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Hollywood has been gatekept for decades, but a multi-hyphenate who has appeared in films with Arnold Schwarzenegger and Werner Herzog, co-written a screenplay with Stan Lee, and produced for VH1 and Comedy Central is now building something the studios never could have given him. Victor Varnado, stand-up comedian, actor, filmmaker, National Science Foundation grant recipient, and CEO of Supreme Robot Pictures, spent the pandemic pivoting hard into tech and never looked back. The centerpiece right now is High Score Game Arcade, a global competitive gaming platform he built from scratch, recently showcased at South by Southwest, and is now closing a distribution deal that puts his games in front of over 100 million monthly users across Samsung TVs and beyond. The flagship product, a deceptively deep single-player tic-tac-toe championship with a heuristic scoring engine, is just the beginning. The conversation covers how Victor developed patented accessibility technology to help people with disabilities play video games, got a National Science Foundation grant for it, then watched a company called Infinite Reality buy it with shares right before a failed IPO. He and Christopher Nichols dig into what it actually takes for artists to pay themselves in 2025, the power of the hybrid newsletter and the email list as sustainable revenue engines, and why the Roger Corman model is still the smartest path forward for indie filmmakers. Victor also co-produces the Iron Mule Comedy Film Festival in New York, programming monthly short comedy screenings, and makes a sharp case that the biggest threat from AI is not the technology itself but the people deploying it who do not know what they are doing. Links: Victor Varnado on IMDb > High Score Game Arcade > Iron Mule Comedy Film Festival > Supreme Robot Pictures > The Great Fantasy Debate >  This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "CGGarage" for 10% off)

500 episodes of television is a number that stops people cold, and Jay Worth hit that milestone last year without slowing down. Worth came up through the pressure cooker of Digital Domain's commercial division, survived the 23-episode broadcast grind on J.J. Abrams' Bad Robot slate across Alias, Fringe, Lost, and Cloverfield, and helped define what prestige television VFX looks like on Westworld before most people knew what a volume stage was. Now co-producer on Fallout, he has spent three decades turning budget constraints and impossible schedules into a methodology that the biggest shows in streaming depend on. On Fallout Season 2, Worth breaks down how the show shot entirely in California, brought Raynault VFX in Montreal in for New Vegas, tackled the Deathclaw sequence using fire as the only light source on a volume stage packed with practical snow, and delivered 3,200 shots while staying laser-focused on world-building over spectacle. He also gets into his philosophy of getting into the writer's room on day one, why VFX diplomacy is a craft that needs to be taught, and how he thinks about AI as just another tool in the same way the industry once thought the volume stage would be a magic bullet. Links: Jay Worth on LinkedIn > Jay Worth on IMDB > Fallout Season 2 (Amazon Prime Video) >  Raynault VFX > Magnopus >  Episode 542 - Refuge VFX: How a Portland Boutique Landed Fallout, Shogun, and One Piece > This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "CGGarage" for 10% off)

The job market for visual effects and CG artists has not just contracted, it has fundamentally restructured. The skills that guaranteed a career five years ago are not the skills that will get anyone hired today, and the people who understand that shift most clearly are the ones placing talent for a living. Stan Szymanski and Susan Thurman O'Neal, arguably the two best-known recruiters working in VFX, return to CG Garage to talk with Christopher Nichols and Daniel about what is actually happening in the hiring landscape and what artists at every career stage should be doing about it. The conversation covers the death of the specialist assembly line, the rise of the generalist, and why there are almost no generalists left in the United States. Stan and Susan get specific: what the three open roles Susan is actively recruiting for right now tell us about where the industry is heading, why the recruiter's job today looks more like casting director than HR function, why a medieval history degree may be more valuable to an AI prompter than a Maya certification, and what both of them tell artists who want to resist AI entirely. The framing question underneath all of it is the one Sean Connery asks Kevin Costner in The Untouchables: what are you prepared to do? Links: Stan Szymanski LinkedIn >  Susan Thurman O'Neal LinkedIn > Stan's previous episode (429) > Susan's previous episode (512) > Otis College of Art and Design >  This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)

