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Most quantum computers being built today chase more qubits and better error correction. Marta Estarellas's company Qilimanjaro went the other way: an analog system that lets physics do the computation, unlocked with fluxonium qubits that hold record coherence times. The bet is that the future of supercomputing is not one machine but a multimodality of digital, analog, and classical systems working together. Anders Indset sits down with Marta Estarellas, CEO of Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech, the Barcelona full-stack quantum company behind Europe's first analog quantum computer installed at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center, to ask what quantum computing looks like when you stop treating the gate-based machine as the only future. In this conversation, they explore: Why analog quantum computing lets you skip gate decomposition and let the physics compute directly How adiabatic quantum computing and gate-based quantum computing are formally equivalent, but analog opens a different execution path The fluxonium qubit and why it now holds the best coherence records What happens when quantum computers finally leave the cryostat and move to room temperature Whether an analog quantum machine still counts as a computer through the lens of David Deutsch's universal quantum computer The near-term applications that are already realistic, from spectral data analysis to drug discovery Quantum-enhanced AI and whether quantum computing can fix what is broken in large language models Europe's positioning versus the US and China in the global quantum race The timeline: what actually changes by 2030 versus what stays hype Chapter Breakdown: 00:00 -Introduction  08:55- The two types of qubits: fluxonium versus transmon  11:34 -Is an analog quantum machine actually a computer?  20:20 -Adiabatic quantum computing and gate-based quantum computing  27:36 -The timeline: will commercial quantum arrive by 2030?  35:17- Can quantum chips ever leave cryogenics? 43:50 How quantum changes biology and drug discovery  48:30- Quantum-enhanced AI versus classical large language models 54:10 Europe versus the US versus China in the quantum race  01:05:09 -What feels normal in 2036? About Marta P Estarellas LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/mpestarellas/ Website - https://qilimanjaro.tech/ About The Quantum Economy Podcast A series exploring quantum theory, quantum tech, AI, and the evolution of intelligence, and how these forces redefine the economy, value creation, and the future of human systems. Learn more: https://thequantumeconomy.com Contact: [email protected] YouTube playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnjrEO3TF1lUTutnqlfA3x88Rp0gVkOmD Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6pepc2PaCd06FHlf1pzDOg Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-quantum-economy-podcast/id1828917980 About Anders Indset Anders Indset is a business philosopher and author of seven international bestsellers, including The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI and Ex Machina – The God Experiment. As founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in early-stage science and technology and convenes scientists, investors, and entrepreneurs working on what comes after the current paradigm. NEW BOOK: The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 Website: https://andersindset.com tomorrowmensch: https://tomorrowmensch.com LinkedIn (personal): https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ LinkedIn (tomorrowmensch): https://www.linkedin.com/company/tomorrowmensch/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/andersindset Substack: https://andersindset.substack.com/ X: http://x.com/andersindset Support & Share If this conversation shifted how you think about biology, consciousness, or the future of quantum tech, like it, comment, and send it to someone who'd get into it. Subscribe for more conversations with the people shaping the quantum economy.

How much do we really understand about life? In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Dr. Nirosha Murugan, Canada Research Chair in Tissue Biophysics, founder of Helioflux. In her research, she investigates the physical principles that underlie living systems. In this conversation, they explore: Why biology may need to move beyond a purely biochemical understanding of lifeHow energy and information shape living systemsWhether consciousness emerges from the brain or from more fundamental physical processesWhat slime mold can teach us about intelligence, AI, and distributed cognitionHow quantum biology could transform medicine and our understanding of healthWhether reality itself could be a simulation, and what that would mean for free willWhy philosophy is becoming increasingly important as science pushes the boundaries of life, intelligence, and longevityThis is a conversation about quantum biology, consciousness, artificial intelligence, regenerative medicine, and one of the biggest scientific questions of our time: What does it actually mean to be alive? About Nirosha Murugan LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nirosha-murugan/ Murugan Lab: https://themuruganlab.com/ Substack: https://tseenergy.substack.com/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world's leading business philosopher and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI and Ex Machina – The God Experiment, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy, earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technology and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs who are shaping the future. NEW BOOK: The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 Website: https://andersindset.com/ tomorrowmensch: https://tomorrowmensch.com/ LinkedIn (personal): https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ LinkedIn (tomorrowmensch): https://www.linkedin.com/company/tomorrowmensch/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/andersindset X: http://x.com/andersindset

