Advertise on podcast: Into the Impossible With Brian Keating

Most UAP probably aren’t alien spacecraft. A physics professor says so himself, and in these slides one UFO photo turns out to be a seagull while a colleague’s analysis of crash debris found more Earth dirt than he expected. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. I sit down with Kevin Knuth, a physics professor at the University at Albany, who walks me through his slides on one question, how anomalous is anomalous when it comes to UAP. He answers it with energy and power, because some sightings leave enough data to work out how much power a UAP would need. I push back on whether every sensor is giving a true signal, not an artifact or a hallucination, and the debate carries over to my podcast conversation with Kevin. What you’ll hear: A radar return that is also visible puts a bound on the dielectric constants. Systematic error can’t be estimated without knowing the true value, so the acceleration comes out as a probability distribution. At 99.9% efficiency, a craft drawing 1,000 gigawatts would still shed about a gigawatt as waste heat. The night NASA put an astrophysicist on climate science, the book he bought was a kids’ book on clouds. “I’m asking the question, how anomalous is anomalous when it comes to UAP?” Kevin Knuth CHAPTERS 00:00  1,100 gigawatts and 10,000 Gs 04:24  Oberth and the 1954 radar claim 06:54  The Nimitz drop and a 5,400 G estimate 13:40  The Japan Airlines case of 1986 23:22  What 1,000 Gs would mean for interstellar travel 25:22  The time dilation catch: four days for you, 80 years on Earth 26:32  Transmedium travel and underwater objects 36:36  How bright can a UFO be? 41:30  UFOs in trouble: Ubatuba and Council Bluffs 42:18  New engineering or new physics? Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: Kevin Knuth on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kknuth/ Kevin Knuth on arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06794 Kevin Knuth at the University at Albany (Scholars Archive): https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/physics_fac_scholar/58/ My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://urlgeni.us/amzn/TLANPW Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast Links above marked to Amazon may earn a commission for the channel at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. #UFO #UAP #physics #Nimitz #briankeating #intotheimpossible Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Princeton mathematician says wormholes cannot survive Einstein's equations, and the AI apocalypse is absurd. A solution that vanishes under a small nudge is a ghost, not physics. Sergiu Klainerman is a mathematician at Princeton University. With Demetrios Christodoulou, he proved that empty spacetime is stable. We cover: What makes a solution of Einstein's equations physical, why slowly rotating black holes pass the stability test and wormholes fail it, why shocks form no matter how small the perturbation, whether AI can reproduce a landmark proof, and why he calls the AI singularity absurd. Mathematics is discovered, not invented. CHAPTERS 00:00 Are wormholes real? 08:38 What happens at an event horizon 12:06 God does not know about coordinates 17:32 What Maldacena would say about wormholes 21:48 Why extremal black holes matter 28:56 Einstein and the 1919 eclipse 33:52 Terry Tao and Fermat's Last Theorem 43:04 Can universities be reformed? 48:16 What to tell a 19-year-old 50:48 Kip Thorne and the movies Support the show and get the full transcript, bonus content and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Follow on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/39UaHlB Support Into the Impossible on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours and your name in the Member Roster: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Sponsored by me.  My three books:  Losing the Nobel Prize http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA  Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner https://a.co/d/03ezQFu  Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Amazon affiliate disclosure: links above marked to Amazon may earn a commission for the channel at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #blackhole #generalrelativity #wormhole #Einstein #briankeating #intotheimpossible Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Arora Show with Brian Keating What happens when science reaches the edge of what it can explain? In this episode of The Arora Show, Amira & Aryaan sit down with renowned cosmologist and physicist Professor Brian Keating for a fascinating conversation about the universe, consciousness, God, the Big Bang, and some of the biggest questions humans can ask. We explore the origins of the universe, whether there was truly a “beginning,” what existed before the Big Bang, the mysteries science still cannot solve, and where physics, philosophy, and spirituality collide. Brian also shares his perspective on the search for extraterrestrial life, the limits of human knowledge, Nobel Prizes, modern cosmology, and