Portland, Oregon is not where you expect to find a VFX studio with credits on Fallout, One Piece, Shogun, and The Peripheral. Fred Ruff built Refuge VFX there anyway, starting with six freelancers crammed into an office barely big enough to breathe in, and grew it into one of the more interesting independent shops working in streaming today. The secret, if there is one, is that Refuge treats every sequence as a storytelling problem before it is ever a technical problem. On Fallout, they blocked out shots the production couldn't afford to ask for and sent them anyway. On The Peripheral, they redesigned alien characters mid-production to keep a show from looking like a Doctor Who budget episode. That is not how most VFX shops operate, and that difference is the whole point. This conversation with Fred and Alex Theisen, Refuge's Executive Producer, gets into how that philosophy actually runs a business, what the streaming bubble burst felt like from inside a mid-sized independent, and where AI fits into a professional VFX pipeline right now (short answer: not where clients think it does). Fred makes a sharp argument that AI is not making productions cheaper anytime soon, and that the industry's obsession with the cost question is the wrong frame entirely. Daniel Thron co-hosts. Links:  Refuge VFX > Fallout (Amazon Prime Video) > Shōgun (FX/Hulu) > One Piece (Netflix) > The Peripheral (Amazon Prime Video) >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

Most filmmaking tools are built by engineers who have never made a film. Ashay Javadekar has done both. A PhD chemical engineer who directed two internationally awarded independent features on shoestring budgets, he approaches filmmaking the way he approaches any hard system: find the broken process, understand it from first principles, and build something better. Eagle Slate, his iPad-based smart production slate, is the direct result of that instinct. It creates a unique audio-visual fingerprint for every take, embedding metadata directly into camera and audio files with no extra hardware, no cloud upload required, and no handwritten take sheet that someone has to reconcile in post. What makes the conversation with Chris worth your time is the reasoning behind the tool, not just the tool itself. Ashay traces the problem back to where the clapperboard actually came from, why it worked beautifully in the film era, and how the digital transition silently turned a solved problem into a metadata nightmare no one properly fixed. He also explains how Eagle Nest, the companion media-scanning platform, builds a writable metadata lake that connects on-set data directly to NLEs (non-linear editors) and MAMs (media asset management systems), and why he sees this as the opening move in a much larger mission: removing the technical ceiling that stops capable storytellers from iterating fast enough to get good. Links:  Ashay Javadekar >  Ashay on IMDb >  Eagle Studio / Eagle Slate >  Ashay's film "DNA" (2019) >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)

There's a Tuesday night writers group that has quietly shaped the careers of some seriously talented people working in Hollywood right now, and CG Garage is slowly pulling back the curtain on it. Sean Rourke is the second member of that group to come on the show, following Andy Cochrane, and his path through the industry is one of the more unlikely and instructive ones you'll hear. He spent 12 years as Head of Editorial at The Third Floor, the previz studio behind some of the biggest films in production, and he got there by being the only person in the building who remembered how to unjam a three-quarter-inch tape deck. What followed was a career built on dying technology, accidental promotions, and a consistent instinct for being exactly where the creative work was happening. Co-host Daniel Thron and Sean dig into what previz editorial actually is and why it attracts the kind of people who want to direct, how audiences have been quietly rewired by streaming into expecting 10-hour stories and now feel cheated by a 2-hour film, and what AI tools actually look like inside a working production pipeline versus the buzzword version that investors keep funding. Sean also teaches Comic-Con Film School, a four-day filmmaking fundamentals class he has run every year for 20 straight years, and makes a sharp case for why film school still matters even when every specific tool it teaches goes obsolete. And if you follow vampire cinema at all, he runs a YouTube channel called The Vampire's Castle, just scored an interview with Jason Patric about The Lost Boys that has apparently never happened before, and is very pleased about recent awards-season developments. Links:  Sean Rourke / The Vampire's Castle YouTube >  Sean Rourke > The Third Floor (Previz) > Andy Cochrane on CG Garage > Ben Hansford (AI educator, USC) on CG Garage >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)

Most people who end up in VFX spent years obsessing over frames and film. Ryan Kelsey spent 13 years in telecom in Cincinnati, selling fiber and managed IT services, before stumbling into an industry where studios win Oscars and go bankrupt in the same month. That collision of worlds turns out to be exactly the perspective the business needs right now. Ryan is VP of Sales at Center Grid Virtual Studio, and his outsider's eye cuts through a lot of the noise around cloud infrastructure for creative studios. Why are small VFX shops still running overheating GPU racks in their back offices? Why does a freelancer getting a big render job have nowhere obvious to turn? Why does everyone talk about AI compute without knowing what they're actually doing with it? This conversation, recorded live at the HPA (Hollywood Professional Association) Tech Retreat, ranges from the broken economics of fixed-bid VFX work to what a genuinely boutique cloud partner looks like compared to the AWS-sized behemoths, to Chris's teenage son dragging his friends to see Chainsaw Man while the industry insists nobody goes to the movies anymore. Links: Ryan Kelsey LinkedIn > Center Grid Virtual Studio > HPA Tech Retreat >  Scott Ross book > This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

Jess Loren has built one of the most-followed voices in the entertainment technology space on LinkedIn, and she has earned it by calling industry shifts before they become consensus. Her read on Gaussian splats as a genuine production tool, not a novelty, is proving correct. As co-founder of Global Objects and a board member of the Visual Effects Society, Jess has spent the last year turning that conviction into working pipelines: partnering with XGrid as California's media and entertainment distributor, building Go Scout for collaborative splat-based location scouting, and installing a virtual production wall inside ISS (Independent Studio Services) where filmmakers can shoot a full day on LED for $6,000, props included. Recorded live at the HPA (Hollywood Professional Association) Tech Retreat in Palm Springs, this conversation covers why polygons are giving way to splats, how AI is quietly restructuring VFX workflows, the uncomfortable reality of synthetic actors and deepfake-flooded social feeds, and what happens when a research lab asks you to find 40,000 random objects for training data and you realize the answer is a prop house. Jess also breaks down Global Objects' partnership with ISS to digitize the world's largest prop library, creating 3D assets destined for Fab, Turbo Squid, and eventually, robot training sets. //links// Jess Loren on LinkedIn >  Global Objects >  Independent Studio Services (ISS) >  XGrid >  Visual Effects Society >  HPA Tech Retreat >  This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)

Here is a radical idea: what if you rehearsed the movie before you shot it? Not storyboards. Not an animatic. Live actors, real cameras, and actual creative decisions being made in the room. That is what Chris Nichols and Daniel Thron have been doing on June July, and cinematographer Richard Crudo, ASC joined them to find out if it actually works. Richard brings perspective from the Coen Brothers' dime-store ingenuity on Raising Arizona (yes, an Arri 2C strapped to a two-by-four), decades navigating the film-to-digital transition, and a long-standing argument that the industry has built a priesthood around tech complexity that actively gets in the way of the story. What he found in the VidViz sessions was the opposite: a blue screen, a rough key in OBS, and a team moving fast enough to make creative breakthroughs that quietly rewrote the arc of the entire film. One actor's performance changed the screenplay without changing a single line of dialogue. That kind of discovery does not happen in a pipeline. It happens in a room. Links: Monstrous Moonshine >  Richard Crudo's website > Chaos Vantage > Chaos Arena > This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

Why are we still waiting for a green light from people who do not understand our craft? This reality is at the heart of our conversation with Andy Cochrane, a creative who has spent twenty years navigating the collapsing bridges of the entertainment industry. Andy takes us through the trenches of his career, from the grueling 70-hour weeks as a runner on CSI: Miami to the high-stakes visual effects world of Asylum and Terminator Salvation. We discuss the hard realization that being a "button pusher" in a massive pipeline is no longer a safe bet, and why the most vital work is now happening in the "weird stuff" between traditional film and immersive technology. The future of storytelling belongs to the tactical generalists who are willing to build their own labs rather than wait for a studio to discover them. We look at how Markiplier bypassed the traditional, expensive studio marketing machine by leveraging his own fanbase to bring Iron Lung to life, and why artist-driven projects like Everything Everywhere All at Once have become the new blueprint for success. Andy breaks down his current mission in Santa Monica, where he is bypassing traditional distribution models to create "Loud Movies," an open-source medium that prioritizes human experience over corporate commodification. It is a deep dive into why the most important tool in your kit isn't a new piece of software, but the willingness to keep moving while the building collapses around you. The CG Pro Show > Andy Cochrane on LinkedIn > Andy Cochrane on IMDB > Mark Duplass: The Cavalry is not Coming >    This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

The "good enough" era of streaming is hitting a wall, and a new rebellious streak in Hollywood is reclaiming the theater as the primal source of the cinematic experience. We are joined by two veterans navigating this shift: Rob Nederhorst, a VFX supervisor who has shaped the visceral worlds of John Wick 3 and The Conjuring, and Ben Hansford, a prolific commercial director now leading the charge in AI filmmaking at USC. They are not just talking about tech for tech's sake. They are discussing how to move past the "lens test" phase of AI, where everyone is just showing off what the tool can do, and getting back to the actual discipline of telling a story that makes an audience physically flinch. The conversation pivots from the "all-or-nothing" marketing hype of AGI to the practical, gritty reality of modern production budgets. As Netflix-style algorithms push for "dumbed down" content designed for second-screen scrolling, these creators are using tools like VidViz (being championed by Monstrous Moonshine) to fight back. We explore how AI is fundamentally altering the landscape of what is affordable and accessible, allowing independent filmmakers to compete with massive studio footprints. Ultimately, it is a breakdown of why a $35 million set and a toilet paper roll prop are both just tools, and why the only metric that matters at the end of the day is finishing a film that carries a human fingerprint. Monstrous Moonshine's VidViz for June July > "Another" by Dave Clark | AI Horror Film - Rob Nederhorst, Producer and VFX Supervisor > Ben Hansford's website > Rob Nederhorst's website >  Ben Hansford on IMDB > Rob Nederhorst on IMDB >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

If the movies you're seeing lately feel like they were assembled by a committee rather than a creator, you're looking at the wrong side of the lens. We are dusting off a classic format today, leaning into the kind of raw film breakdowns we used to live for. The spotlight is on two heavyweights: Josh Safdie's Marty Supreme and Paul Thomas Anderson's One Battle After Another. Both of these pictures have just locked in Best Picture nominations for the 2026 Academy Awards, and it feels like a signal fire. After years of franchise fatigue and focus-tested safety, we are looking at a lineup that suggests great, uncompromising cinema is finally clawing its way back to the center of the frame. Fair warning: we aren't holding anything back here, so consider this a total spoiler warning. We are going deep into the structure, the endings, and the technical magic tricks that make these films work: from the anxiety-inducing rhythm of Safdie's 1950s ping pong subculture to Anderson's mastery of the long-lens Mojave car chase. This year's nominations feel like a turning point, a collective realization that the audience is hungry for movies that challenge them rather than just pat them on the back. It's a look at why the "cavalry isn't coming" for Hollywood, and why that might be the best news we've heard in decades for anyone who actually cares about the craft of visual storytelling. //links// Monstrous Moonshine > Marty Supreme Trailer > One Battle After Another Trailer > Original Ending of Marty Supreme >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

Long before he was codifying the industry in the VES Handbook, Jeff was a kid in Los Angeles pouring ketchup on his friends to stage fake street fights for a hidden camera. His journey into the heart of cinema began under the mentorship of graphic design icon Saul Bass, where he learned that pushing the right buttons could lead to miraculous results. This foundation in precision and storytelling propelled him from a midnight gopher to the primary "fix-it guy" for landmark projects like The Last Starfighter and Stargate, ultimately leading to his pivotal role in founding the Visual Effects Society Awards. Beyond the technical wizardry and stories of killing Samuel L. Jackson on screen, Jeff offers a raw look at the systemic struggles within the visual effects industry. He explores the "kerfuffle" of 2013, the complexities of global unionization, and the rising tide of AI in the creative process. By advocating for a heist mentality where every shot is planned with surgical precision before a single frame is captured, he provides a roadmap for a more sustainable and respected future for artists in a "fix it in post" world. Jeff Okun on IMDB > The Visual Effects Society page > Press release announcing VFX Handbook >  VFX Handbook order page >  Press release announcing special honorees for upcoming VES Awards >  Press release announcing nominees for upcoming VES Awards >  Press release announcing new VES Board Executive Committee leaders >  This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

Josh Safdie's Marty Supreme transports audiences to a vibrant 1950s world of professional ping pong, yet many viewers remain unaware that the film contains over 500 visual effects shots. Eran Dinur, the film's VFX Supervisor, reveals how his team meticulously recreated period accurate crowds in Tokyo and Wembley while keeping the digital work entirely "invisible." He views his role as a bridge between the filmmaker's vision and the technical reality on set, ensuring that every digital element supports the story without drawing attention to itself. For Eran, the ultimate compliment is a viewer who walks out of the theater believing every single frame was captured in camera. The transition into high end visual effects was an unlikely one for Eran, who spent fifteen years as a classical music composer before a random software download steered him toward ILM and eventually the Safdie Brothers. This musical background provides a unique perspective on the rhythm and "choreography" of effects, whether he is timing CG ping pong balls to Timothée Chalamet's performance or animating the surreal openings of Uncut Gems. Beyond the technical craft, he addresses the current industry backlash against CGI and the marketing trends that prioritize "practical only" narratives. He also offers a practical look at the future of AI in cinema, arguing that tools are only as good as the control an artist has over them. Eran Dinur on IMDB > Eran Dinur's website >  Marty Supreme Trailer > Marty Supreme Wikipedia > The Filmmaker's Guide to Visual Effects: The Art and Technique of VFX for Directors, Producers, Editors and Cinematographers by Eran Dinur > The Complete Guide to Photorealism for Visual Effects, Visualization and Games: For Visual Effects, Visualization and Games by Eran Dinur >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)  

What happens when a filmmaker abandons a studio career on Saving Private Ryan and a PhD in history to create a film so challenging it is rejected by both Israeli and Arab film festivals? Michael Moshe Dahan joins the podcast to discuss Yes, Repeat, No, a meta-fictional deep dive into the life of actor-activist Juliano Mer-Khamis. By casting Palestinian, Israeli, and Lebanese actors to play different facets of the same man within a "rehearsal as performance" framework, Dahan explores the fluidity of identity and the tragedy of hardened political stances. This episode navigates the delicate "middle ground" of the Middle East conflict, focusing on the human friction that exists before ideologies take hold. Technically, Dahan breaks down the "weird and technical" mechanics of the shoot, including a four-camera multi-cam setup on a rotating stage where the cameras never stopped rolling. The discussion covers the sonic syncopation of sharp heels and metronomes, the influence of Freud's screen memories, and the philosophy of teaching the "history of the future" rather than the past. We also explore the future of independent cinema in an algorithm-driven world and Dahan's "AI curiosity," as he looks toward new tools to recapture the audience's imagination and bypass traditional studio gatekeepers. Yes Repeat No official website > Where to watch Yes Repeat No > Michael Dahan on IMDB > Synecdoche, New York (2008) Trailer > The Little Drummer Girl (1984) Trailer >   This episode is sponsored by: Center Grid Virtual Studio Kitbash 3D (Use promocode "cggarage" for 10% off)