode, we unpack: Autism is Neurodevelopmental, Not Behavioral: Why treating autism strictly through a reductionist behavioral lens violates the medical principle of Rational Therapeutics. Hours Are Not Dosage: Why prescribing arbitrary 30-to-40-hour weekly clinic minimums fails pharmacokinetic principles and alienates pediatricians and health plans. Why Our Assessments Are Inherently Ableist: How comparing autistic children against normative peer curves or criterion sequences creates deficit-based traps rather than functional trajectories. The 5 Rules of Earning Professional Equity: Why behavior analysts must leave their echo chamber, attend adjacent medical conferences, read journals like JAMA Pediatrics, and stop denigrating allied disciplines. The "Default Mode Network" & Inner Life: Understanding the neuroscience of attention, why joint attention doesn't require forced eye contact, and why developmental relationship-based models (DRBI) must be respected. Professional Humility: Moving past professional supremacism to recognize that ABA is a powerful tool in the healthcare toolbox—not the entire toolbox. Find Dr Steve on Linkedin here: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stevenmerahn/

We love to say we value lived experience. We talk constantly about assent, compassionate care, social validity, and person-centered treatment. We’ve gotten really good at saying all the right words. But are we actually listening? When someone tells our field, "ABA helped me," we lean in. But when someone says, "ABA hurt me," or "ABA failed my family," we immediately jump into defense attorney mode: What kind of ABA was it? When did it happen? That’s not real ABA. On this inaugural episode of our new series, The Other Side of the Table, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero stop explaining and start listening. We sit down with Kim Lambert, a single mother from North Carolina recently interviewed in the New York Times Article about ABA and whose son, spent years inside the ABA system. Kim pulls no punches as she shares the raw reality of navigating our field: The "Trust the Process" Trap: Why telling exhausted parents to "trust the process" often just means "hand over your judgment and stop asking questions." Graphs vs. Real Life: Why mastering "touch the blue square" at a clinic desk means nothing when a child still can't eat, sleep, use the bathroom, or leave the house without a 4-hour meltdown. The Fear of Telling the Truth: Why parents hide severe behaviors from BCBAs because they're terrified of being judged, blamed, or reported. From 30 Hours of "Babysitting" to True Independence: How moving away from cookie-cutter clinic quotas and into functional, parent-involved accountability completely transformed Rhett's future from institutional talk to sleepaway camp and public school.

Filing an ethics complaint against us would require actually citing the ethics code—and honestly, we’d appreciate the peer review. On this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero sit down with ethics heavy-hitters Dr. Jon Bailey (founder of the ABA Ethics Hotline) and Zachary Stevens (co-authors alongside Dr. Mary Burch of The Ethical Behavior Analyst) for an unfiltered examination of modern behavioral healthcare. We move past checklist compliance and memorize-the-code ethics to ask the hard questions: What happens when ethical practice collides with corporate private equity and billable hour quotas? Why are we teaching supervisees like they’re taking driver’s ed instead of preparing them for the clinical highway? And why is the true goal of ABA not great therapy, but making therapy completely unnecessary? Key Discussion Points: Driver’s Ed Ethics vs. Ethical Judgment: Why memorizing the BACB ethics code doesn’t prepare clinicians for real-world clinical pressure. The Conflict of Interest Trap: How tying compensation to billable quotas, 25-to-40-hour minimums, and "drive-by supervision" undermines client care. Outcome-Based vs. Dosage-Based Models: Why the field must shift from billing hours to measuring functional, real-world skill acquisition. The Supervision Reality: Moving beyond checking off 2,000 fieldwork hours to modeling how to handle denials, mistakes, and true client advocacy. The Mirror Moment: Why behavior analysts must embrace feedback, kick out private equity exploitation, and never lose sight of the human being across the table. You can pick up a copy of the Ethical Behavior Analyst right here! https://www.routledge.com/The-Ethical-Behavior-Analyst/Stevens-Bailey-Burch/p/book/9781032988849?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=23976946742&gbraid=0AAAAACWuhHWAw1T6SJ5lQNVEYoky-9B4T&gclid=CjwKCAjwtKrUBhAhEiwAr77Zol_NkaYtUw4k7TMT4rxYZUP2YiRttF1P7SXqJ_LyNZ6yf2Y28qkO7BoCzsAQAvD_BwE

Why is our field so terrified of its own critics? When people critique Applied Behavior Analysis, the knee-jerk reaction across clinics, message boards, and leadership panels is almost always defense: "They just misunderstand the science," "They're talking about old ABA," or "That's not real ABA." On this episode of Rad N Bad, Mike Carrero and Sean Yocum sit down with B.F. Middleton (Oh Behave! Podcast / The Bearded Behaviorist) to stop playing defense attorney for our discipline and start applying behavior analysis to our own institutional practices. Instead of dismissing the Anti-ABA movement as irrational or misinformed, we analyze it for what it actually is: textbook Skinnerian counter-control. Anti-ABA Opposition as Environmental Data: Why public critique isn't an attack to be shut down—it’s critical environmental feedback signaling where our controlling practices have become coercive. The "Today's ABA" Trap: Why rebranding our methods as "compassionate" or "trauma-informed" fails if we don't alter the underlying corporate contingencies (billables, compliance, authorization metrics) driving clinician behavior. Albert Bandura & Moral Disengagement: How clinicians use verbal mechanisms—like comparing current practice to historical aversives—to insulate themselves from legitimate feedback about client distress. Rights Holders vs. Stakeholders: Re-centering Montrose Wolf's concept of Social Validity around client autonomy, assent, and human rights rather than insurance compliance or parent convenience. Beyond the Echo Chamber: How behavior analysis can transition from defending a static identity to creating a self-correcting science that continuously responds to neurodivergent self-advocates. Where to find BF Middleton: https://www.linkedin.com/in/beardedbehaviorist/