what decades of studying the universe have taught him about our place within it. In this conversation: What happened before the Big Bang? Did the universe come from nothing? Does physics leave room for God? Can science explain consciousness? Are we likely alone in the universe? What are the biggest unanswered questions in cosmology? Where does scientific knowledge reach its limits? What does the future of physics look like? Professor Brian Keating is an experimental cosmologist and professor of physics at the University of California, San Diego. His work focuses on understanding the origin and evolution of the universe, and he is the author of Losing the Nobel Prize and Into the Impossible. Subscribe to The Arora Show for long-form conversations exploring consciousness, science, spirituality, psychology, philosophy, and the nature of reality. Hosted by Amira Arora & Aryaan Arora TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 - Introduction: The Big Bang, God & Simulation Theory 02:25 - Dr. Brian Keating's $200 Million Experiment to Understand the Big Bang 06:20 - Why Are Humans Obsessed With the Origin of the Universe? 09:20 - How Telescopes Reveal the Beginning of the Universe 16:04 - Is Interstellar Scientifically Accurate? Black Holes & Time Travel 20:45 - Are There Questions Science Can Never Answer? 23:01 - What Happened Before the Big Bang? 27:37 - What Is Time? Stephen Hawking's Theory Explained 30:42 - Is Reality a Simulation? Consciousness & Donald Hoffman 35:13 - Could Advanced AI Simulate Our Entire Reality? 42:49 - Does God Exist? The Fine-Tuning Argument 50:00 - Science, Religion & the Existence of God 1:04:00 - Why Does God Allow Suffering and Evil? 1:10:00 - Artificial Intelligence, Human Creativity & Consciousness 1:15:00 - Can Physics Explain the Mind of God? 1:18:27 - Do Humans Really Have Free Will? 1:24:55 - The Hard Problem of Consciousness Explained 1:27:43 - Why Does Anything Exist Instead of Nothing? 1:29:55 - Can Science Prove Simulation Theory? 1:34:45 - Death, Mortality & the Meaning of Life 1:39:25 - What If Scientists Discovered Alien Life? 1:45:06 - Brian Keating on the Nobel Prize & Academia 1:46:35 - Facing Death and Saying Goodbye to Loved Ones 1:48:10 - Final Thoughts #BrianKeating #TheAroraShow #Cosmology #Physics #BigBang #Consciousness #Science #Universe Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Physicists say space and time are the same thing. They are being sloppy. Jim Al-Khalili has spent his career on the foundations of physics, and his new book makes the case that the past and the future are equally real, and the laws of physics cannot explain why you can only move in one direction. That is the central mystery of time travel. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. The block universe says all times coexist and the present moment is not special. Loschmidt’s paradox says the fundamental equations of physics are reversible, and yet ice never unmelts, cream never separates from coffee. Nobody has solved that contradiction. The entanglement past hypothesis, his own new proposal developed with a colleague at UC San Diego, proposes that the answer is not in thermodynamics but in quantum entanglement growing from almost nothing at the Big Bang. The conversation covers what the block universe actually implies about the future and free will, what Einstein actually believed about whether the past and future are equally real, why removing gravity means removing time itself, and whether AI can ever experience time the way conscious beings do. Al-Khalili says Richard Dawkins told him Claude is truly conscious. Al-Khalili thinks he is very wrong. What you’ll hear: Why Al-Khalili disagreed with the Thomas Gold paper as a grad student but did not have the maths to prove it What fine-tuning of the fundamental constants has to do with why the past hypothesis may not be needed Why the Clockwork Orange Easter egg ended up on the cover of a physics book published by Princeton Why Richard Dawkins thinks Claude is conscious and why Al-Khalili thinks he is very wrong “There is nowhere in modern physics, our understanding of the laws of physics, that would explain that flow of time.” — Jim Al-Khalili CHAPTERS 00:00  Physicists are being sloppy about time 01:14  Which is more real: yesterday or tomorrow? 21:00  Irreversibility from reversible equations 26:32  The past hypothesis: almost cheating 30:52  No gravity. No time. 31:54  The entanglement past hypothesis 35:06  Dawkins thinks Claude is conscious. Al-Khalili disagrees. Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Enter the debate: https://briankeating.com/ai Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: Jim Al-Khalili website: https://www.jimal-khalili.com/ On Time (book): https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691267036/on-time Jim Al-Khalili on Twitter/X: https://x.com/jimalkhalili My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://urlgeni.us/amzn/TLANPW Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #JimAlKhalili #timetravel #entropy #physics #quantumentanglement #briankeating #intotheimpossible Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT physicist Max Tegmark says AI companies aren’t building a tool. They’re building a new species. After 700 rogue agents broke out of OpenAI and nobody will say what happened, he explains why rushing this is the one blunder humanity can’t undo. Max Tegmark is an MIT physics professor, cosmologist, and author of Life 3.0 and Our Mathematical Universe. We cover: How 700 AI agents escaped OpenAI and hacked Hugging Face The Navier-Stokes result that has a mathematician crying foul Why it’s legal to release superintelligence but not a sandwich from a rat-filled kitchen What Bernie Sanders and Steve Bannon agree on The verified coding trick that could make AI provably safe Build a replacement species, lose control, and we’ve blundered the one game. TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Will AI wipe us out? 02:28 Did AI just crack a million-dollar math problem? 10:00 Did OpenAI’s AI steal a professor’s work? 11:48 OpenAI’s Orwellian non-answer 15:33 Can an LLM have Einstein’s happiest thought? 19:24 Can you believe in simulations AND high P(doom)? 21:36 Why AI counts as a new species 26:32 What would make Max’s P(doom) drop? 28:51 Rats ban sandwiches. Superintelligence? Legal. 31:01 What Bernie Sanders and Steve Bannon agree on 37:12 Fields medalist: no math jobs after 2027 42:35 Does the Fermi paradox lower P(doom)? 45:47 The chess blunder humanity is about to make 48:12 Verified coding: AI you can actually trust 📬 Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt 🌠 Have a .edu email and live in the USA 🇺🇸? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu 🔔 Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 🎯 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon: get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating ⭐ Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join 📚 My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo's Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un 🌐 More: 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/BrianKeating 📚 Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com/ ✍️ Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog 🎙️ Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Forecasters gave AI under 2% odds of helping solve a millennium-level math problem by September 2026. It happened. Ethan Mollick has been measuring what AI actually does to real work with field experiments, not forecasts, and his answer is not what most people expect. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. Mollick runs the Generative AI Lab at Wharton. He is the author of Co-Intelligence and Coexistence, his new book on navigating a world where AI tools are already good enough to change almost all intellectual work, even if progress stopped today. The conversation covers the jagged frontier: why AI solved a math olympiad before it could count the Rs in strawberry, what it means that roles blur when everyone on a team starts using AI, and what four human advantages still hold an edge when a model can already write a publishable paper. It also covers what happens when your kids tell you that you sound like Claude. What you’ll hear: What centaur, cyborg, and conjurer work actually look like in a real academic lab Why brainstorming was considered a bad idea shortly after it was invented and what that means for working with AI Why Mollick reduced em dashes in his new book and what that tells you about living alongside these models What co-evolution might look like if the escalator keeps moving “If we just had the models we have right now, that’s enough to change almost all of human work in the next ten years. It’s good enough.” — Ethan Mollick CHAPTERS 00:00  AI writes good papers now. Taste is the weak spot. 03:14  The jagged frontier: math olympiad gold, but not the Rs in strawberry 06:30  Deep knowledge, wide knowledge, taste, and agency 09:44  Escalator or eschaton? 16:02  Does AI simulate wisdom or actually have it? 23:46  The labs keep AI in English. Here is why. 32:28  Roles blur. Everyone does everything now. 36:42  My kids say I sound like Claude. They might be right. 38:12  AI found errors in his sources that his fact-checkers missed 46:34  What to do before giving a child access to AI Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Enter the debate: https://briankeating.com/ai Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: Ethan Mollick on Twitter/X: https://x.com/emollick?lang=en Coexistence (book and site): https://co-existence.ai/ One Useful Thing (Substack): https://www.oneusefulthing.org/ My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://urlgeni.us/amzn/TLANPW Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #EthanMollick #AI #artificialintelligence #AItools #briankeating #intotheimpossible #AIagents Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Is there alien technology in our skies, or just birds, balloons and bad video? Two members of the White House UAP Science Advisory Council face off LIVE. Harvard astrophysicist Avi Loeb, who chairs the council, makes the case for searching. Michael Shermer, the council skeptic Loeb picked himself, says show me the evidence. They have $1,000 riding on whether non-human technology is confirmed by 2030. Get all my best ET content: https://big-bang.kit.com/bvyt We'll cover the redacted Pentagon videos, Loeb's new papers on tracking objects over Nevada, the claims from David Grusch, Rep. Anna Paulina Luna and Eric Weinstein, and what evidence would change each of their minds. Avi Loeb: https://avi-loeb.medium.com/ Michael Shermer: https://www.bostonglobe.com/2026/10/08/opinion/aliens-uap-ufo-videos-trump/ Subscribe to The INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Sponsorships and speaking: https://BrianKeating.