What if some of the most important questions in physics are still waiting to be properly asked? In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Chiara Marletto, physicist at the University of Oxford and co-developer of Constructor Theory alongside David Deutsch. Constructor Theory is one of the most ambitious new frameworks in fundamental physics today, going beneath the laws of motion to ask a deeper question: what is possible, what is impossible and why. In this conversation, they explore: What Constructor Theory is and how it offers a new way to think about physical reality, from information and thermodynamics to the physics of life and the mindWhy time may be more fundamental and more difficult to explain than current physical theories suggestWhy physics is not only a technical discipline, but also a deeply creative act of imagination and explanationWhy both the education system and the funding system increasingly struggle with forms of knowledge creation that cannot easily be measured or categorizedWhy many of the most important research questions today do not fit existing institutional frameworks and therefore often remain underexploredWhy progress in science depends on creating environments where difficult and foundational questions can still be pursued This is a conversation about knowledge, creativity, physics, and the institutional structures that shape what kinds of questions society is willing to explore. Episode breakown: 00:00 - Introduction: Why Physics Needs a Revolution 02:37 - Constructor Theory Explained: A New Foundation for Physics 09:09 - Why Quantum Mechanics Can't Explain Information & Life 19:36 - Is Darwinian Evolution Just Physics? Reductionism Debate 30:47 - What Is Time Really? A Physicist's Surprising Answer 38:03 - Quantum Theory at 100: Why We've Stopped Making Progress 50:42 - The Physics of Consciousness & What AI Gets Wrong 1:01:18 - Why Science Funding Is Killing Fundamental Research About Chiara Marletto https://www.linkedin.com/in/chiara-marletto-1b2338227/ https://www.chiaramarletto.com/ https://www.constructortheory.org/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosopher and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI and Ex Machina – The God Experiment, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/tomorrowmensch/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset https://andersindset.substack.com/ http://x.com/andersindset

The quantum computing race is obsessed with one number: qubit count. But what if that’s simply not the right metric? In this episode, Anders Indset speaks with Thomas Luschmann, Co-Founder and COO of Peak Quantum — a Munich-based deep-tech startup that embeds error protection directly into the hardware architecture, rather than relying on costly error correction after the fact. In this conversation, they explore: Why more qubits alone will never deliver industrially useful quantum computing and what "better qubits" actually meansHow Peak Quantum's hardware-intrinsic approach compares to cat qubits, fluxonium, and topological qubitsWhat it really takes to turn world-class university research into a fundable deep-tech companyWhether Europe can build a sovereign quantum future or whether economic reality will force its best startups to look elsewhereWhat it means to build technology that may already be beyond our full understanding and what that tells us about where humanity is headedThomas also shares Peak Quantum's 12-month proof-of-concept roadmap and his honest take on deep-tech fundraising, talent, and the asymmetry of who gets access to the first truly powerful quantum machines. Whether you're interested in quantum hardware, European innovation, or the deeper questions at the edge of science and society, this conversation goes well beyond the qubit count. About Thomas Luschmann https://www.linkedin.com/in/thomas-luschmann/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/peak-quantum-computing/ https://peakquantum.de/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/tomorrowmensch/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

What if quantum computing allowed us to engineer nature at the atomic level? In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Professor Michelle Simmons, Founder & CEO of Silicon Quantum Computing and one of the world’s leading quantum materials scientists. For over 25 years, Simmons has pioneered a new approach to quantum computing, building systems atom by atom in silicon. This goes beyond faster computation. It opens the possibility to understand, simulate, and ultimately engineer nature itself. In this conversation, we explore: What it means to engineer nature at the atomic scaleThe race to build a fault-tolerant quantum computerWhy silicon-based, atom-level qubits could unlock scalabilityHow quantum systems allow us to simulate and recreate materials (“quantum twins”)The convergence of quantum computing and AIThe philosophical implications: Are we moving from observing nature  to designing it? Michelle shares insights into her company’s roadmap toward a million-qubit quantum computer by 2033, and how her team is already delivering early products that accelerate AI and solve real-world problems. Beyond technology, this episode explores the mindset behind innovation, where competition, collaboration, and curiosity come together to tackle some of the hardest challenges in science. Whether you're interested in quantum computing, artificial intelligence, deep tech, or the future of innovation, this conversation offers a rare inside look at one of the most advanced fields shaping our world. About Michelle Simmons https://www.linkedin.com/in/michelle-simmons-34662921a/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/silicon-quantum-computing-pty-ltd/ https://www.sqc.com.au/About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