There is no shortage of organizations in autism—we have associations, credentialing bodies, coalitions, and advocacy groups. Yet, the field remains completely fragmented. Behavior analysts talk to behavior analysts, speech therapists talk to speech therapists, and physicians talk to physicians. While clinicians protect their turf, insurance companies write policy, legislators write laws, and private equity reshapes service delivery. In this episode of Rad N Bad, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero sit down with Dr. Robin McLeod, founding CEO of the National Society of Autism Professionals (NSAP), to address the missing element in autism care: cross-disciplinary leadership and standardized accountability. Dr. McLeod breaks down NSAP’s massive mission to unite clinical healthcare, education, policy, research, technology, and advocacy around meaningful, lifelong outcomes for autistic individuals and their families. Key Topics Covered in This Episode: The Fragmented Field: Why operating in professional silos leaves clinicians reactive to payer policies instead of driving care standards. The Two Engines of NSAP: How the Standards Engine (building a cross-disciplinary competency framework) powers the Influence Engine (advocating with payers and legislators). "Hover Before You Land": Dr. McLeod’s framework for cross-disciplinary perspective-taking and facilitating productive, respectful disagreement among experts. Compliance vs. Outcomes: Why an audit-proof treatment plan and high session attendance do not automatically equal clinically significant change. Value-Based Care & Reinforcement: How shifting away from volume-based hourly billing incentivizes true generalization, caregiver competence, and functional independence across the lifespan. If you are ready to stop performing leadership and help build an industry standard that holds providers and payers accountable, this episode is a must-listen. Learn More & Join NSAP: NSAP.org

Most BCBAs are taught that high-integrity care requires a toddler sitting in a clinic 40 hours a week, locked into a screen, and managed by burned-out middle management. Melissa Kozak is here to prove that model completely wrong. As the founder of Kozak Consulting and Going Independent, Melissa has conducted over 1,300 direct caregiver sessions with an astounding 1% cancellation rate. The secret? She ditched the corporate assembly line, threw out the blanket hour prescriptions, and built a pure, caregiver-led practice that prioritizes human connection, Behavior Skills Training (BST), and soft skills over billable unit metrics. In this episode, Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero sit down with Melissa to tackle the uncomfortable truths holding the ABA field back: The Soft-Skills Deficit: Why so many clinicians struggle to talk to parents without hiding behind an iPad or a checklist—and how to build genuine, rapport-first relationships. The Caregiver-Led Blueprint: How targeting real-life family priorities (like a 3-second photo or a mealtime routine) leads to lower cancellations and faster, sustainable progress. Ditching the 40-Hour Prescription: Why massive, blanket hour authorizations are often driving burnout and revenue—not actual clinical necessity. Tech That Works for You: How tools like HiRasmus can be leveraged to streamline clinical workflows without losing the human element. Taking Control of Your Science: How burnt-out BCBAs can step off the corporate hamster wheel, cut out the middleman, and launch their own high-impact, independent practices. If you are ready to stop checking corporate boxes and start engineering real-world outcomes, hit play.

The BCBA credential has never been more valuable. So why do so many new clinicians feel completely unprepared? Sean Yocum and Mike Carrero welcome Dr. Han-Leong Goh for an unapologetic conversation about the systems shaping modern behavior analysis. From graduate education and supervision to insurance reform, billable hours, leadership, and mentorship, they examine how good intentions created incentives that don't always produce great clinicians. The conversation isn't about blaming universities, employers, or behavior analysts. It's about asking whether the profession has accidentally built a system that rewards the wrong behaviors—and what it would take to rebuild it.

The multi-billion-dollar corporate takeover of autism services has officially reached its breaking point. Over the last decade, we have watched private equity firms dump massive capital into the industry, swallowing up small community providers and mass-producing cookie-cutter clinic networks. Somewhere along the line, trade associations and self-appointed accreditation programs stepped behind closed doors and declared themselves the official voice of our science. But nobody asked the practitioners on the ground for a vote. In this explosive episode of Rad N Bad, Sean and Mike strip away the corporate marketing jargon to answer a simple, glaring question: Who the hell is actually driving this field? Joining the studio are Kirsten Hall and Aaron Gold, founders of the ABA Accountability Project, an organization dedicating itself to tracking power, governance, and transparency inside Applied Behavior Analysis. Together, they drop the ultimate "Umpire Analogy"—dissecting the massive conflict of interest where the same entities creating clinical standards are financially tied to the monopolies inspecting them, all while lobbying insurance payers to make those very inspections mandatory. They take a hard, behavior-analytic lens to the dangerous reality of corporate lobbying groups fighting against mandatory frontline RBT credentials under the guise of "improving access to care." This isn't a simple personal vendetta; it's a structural evaluation of an industry that treats kids like products and clinical decision-making like an asset portfolio. If you are an independent provider, a clinician drowning under corporate caseload targets, or a parent fighting for quality over volume, this episode is a blueprint for grassroots reform. Buckle up. Strong sciences don't fear questions—they invite them.