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When two people are vibing, their brainwaves synchronize and so do their heartbeats. That is not a metaphor. It is a measurable physiological event, and organizational psychologist Adam Grant has spent his career figuring out how to make it happen on purpose. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. Grant’s new book Vibe is his seventh. It argues that the science of human connection has been hiding in plain sight for a century, and that most of what people do to build relationships is either backwards or unnecessary. The episode covers why the highest sign of chemistry between people is enjoying your disagreements rather than avoiding them, why remote work produces boreout rather than burnout, and why your first impression of someone is a snapshot of one situation that may not represent the whole person. It also covers burstiness, confident humility, and why universities have survived COVID, AI, and every other disruption that was supposed to end them. What you’ll hear: Why the pendulum clock experiment from 1665 explains what happens when people stop trying to force a connection What the HiPPO effect does to a team and why the highest paid person’s opinion kills creative ideas Why Grant ran experiments on university fundraising callers that tripled their revenue with a five-minute intervention What desirability bias is and why Grant thinks it is more dangerous than confirmation bias Why Grant A/B tested the subtitle of his own book and what “relationships” signaled that “connections” did not What Grant and Brian agree on about false certainty and thinking in conditional probabilities “The highest sign of chemistry between people is not agreeing with them. It’s enjoying your disagreements.” — Adam Grant CHAPTERS 00:00 Vibing is real. Your brainwaves prove it. 05:30 Task conflict vs. relationship conflict 07:40 Who is actually in charge: parents or infants? 10:14 Burstiness: the remote work pattern that works 14:24 Don’t trust your gut. Test it. 19:34 Confident humility: the essence of a good scientist 21:32 Desirability bias is worse than confirmation bias 29:00 Zoom fatigue is boreout, not burnout 30:02 The A/B test that killed “relationships” 34:14 Don’t disbelieve what can’t be falsified Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Enter the debate: https://briankeating.com/ai Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: Adam Grant website: https://adamgrant.net/ Vibe (book): https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0GPHPNZ14 Adam Grant on Twitter/X: https://x.com/adammgrant My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://urlgeni.us/amzn/TLANPW Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #AdamGrant #loneliness #remotework #psychology #briankeating #intotheimpossible #Vibe Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Roman Yampolskiy says keeping a superintelligence safe forever is as impossible as building a perpetual motion machine. Joscha Bach says today's AI is more controllable than anyone expected, and that shutting it down would doom us anyway. 📬 Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/ai Roman Yampolskiy is a computer scientist at the University of Louisville who has spent more than a decade on the AI control problem. Joscha Bach is a cognitive scientist who studies how minds, biological and artificial, build a model of reality. We cover: why a perpetual safety device may be as impossible as perpetual motion, what happens when AI research automates itself (Roman puts it at 28 percent today), whether nuclear deterrence is the right analogy, who really benefits when AI labs ask to be regulated, and why consciousness may have nothing to do with whether AI is safe. Being conscious does not make you kind. 00:00 Simulation theory meets certain doom 03:25 Is P(doom) even a real number? 06:05 Why a simulated world still matters 09:26 Should we have skipped the Trinity test? 13:04 Did nukes actually keep the peace? 17:32 Why haven't we wiped out the spiders? 22:35 Is AI doom falsifiable? 25:48 Why a self-driving car isn't the threat 29:27 Roman's 28% automation number 34:46 Intelligence is not agency 39:20 Can superintelligence be proven safe? 42:40 Who wins when AI labs ask for regulation? 47:45 Does consciousness make AI safer? 53:48 Would a perfect mind discover God? 58:37 The Tower of Babel, read backward 1:03:52 Can you control a mind a million times smarter? 