Europe is often seen as strong in science but weak in execution. In quantum technology, this is starting to change. In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Prof. Tommaso Calarco, Director at Forschungszentrum Jülich and one of the key figures behind Europe’s Quantum Flagship. They discuss the current state of quantum technology in Europe, the global race with the US and China, and how Europe is moving from research into real-world deployment. Quantum systems are being deployed and tested in public infrastructure, supercomputing platforms, and communication networks across Europe. This episode covers: The future of quantum computing and quantum infrastructure in EuropeEurope’s role in the global quantum technology raceThe challenge of venture capital, scale-up funding, and deep tech investmentDifferent approaches to quantum computing, including neutral atoms, semiconductors, and NV centersHow quantum communication infrastructure is being developedWhy quantum can strengthen European collaboration and technological sovereigntyThe conversation also explores broader questions: How quantum systems influence our understanding of information, probability, and decision-makingThe role of education, quantum engineering, and interdisciplinary skillsHow quantum technologies and AI influence society and governanceA grounded and forward-looking conversation on quantum and Europe’s position in the next wave of technology innovation. About Tommaso Calarco https://www.fz-juelich.de/en/research/research-fields/information/quantum-technology/tommaso-calarco https://qt.eu/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

Most of the attention in quantum goes to computing. But there is another layer and it’s already being built. Quantum networking is already being tested on real telecom infrastructure from New York to Deutsche Telekom’s network in Berlin. In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Noel Goddard, CEO of Qunnect, about how quantum is being built, tested, and run in real infrastructure. They discuss what quantum networks actually are, how they differ from today’s internet, and why security is emerging as the first practical use case. The conversation also explores the technical challenges of building quantum infrastructure, the realities behind the hype, and what it takes to turn deep-tech research into deployable hardware. Looking ahead, Noel outlines a longer-term vision: connecting quantum computers, sensors, and data centers — and building the foundation for a new layer of the internet. A grounded and forward-looking conversation on quantum, infrastructure, and the future of information systems. About Noel Goddard https://www.linkedin.com/in/noel-goddard-b973225/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Zeynep Korutürk, co-founder of Firgun Ventures and former Executive Director at Goldman Sachs, about the emerging investment landscape around quantum technologies. Zeynep shares her perspective on how the quantum ecosystem has evolved over the past decade – from a field with only a few dozen startups to a rapidly expanding global industry with hundreds of companies. The conversation explores why the biggest bottleneck today may not be scientific progress, but capital: many promising quantum startups struggle to secure the Series A and Series B funding needed to scale. Together, they discuss what it takes to invest in quantum technologies, how venture capital differs in a field rooted in physics rather than software, and why talent, engineering execution, and long-term vision are critical for identifying the future leaders of the industry.  The discussion also touches on geopolitics, the global race between the US, Europe, and China, the convergence of quantum computing with AI and biotechnology, and how investors should think about responsibility and long-term impact in technologies that could fundamentally reshape industries and economies. This episode is a deep dive into the intersection of quantum science, venture capital, and the future of technological progress. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 02:03 Quantum Investment Landscape 05:04 The Evolution of Quantum Technologies 07:52 Investment Strategies in Quantum 10:49 Talent Acquisition in Quantum Startups 13:38 Navigating Series A and B Funding Challenges 16:47 The Asymmetric Upside of Quantum Computing 19:32 Differences Between Quantum and Traditional VC 22:30 The Future of Quantum Exits and Acquisitions 25:38 Balancing Scientific Breakthroughs with Commercial Viability 28:30 Geopolitical Implications of Quantum Technology 31:27 Global Landscape of Quantum Technology 35:00 Sovereign Capital and Geopolitical Dynamics 38:10 Convergence of AI, Quantum, and Biotech 41:07 Investor Responsibilities in Quantum Development 44:09 Future of Quantum Technology and Market Dynamics 46:52 Rethinking Economic Structures in a Quantum Era 48:38 Predictions for Quantum's Future and Investment Strategies About Zeynep Korutürk https://www.linkedin.com/in/zeynepkoruturk/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK: The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

Time feels obvious to us. It flows from the past to the present and into the future. But in modern physics, time is anything but simple. In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with theoretical physicist Dr. Sravan Kumar about one of the deepest mysteries in physics: the nature of time, black holes, and whether information can truly disappear from the universe. Dr. Kumar’s recent work revisits Einstein–Rosen bridges – structures often associated with wormholes – and proposes a new interpretation of how spacetime, quantum mechanics, and gravity might be connected. The conversation explores questions such as whether the universe could contain two arrows of time, how the black hole information paradox might be resolved, and what these ideas could mean for the future of physics. Dr. Sravan Kumar is a theoretical physicist whose research focuses on quantum gravity, black holes, and the early universe. His work explores how quantum mechanics and gravity may ultimately be unified to better understand the fundamental structure of reality.  The discussion became a fascinating exploration at the intersection of physics, philosophy, and the deeper questions about the universe. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 01:54 Exploring the Nature of Time 06:49 Cultural Influences on Scientific Inquiry 11:51 The Journey into Quantum Gravity 16:29 Einstein-Rosen Bridges and Information Paradox 21:45 Two Arrows of Time and Information Preservation 26:37 The Emergence of Time and the Big Bang 31:13 Quantum Computing and Time Symmetry 46:10 Understanding Control in Quantum Systems 49:13 Simulating Quantum Gravity and Cosmic Phenomena 51:55 The Simulation Hypothesis and Its Implications 54:58 Exploring Information First Ontology 57:58 The Future of Quantum Computing and Society 01:02:09 Entanglement and Its Role in Space-Time 01:04:56 Consciousness and Quantum Mechanics 01:10:55 The Challenge of AI Hallucinations 01:18:59 Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration for Progress About Sravan Kumar https://www.linkedin.com/in/k-sravan-kumar-a0b45b72/ A new understanding of Einstein–Rosen bridges: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ae3044   Other relevant detailed papers  https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/29  https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2024/12/123E01/7911842  https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/7/1056  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/06/001  Schrodinger's expanding Universes paper first pointed about Universe with two arrows of time: https://www.cambridge.org/gb/universitypress/subjects/physics/cosmology-relativity-and-gravitation/expanding-universe?format=PB&isbn=9780521172172   About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOKThe Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset sits down with Dr. Pavel Hrmo, CEO and co-founder of ZuriQ — a Swiss quantum computing startup spun out of ETH Zürich. ZuriQ is taking a radically different approach to one of quantum computing’s biggest challenges: scalability. Instead of relying on traditional one-dimensional ion chains, Dr. Hrmo and his team are developing a reconfigurable two-dimensional ion array using Penning trap architecture — a breakthrough that could unlock a new path toward large-scale, practical quantum systems. Together, Anders and Pavel explore whether trapped-ion systems could become the foundation of scalable quantum computing, how ZuriQ’s architecture differs from players like IonQ and Quantinuum, and how Europe positions itself in the global quantum race. They also dive into deeper questions: When will quantum computing create real economic impact?How will AI and quantum computing converge?Will AI accelerate quantum breakthroughs — or will quantum redefine AI?Are there fundamental limits to computation and energy?And are we approaching a “post-theory” era where machines outperform human understanding? From error correction and qubit scaling to AGI, creativity, and the philosophy of technology, this episode explores the intersection of physics, artificial intelligence, and the future of human agency in a world increasingly shaped by advanced computation. A conversation about quantum systems and the limits of human understanding. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 01:51 Quantum Computing Innovations 04:59 ZuriQ’s Unique Approach to Scaling Qubits 07:30 Challenges and Opportunities in Quantum Computing 10:44 Comparing Quantum Technologies: Trapped Ions vs. Others 13:36 The Role of Engineering and Physics in Quantum Development 16:41 Economic Implications of Quantum Computing 19:38 The Future of Quantum Ecosystems 22:31 The Intersection of Quantum Computing and AI 25:54 The Nature of Creativity in AI and Quantum 28:38 Philosophical Implications of AI and Quantum Computing 34:04 The Intersection of AI and Human Creativity 36:34 The Limitations of AI in Understanding 41:03 Quantum Computing and Its Implications 43:58 The Role of Human Judgment in an AI-Driven World 48:07 The Future of Quantum Computing and Its Challenges 56:44 Ethical Considerations in AI and Quantum Technology 58:47 The Future of ZuriQ and European Tech Landscape About Pavel Hrmo https://www.linkedin.com/in/pavel-hrmo/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy: https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

What does it really take to make quantum computers work at scale? Anders Indset hosts Steve Brierley, founder & CEO of Riverlane, to unpack fault-tolerant quantum computing's potential to revolutionize chemistry, materials science, and climate tech. Discover why qubits are so fragile, how 25 years of error rate improvements still fall short, and the trillion-operation leap needed for real-world impact. Steve reveals Riverlane's real-time error correction stack—accelerating hardware roadmaps by 3-5 years across superconducting, trapped ions, neutral atoms, silicon spins, and NV centers. Key insights: Crossing the QEC threshold: From 1,000 to billions of error-free operationsQuantum + AI/HPC: Hybrid workflows for next-gen supercomputingFirst applications: Quantum chemistry, materials design, efficient catalystsQuantum computers as "programmable models of nature" for new physics discoveriesThey also tackle big questions: Are quantum machines or nature's simulators? Can quantum-AI uncover new elements or physical laws? Is consciousness computable? 00:00 Introduction 01:37 The Fragility of Qubits and Error Correction 04:40 Engineering Challenges in Quantum Computing 07:40 Exploring Different Qubit Modalities 11:48 Commercial Pathways for Quantum Computing 13:58 The Role of Quantum Computing in Chemistry 18:40 The Intersection of Quantum Computing and AI 21:33 Quantum Mechanics: A Model of Nature 24:39 Exploring New Physics with Quantum Computers 34:34 Exploring Quantum Simulations and Reality 37:36 The Future of Quantum Computing and AI Convergence 42:07 The Implications of AI and Quantum Technologies 49:24 The Nature of Consciousness and Human Uniqueness 56:20 The Future of Quantum Error Correction and Industry Impact About Steve Brierley https://www.linkedin.com/in/steve-brierley-72127a142/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset https://x.com/AndersIndset

In this episode of The Quantum Economy Podcast, Anders Indset speaks with Enrique Solano (CEO of Kipu Quantum) about the future of quantum computing, quantum AI, and artificial intelligence — and why waiting for a universal, fault-tolerant quantum computer may be the biggest mistake in the industry. Solano challenges the dominant narrative around quantum technology. Universal quantum computers are not imminent, logical qubits are not yet scalable, and noisy quantum hardware is not useless — it’s an opportunity. At the center of the conversation is his concept of quantum intelligence: hybrid classical-quantum systems that combine quantum computing and AI to unlock reasoning beyond both human cognition and classical supercomputers. A sharp and contrarian discussion about quantum advantage, quantum-enhanced machine learning, AI hallucinations, and whether intelligence truly requires consciousness. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 01:48 Unconventional Thinking 04:30 The Role of Creativity in the Age of AI 07:34 Challenges in Quantum Computing 10:40 The Reality of Quantum Hardware 13:38 Exploring Quantum Applications and Limitations 16:53 The Future of Quantum Computing and Its Impact 19:39 Innovations at Kipu Quantum 22:43 Commercial Implications of Quantum Technologies 38:38 Advancements in Quantum Computing and AI 41:03 The Future of Quantum Intelligence 47:06 Philosophical Perspectives on Reality and Consciousness 53:39 The Nature of Human Intelligence vs. AI 59:04 The Vision for Artificial Human Intelligence 01:07:54 Promising Developments for Humanity's Future About Enrique Solano https://www.linkedin.com/in/enrique-solano-812631154/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy: https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

In this episode, Anders Indset speaks with Carlos Moreira, founder and CEO of WISeKey and SEALSQ, one of the world’s leading voices on digital trust, cybersecurity, quantum security, and sovereign technology. Recorded around the World Economic Forum in Davos, the conversation explores why trust has become critical infrastructure in the quantum age. Moreira reflects on his three-decade journey from early work with the United Nations and the origins of the web in Geneva to building a global trust ecosystem spanning digital identity, post-quantum cryptography, semiconductors, satellites, and quantum computing. He explains why trust in the quantum era cannot be treated as a feature layered on top of technology, but must be embedded at the architectural level — comparable to energy grids or financial systems. Together, they discuss quantum security, the coming “Q-Day”, the geopolitical implications of technology sovereignty, and why Europe must learn to scale global technology champions. The conversation also examines how quantum computing will reshape encryption, finance, AI, and digital identity, and what this means for governments, companies, and society. Moreira shares his long-term vision for a human-centric digital future, where technology strengthens resilience, autonomy, and consent rather than control. A focused, wide-ranging, and deeply personal conversation with one of the architects shaping the foundations of trust in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 01:32 The Importance of Trust in Technology 04:42 Sovereignty and Decentralization in Technology 07:15 The Evolution of Digital Trust 10:22 Building a Trust Infrastructure 13:37 The Role of Quantum Computing 16:30 The Urgency of Post-Quantum Security 19:22 The Future of Identity and Consent 22:20 Cultural Shifts in Identity and Trust 34:32 The Evolution of Digital Identity 37:45 Empowering Individuals in the Digital Age 42:35 AI as a Tool for Enhanced Decision-Making 50:50 The Intersection of Humanity and Technology 57:19 The Future of Human Enhancement and Technology 01:02:37 Innovations on the Horizon: WISeKey and SEALSQ About Carlos Moreira https://www.linkedin.com/in/carloscreusmoreira/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy: https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset http://x.com/andersindset

In this episode, Anders Indset speaks with John Martinis, Nobel Prize–winning physicist (Nobel Prize in Physics, 2025) and one of the key architects of modern quantum computing, recorded at the World Economic Forum in Davos Martinis reflects on his journey from early superconducting qubit experiments to the landmark quantum supremacy breakthrough at Google, and explains why building a scalable quantum computer is ultimately a systems-engineering challenge where manufacturability matters as much as physics. He shares his perspective on how quantum computing will complement classical computing and AI, why meaningful economic impact will take time, and why progress is likely to be slower—but ultimately deeper—than today’s hype suggests.  A focused and personal conversation with one of the scientists who helped turn quantum computing from theory into reality. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 00:59 Quantum Supremacy 03:57 Engineer vs. Physicist 07:17 The Feynman Moment 11:16 Scaling Quantum Computing 20:42 From Academia to Industry 28:53 Economics of Quantum36:52 Where the Real Synergies Lie39:36 Consciousness, Language & the Limits of Computation 55:22 Why Progress Still Matters About John Martinis https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-martinis-5856911a6/ https://www.physics.ucsb.edu/people/john-martinis About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosophers and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. NEW BOOK:The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261 https://andersindset.com/ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/ https://www.instagram.com/andersindse thttp://x.com/andersindset

In this episode, Anders Indset speaks with Loïc Henriet, CEO of Pasqal, about quantum computing as it moves from theory into reality. They discuss how quantum technology is leaving the lab, why neutral-atom processors are emerging as a scalable path, and how quantum will complement classical computing and AI rather than replace them. The conversation includes a clear 2026 outlook, explores Europe’s role in technological sovereignty, and opens a philosophical discussion on emergence, responsibility, and what quantum technology could mean for human agency in a world shaped by supercomputing. A focused conversation on quantum advantage, leadership, and what it truly means for breakthrough science to become real. Episode breakdown: 00:00 Introduction 02:11 From Curiosity to Capability 08:01 Between Promise and Reality 13:18 From Lab to Market 18:25 Quantum as a Strategic Asset 25:02 Quantum Meets AI 35:35 Measuring Progress 43:06 Technology, Responsibility and Society 47:31 A Reflective View on Quantum’s Future About Loïc Henriet https://www.linkedin.com/in/lo%C3%AFc-henriet-974b2a53/ About Anders Indset Anders Indset is the world’s leading business philosopher and the author of seven international bestsellers. With recent works such as Ex Machina – The God Experiment and The Singularity Paradox: Bridging the Gap Between Humanity and AI, his thought leadership has expanded far beyond economics and classical philosophy – earning him recognition from leading scientists and technologists, including prominent physicists. As the founder of tomorrowmensch, he invests in breakthrough science and technologies and convenes leading thinkers, investors, and entrepreneurs shaping the future. ⁠https://andersindset.com/⁠⁠ https://tomorrowmensch.com/ ⁠⁠https://www.linkedin.com/in/andersindset/⁠⁠ https://www.instagram.com/andersindset⁠⁠ http://x.com/andersindset⁠ NEW BOOK The Quantum Economy https://andersindset.com/shop/The-Quantum-Economy-p803754261