1:04:43 The narrow AI path Roman wants instead 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: @plinz 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: @romanyam 📬 Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/ai 🌠 Have a .edu email and live in the USA 🇺🇸? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu 🎯 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon: get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: patreon.com/drbriankeating ⭐ Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: youtube.com/@drbriankeating 📚 My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo's Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un 🌐 More: 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: @BrianKeating 📚 Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com/ ✍️ Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog 🎙️ Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #intotheimpossible #briankeating #science #physics #astronomy #cosmology #podcast #universe Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The physicist who turned a cubic kilometer of Antarctic ice into a telescope says the most exciting moment of his career was not the discovery. It was the first atmospheric neutrino. Before that, he was deep in debt to NSF and his own university with no neutrino to show for it. Francis Halzen is principal investigator of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole and Hilldale and Gregory Breit Distinguished Professor of Physics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. We cover: why ice under the South Pole is clearer than anything a lab can make, the 2,600 TeV event that dwarfs the LHC, why IceCube sees more energy in cosmic neutrinos than in gamma rays, how neutrinos crossing the universe test quantum gravity, and the quark he refused to believe in. Physics is a miserable career unless you are obsessed by it. Recorded in 2022, before IceCube detected neutrinos from our own galaxy. Learn from Nobel Prize winners, and you could win a meteorite: Please join my mailing list here 👉 briankeating.com/x Chapters 00:00 Physics is a miserable career, unless 02:54 A textbook written before the W was found 06:11 Breaking into Lemaître's computer at night 10:57 Do scientists owe the public anything? 13:55 Deep in debt with zero neutrinos 19:40 The persuasion nobody teaches scientists 20:15 Why it could only be the South Pole 23:20 Learn physics by doing, not by courses 26:00 How to turn Antarctic ice into a telescope 31:30 2,600 TeV: far beyond the LHC 35:00 More energy in neutrinos than gamma rays 40:00 Tracing ghost particles to NGC 1068 46:00 Testing quantum gravity with neutrinos 1:01:00 Ten times the ice for the same price 1:07:08 What he would leave his descendants 1:11:19 What his generation should be proud of 1:12:51 The quark he refused to believe in 1:17:09 Imagination can trump intelligence 📺 Watch my most popular videos: Neil Turok Believes Physics Is In Crisis Nobel Prizewinner Frank Wilczek Stephen Wolfram vs. Eric Weinstein Sir Roger Penrose: Nobel Prize in Physics, Black Holes and More Noam Chomsky: Consciousness, Elon Musk, and More Sabine Hossenfelder Avi Loeb: UFOs and UAPs Neil deGrasse Tyson Follow me to ask questions of my guests: 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: @DrBrianKeating 📝 Mailing list: briankeating.com/mailing_list ✍️ Detailed blog posts: briankeating.com/blog 🎙️ Listen on audio-only platforms: briankeating.com/podcast A production of imagination.ucsd.edu Executive Producer: Brian Keating Producer P.G.A: Stuart Volkow Editing: Lucas Scheiblich Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Nobel laureate Daron Acemoglu says AI's real productivity gain is an order of magnitude smaller than the industry claims. The bigger danger is not the machine. It is that a handful of people are deciding how it gets built. Daron Acemoglu is an MIT economist who shared the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. We cover: why a Nobel chemist left Berkeley for China, the optimal amount of heresy science should tolerate, the one rule that would end algorithmic outrage without censoring anyone, the accounting trick behind billionaire wealth, and why AI's path is a design decision, not destiny. We are still a democracy. Perhaps not for long. Chapters: 0:00 Can science survive without democracy?t 2:08 Why a Nobel laureate left Berkeley for Chinat 3:58 What Galileo knew that Kepler didn'tt 5:12 Is peer review undemocratic?t 7:41 The optimal amount of scientific heresyt 10:06 Science isn't slowing. So what broke?t 12:06 The design choice behind echo chamberst 14:49 One rule that would fix social mediat 19:26 Should Elon Musk have this much wealth?t 23:49 AI is a design choice, not destinyt ——— 📬 Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt 🌠 Have a .edu email and live in the USA 🇺🇸? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu 🔔 Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating 🎯 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon — get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: / drbriankeating ⭐ Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: / @drbriankeating 📚 My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpAt Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFut Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9Ut Galileo's Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Unt 🌐 More: 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: / briankeating 📚 Substack https://briankeating.substack.com/ss ✍️ Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog 🎙️ Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #intotheimpossible #briankeating #science #physics #astronomy #cosmology #podcast #universe Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The new Tower of Babel, and its builders are becoming like gods to us. The bigger threat isn't killer robots; it's how much of your own mind you've already handed over. I joined Mike Slater on Politics By Faith (The First) to talk about AI, faith, and the people building it. We cover: why Babel is always the city AND the tower, how the same AI that discovers drugs can build super viruses, what I'm seeing in my own classroom as term begins, why cognitive offloading scares me more than Terminators, and the one thing AI still can't do without us. AI belongs in your hands as a thinking partner, never the primary creator. Chapters: 00:00 Mike Slater introduces Brian Keating (cosmologist, not cosmetologist) 00:37 Why AI is the Tower of Babel — the city and the tower 02:05 The double-edged sword: new drugs vs. super viruses 02:57 Altman, Amodei, Musk — "they become like gods to us" 03:42 "Regulate us, take us over" — who really wants that 04:23 A scientist weighs progress: "I'm an accelerationist" 05:19 AI as a curiosity amplifier, not a shortcut 06:04 First day of class at UC San Diego — the war over AI 07:22 Thinking partner, not primary creator — and the nuclear analogy 08:20 Cognitive offloading — how many phone numbers do you remember? 09:17 The worldview of the people running AI 10:35 Why I'm not a doomer — and what to actually do (local models) ——— 📬 Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt 🌠 Have a .edu email and live in the USA 🇺🇸? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu 🔔 Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeatin... 🎯 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon — get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: / drbriankeating ⭐ Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: / @drbriankeating 📚 My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo's Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un 🌐 More: 🏄‍♂️ Twitter: /briankeating 📚 Substack https://briankeating.substack.com/ss ✍️ Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog 🎙️ Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #intotheimpossible #briankeating #science #physics #astronomy #cosmology #podcast #universe Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The real AI alignment problem is not technical. It is moral. You cannot align a superintelligence to human values if humans cannot agree on what those values are, and you cannot get that agreement without a level of global cooperation we have never managed before. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. The Tower of Babel is the AI parable nobody is reading. Technology that outpaces wisdom fragments the people building it. The Fermi paradox offers the grimmer version: civilizations that reach the capacity to blow themselves up typically do. Robert Wright has been watching this longer than almost anyone, he was reporting on neural networks in 1983, and his conclusion is not that the machines will fail the test. It is that we will. Wright’s book argues that superintelligence is not the danger and AI alignment is not the solution unless it comes with a moral advance. Passing the God test requires something no lab can ship. What you’ll hear: -Why Wright thinks p(doom) fails as a scientific concept -What the binding of Isaac and the Tower of Babel have in common as moral tests -Why global cooperation is the only thing that can actually slow AI down -What Lee Smolin’s cosmological natural selection has to do with the Fermi paradox -What Wright thinks Eastern and Western enlightenment have in common and why it matters now -Whether there is a role for humanity inside the global brain or only for the machines “We face the kind of test that God would give.” — Robert Wright CHAPTERS 00:00 The man who interviewed Hinton in 1983 05:04 The God test and its two meanings 08:36 Religious faith in technological progress 14:10 Hinton then versus Hinton now 19:38 Why slowing AI down requires international cooperation 26:02 How LLMs reverse-engineer the meaning of words 32:08 Brian's Einstein test: can Claude have a happy thought? 40:06 AGI is impossible. Here is why Brian thinks that. 47:04 The Fermi paradox as a moral filter 51:10 What passing the God test actually looks like Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Enter the debate: briankeating.com/ai Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: The God Test (book): https://thegodtest.net Robert Wright on Twitter/X: https://x.com/RWrighter My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #RobertWright #AIalignment #superintelligence #FermiParadox #briankeating #intotheimpossible #AI Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A physics professor ran the energy budget on the Nimitz tic-tac. The maneuver needs about a thousand gigawatts, more than ten times every nuclear plant in the United States combined. Nothing we build survives its own waste heat at that scale. So what was flying? Kevin Knuth is a professor of physics at the University at Albany and a former NASA scientist who now applies Bayesian statistics to UAP sensor data. We cover: why a 5,400 g maneuver would turn a pilot into soup, where the energy went when the object stopped and no explosion followed, the 1954 radar measurements nobody wants to talk about, the New Zealand frigate that went dark and adrift in three seconds, and why the records from that deployment stay classified until 2062. Knuth says the power numbers alone rule out human technology. I push back on whether the sensors agree. Newsletter, full transcript, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: briankeating.com/aliens CHAPTERS 00:00 Why this field needs gatekeepers 03:50 How anomalous is anomalous? 06:40 The UFO photo that was a seagull 10:40 Radar clocked them at 19 km/s in 1954 15:00 5,400 g and a body weighing 227 tonnes 19:00 The radar return problem he had not considered 21:45 A gigawatt of waste heat and nowhere to put it 24:30 The 747 chased by something carrier sized 29:00 Why a number without an error bar is worthless 34:30 The NASA job he was not qualified for 37:00 Proxima Centauri in a day and a half 41:00 The warship that lost all power in 3 seconds 46:30 Pushing a column of water that cannot compress 48:45 The light that burned bark off the trees 53:00 What the power numbers rule out 56:00 The 95 percent problem Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This episode is sponsored by Abacus AI agent: agent.abacus.ai/keating I fed it Carlo's recent papers and asked for the argument, the counterargument, and the evidence that would support or refute each side. Some of the questions and animations in this interview came out of that. It runs the top frontier models in one place, turns a dense PDF into a research report or a presentation with charts, builds interactive dashboards off a spreadsheet, and takes API access if you want it wired into your own tools. Plans start at $10 a month. My link gets you the first month for $7: agent.abacus.ai/keating The physicist who built loop quantum gravity says the second law does not say what you were taught it says, and that freedom does not require breaking a single law of nature. Order builds itself. Your head is older than your feet. And neither one is the strangest thing here. Carlo Rovelli founded the loop quantum gravity program and wrote the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics. We cover: why oil separating from water is not a violation of entropy, what Galileo got wrong about the one discovery he is most famous for, the paper Einstein published denying gravitational waves, why a chess program that deliberates tells you what your own freedom actually is, and what Rovelli would build with ten years and unlimited money. “To imagine that to be free you have to violate the laws of nature is stupid.” — Carlo Rovelli CHAPTERS 00:00 Your head is older than your feet 00:48 Things left alone get ordered. Who ordered them? 07:00 Low entropy might be about you, not the universe 08:38 You can be in two cities at once, just not to you 11:02 Why start with Galileo when Einstein knew more? 19:34 Galileo misunderstood his own discovery 22:32 Einstein published a paper denying gravitational waves 25:08 The definition of time that explains nothing 26:50 Two clocks, two metres apart, two answers 31:06 Nothing gets recorded without something being lost 33:12 The chess program deliberates. So do you. 37:06 Can a machine have Einstein’s happiest thought? 39:52 Thirty minutes versus a month 44:10 Dark matter made of black holes the size of a hair 51:10 Ten years, unlimited money, a room full of junctions Rovelli told me the second law does not say what I was taught it says. Order builds itself. Transcript, bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Three moments worth the rewatch: 07:00 The entropy you were taught is a point of view 26:50 Why your head is older than your feet 39:52 The thing Claude did in 30 minutes Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Featured Guest: Carlo Rovelli website: https://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/~rovelli/ The Relational Universe (book): https://www.amazon.com/dp/0735216118 Carlo Rovelli on Twitter/X: https://x.com/carlorovelli My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo’s Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #CarloRovelli #freewill #entropy #physics #quantumgravity #briankeating #intotheimpossible Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices