Advertise on podcast: Serious Chinese Conversation 中文不轻松

I give a short English description of how you can study the words in the podcast before listening, much more conveniently and effectively than the present word list situation. You'll need to buy the flashcards component in the pleco app first. I recommend buying the pleco professional bundle which includes this but you can buy it on its own.

All the following words can be conveniently downloaded as a flashcard study set to pleco at this link - https://www.plecoforums.com/threads/serious-chinese-conversation-%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%91%98%E5%88%B0%E5%BA%95%E6%98%AF%E5%95%A5.6805/ 共产党员 CPC member gong4 chan3 dang3 yuan2 弟 little brother di4 入党 join the CPC ru4 dang3 提交 submit ti2 jiao1 申请  apply for shen1 qing3 申请书 written applicationn shen1 qing3 shu1 党费 party membership fee dang3 fei4 范围 scope fan4 wei2 政府 government zheng4 fu3 单位 work place dan1 wei4 优势 advantage you1 shi4 政策 policy zheng4 ce4 丢掉 lose/discard diu1 diao4 万一 what if...  ; just in case wan4 yi1 签个到 sign in qian1 ge dao4 强国 powerful nation qiang2 guo2 富强 prosperous and strong (of a country) and one of the 12 communist pillars of China fu4 qiang2 限制 restriction; limit xian4 zhi4 弊端 pitfall; disadvantage bi4 duan1 大舅妈 Great aunt (wife of mother's brother) da4 jiu4 ma1 组织 organise zu3 zhi1 浓重 strong (of colours, accent, flavour etc) nong2 zhong4 色彩 characteristic se4 cai3 洗脑 brainwash xi3 nao3 间谍 a spy jian4 die2 发表 publish (a statement, article etc. but not a book) fa1 biao3 集体 collective ji2 ti3 思想 mentality; idealogy si1 xiang3 杭州 Hangzhou (a place about an hr train from Shanghai) hang2 zhou1 书记 secretary shu1 ji4 排除 get rid of pai2 chu2 惩罚 punish; penalise cheng2 fa2 拘留 detention; detain ju1 liu2 党籍 party membership dang3 ji2 政治学家 politician zheng4 zhi4 xue2 jia1 认同 approval; acknowledgement ren4 tong2 多多少少 to some extent; more or less duo1 duo1 shao3 shao3 背景 background (both physical eg. scenery and abstract eg. nationality) bei4 jing3 主意 idea zhu3 yi5 哪怕 even if; even though na3 pa4 场合 occasion; situation chang3 he2 几率 probablity; chance ji1 lv4 端正 correct eg. correct thinking / posture; to rectify duan1 zheng4 名额限制 person limit ming2 e2 xian4 zhi4 电瓶车 electric vesper (main way of getting around in China) dian4 ping2 che1 限速 speed limit xian4 su4 交通事故 traffic accident jiao1 tong1 shi4 gu4 概率 probability gai4 lv4 过滤 to filter (abstract and physical) guo4 lv4 媒体 media mei2 ti3 观点 point of view guan1 dian3 志愿者 volunteer zhi4 yuan4 zhe3 对应 corresponding; equivalent to dui4 ying4

From the book Tales and Traditions by Yun Xiao, Ying Wang, Hui Xiao, WenJie Lu

恐怖分子 terrorist kǒngbùfènzǐ 恐怖主义 terrorism kǒngbùzhǔyì 现象 phenomenon xiànxiàng 世界 world shìjiè 厉害 very bad; amazing lìhai 首先 first shǒuxiān (different to 第一), often followed by　其次或者然后 大型 large-scale dàxíng 小型 small-scale xiǎoxíng 事件 incident shìjiàn 九幺幺 9/11 jiǔyāoyāo (it is never referred to as　九一一 or 9月11号） 纽约 New York niúyuē 世贸中心 The World Trade Centre shìmàozhōngxīn 袭击 surprise attack xíjī 教科书 textbook jiàokēshū 频繁 frequent pínfán 记载 to record; a record (of something) jìzǎi 涉及 touch upon shèjí 谈论 debate; discuss tánlùn 全球 whole world quánqiú 范围 scope fànwéi 重大 major; significant zhòngdà 中东 The Middle East  zhōngdōng 石油 oil shíyóu 胡乱 messy (of clothes and society); reckless húluàn 管理 to deal with guǎnlǐ 严格 strict yángé (the 格 is often omitted) 缺乏 lack quēfá 不能够 unable to bùnénggòu 携带 carry; take with you xiédài  枪支 firearms qiāngzhī 合法 legal héfǎ 居民 resident jūmín 权利 right (eg. human right) quánlì 民主 democracy mínzhǔ 民主转正 democratic reform (China's form of democracy so to speak) mínzhǔzhuǎnzhèng 自由 freedom zìyóu 崇尚 uphold; advocate chóngxiàng 崇拜 worship; adore chóngbài 自由女神像 Statue of Liberty zìyóunǚshénxiàng 人权 Human Rights rénquán 掌握 know well; to master zhǎngwò 砍掉 chop off kǎndiào 比喻 analogy bǐyù 抢劫 rob qiǎngjié 穆斯林 Muslim mùsīlín 从事 to engage in cóngshì 有组织的 organised yǒuzǔzhīde 有规划的 planning (adj) yǒuguīhuàde 犹太教 Judaism yóutàijiào 犹太人 Jew yóutàirén 宗教 religion zōngjiào 教堂 Church jiàotáng 预言家 prophet yùyánjiā 耶稣 Jesus yēsū 穆罕默德 Mohammed mùhǎnmòdé 画画 draw/ paint a picture (i should have said 画 which just means draw/ paint) huàhuà 教授 professor jiàoshòu 鼓励 encourage gǔlì 动机 motivation; motive dòngjī 平等 equal; equality píngděng 尊重 respect zūnzhòng 企图 attempt (to do something bad) qǐtú 起因 cause; originate in; be caused by qǐyīn 二战 Second World War èrzhàn 进行 conduct; carry out jìnxíng 赶尽杀绝 wipe out jǐnjǐnshājué 种族灭绝 genocide zhǒngzúmièjué  残忍 cruel; brutal cánrěn 反抗 to resist fǎnkàng 穷 poor (of money) qióng 生存 subsist; exist shēngcún 可能性 probability kěnéngxìng 偷 steal tōu 抢 rob qiǎng 伤害 hurt; to injure; to harm shānghài 证明 proof; prove zhèngmíng 在乎 care about zàihu 震惊 shock/ed zhènjīng 撞向（某地方） crash into... zhuàngxiàng 流量 flow liúliàng 造成 cause zàochéng 生命 life shēngmìng 之类的 ...type of thing zhīleìde 恐慌 panic kǒnghuāng 反应 react; reaction fǎnyìng 时代 era shídài 联合国 United Nations liánhéguó 立马 immediately lìmǎ 作出反应 respond zuòchūfǎnyìng 倡导 intitiate; propose chàngdǎo 和平 peace/ful hépíng 派出 send out (a person) pàichū 维和部队 peace-keeping force wéihébùduì 新疆 Xinjiang (Muslim area in Northwest China) xīnjiāng

here's a quick interview I did with my nanny who cried during the interview. she talks about her background and experience with fifteen my customers. she unfortunately got interrupted by my wife

斗鸡眼 dòujīyǎn  lazy eye 进入 jìnrù  enter 主题 zhǔtí  subject 小朋友 xiǎopéngyou  child  身边 shēnbiān  one's side eg. I want you by my side 理论 lǐlùn  theory 基因 jīyīn  gene 自来水 zìláishuǐ  tap water 重金属 zhòngjīnshǔ  heavy metal (not the music) 幸运 xìngyùn  lucky 文章 wénzhāng  essay/article 体质 tǐzhì  constitution i.e. of the body 烧开 shāokāi  to boil 直接+（verb) zhíjiē  directly do something i.e. without waiting or going through other steps 矿泉水 kuàngquánshuǐ  mineral water 哇哈哈 wāhāhā  a famous brand of mineral water in China 农夫山泉 nóngfūshānquán  the most famous brand of mineral water in China  矿物质 kuàngwùzhì  dietary mineral 不会吧  búhuìba  no way! 影响 yǐngxiǎng  effect 空气 kōngqì  air 污染 wūrǎn  pollution 农村 nóngcūn  village 差 chà  bad 呼吸 hūxī  breathe 过敏 guòmǐn  allergic 对(noun)有好处 duì(míngcí)yǒuhǎochu  to benefit something 就算。。。还 jiùsuàn...hái  even though...(something) is still... 细菌 xìjūn  bacteria 积累 jīlěi  accumulate 导致 dǎozhì  lead to/cause (bad thing) eg. 导致睡眠 cause insomnia 跳伞 tiàosǎn  skydive 详细 xiángxì  detailed 采访 cǎifǎng  to interview 要(verb)什么就(verb)什么 yào(dòngcí)shénme jiù(dòngcí)shénme  Do whatever you want  eg. "I'll eat whatever I want" 我想吃什么就吃什么 悉尼 xīní  Sydney 卧龙岗 wòlónggǎng  Wollonggong (place close to Sydney) 预定 yùdìng  to book; to reserve 报名 bàomíng  to sign up 大概(time/numeral with noun)。。。的样子 (shíjiān/shùzì jiā míngcí)...deyàngzi  about  eg. about 7pm 大概7点的样子; about 1 kuai 大概1块钱的样子 摄影师 shèyǐngshī photographer/filmer 教练 jiàoliàn  trainer 图案 tú'àn  pattern 相机 xiàngjī  camera 胳膊 gébo /手臂 shǒubì  arm/s 训练 xùnliàn  to train 姿势 zīshì  posture 肩膀 jiānbang  shoulder/s 手势 shǒushì  hang gesture 高空 gāokōng  high altitude 心脏 xīnzàng  heart (organ) 降落 jiàngluò  to land 撞伤 zhuàngshāng  hurt from bumping into something 地面 dìmiàn  Earth's surface; ground 把腿伸直 bǎ tuǐ shēnzhí  stretch out one's legs 气氛 qìfēn  atmosphere (i.e. of feeling/vibes) 平静 píngjìng  calm and still 冷静 lěngjìng  calm 轮到你了 lúndào nǐ le  it's your turn 动作 dòngzuò  movement 指甲 zhǐjia  nail 形状 xíngzhuàng  shape 自豪 zìháo  proud 为(he/she/it/name etc.)自豪 wèi(dàicí)zìháo  to be proud of somebody 胆子 dǎnzi  level of courage 单纯 dānchún  simple eg. of a person 体验 tǐyàn  to experience 反应 fǎnyìng  reaction 节约+（noun) jiéyuē+(míngcí)  use non wastefully 因素 yīnsù  factor 蹦极 bèngjí  bungee jump 潜水 qiánshuǐ  scuba dive 癫痫 diānxián  epilepsy 发作 fāzuò  seizure

连环杀手 liánhuánshāshǒu   serial killer 小丑 xiǎochǒu  clown 叫做 jiàozuò   be called; be known as  约翰 yuēhàn 韦恩 wéiēn 盖西 gàixī   John Wayne Gacy 泰德 tàidé 邦迪 bāngdí  Ted Bundy 这么 (verb) zhème  Verb like this eg. don't do this 别这么做 Don't say 别做这个！ 强奸 qiángjiān   rape 算 suàn  count as 童年 tóngnián  childhood 欺负 qīfu  to bully 折磨 zhémo  torture 弄痛 nòngtòng  to hurt someone/something 暴力 bàolì  violent; violence 黄片 huángpiàn  porn 纪录片 jìlùpiàn  documentary 挖 wā  dig 竹子 zhúzi  bamboo 类似于 lèisìyú  similar to; to be of a similar kind 木头 mùtou  wood 树叶 shùyè  leaf 掉到 diàodào  fall into... 越狱 yuèyù  escape prison 跨过 kuàguò  go cross; to cross 逃走 táozǒu  escape 滚 gǔn  get lost!; roll 司机 sījī  driver 劫持 jiéchí  hijack  eg. plane or car 逃跑 táopǎo  to flee 棒子 bàngzi  stick 批评 pīpíng  criticize 懦弱 nuòruò (she says nuòluò because many southern chinese pronounce the 'r' as 'l')  cowardly 同性恋 tóngxìngliàn  a homosexual 之间 zhījiān  between ;among 青少年 qīngshàonián  youth; teenager 尸体 shītǐ  corpse 地下室 dìxiàshì  basement 抓到 zhuādào  catch (of a thief or fish) 注射剂 zhùshèjì  injection 打针死的 dǎzhēnsǐde  die from an injection 脑子 nǎozi  brain 证明 zhèngmíng  prove; proof 精神 jīngshén  mental state 疾病 jíbìng  disease 治疗 zhìliáo  cure; treatment 死刑 sǐxíng  death penalty 社会 shèhuì  society 付税 fùshuì  pay tax 承担 chéngdān  bear; undertake 供养 gōngyǎng  support eg. monetarily 受欢迎 shòuhuānyíng  be popular (literally to receive welcome) 隐秘的角落 yǐnmìdejiǎoluò concealed corner (book and TV drama) 丈母娘 zhàngmuniáng  Wife's mother 待见 dàijian  to like; to be fond of 推下 tuīxià  push down 记录 jìlù  record 白血病 báixuèbìng  leukemia 勒索敲诈/敲诈勒索 qiāozhàlèsuǒ  to blackmail 威胁 wēixié  threaten 报警 bàojǐng  call the police 录像 lùxiàng  a recording; video 反正 fǎnzhèng  in any case... 违法 wéifǎ  break the law 监狱 jiānyù  prison 罚款 fákuǎn  to fine 少管所 shàoguǎnsuǒ  Juvenile detention centre

婆婆 husband's mother pópo 亲自 in person qīnzì 深刻 deep; profound shēnkè 村 village cūn 看望 pay a visit kànwang 单词 word dāncí 重新 repeat chóngxīn 古老 ancient gǔlǎo 走廊 hallway zǒuláng 鬼 ghost guǐ 森林 forest sēnlín 恐怖 scary kǒngbù 度假 go on vacation dùjià 假期 vacation jiàqī 醒 awake; wake up xǐng 呼吸 breath; breathe hūxī 描述 describe miáoshù 开灯 turn on lights kāidēng 刚开始 at the beginning gāngkāishǐ 消失 disappear xiāoshī 响 make a sound xiǎng; noisy 越来越响 louder and louder  喊 shout hǎn 走开 go away zǒukāi 凶 mean xiōng 声音 sound shēngyīn 叫醒 wake someone up by shouting jiàoxǐng 到底 after all dàodǐ (used for emphasis, often in questions) eg. "so what happened in the end?" 到底发生什么？ 猜 guess cāi 灵魂 spirit línghún 迷信 superstitious; superstition míxìn

表示 express; indicate; show   biǎoshì 想象 imagine  xiǎngxiàng 沙漠 desert  shāmò 正方体 cube  zhèngfāngtǐ 用。。。做的 made of...  yòng...zuòde 水晶 crystal  shuǐjīng 身高 stature  shēngāo 腰 waist yāo  高度 height  gāodù 宽 wide; width  kuān 手臂 arm  shǒubì 透明 transparent tòumíng 梯子 ladder tīzi 靠 lean on; rely on kào 木头 wood mùtou 台阶 step; stair táijiē 一匹马 a horse yìpǐmǎ  匹 pǐ measure word for horses 随着 as...; along with  suízhe 地平线 horizon  dìpíngxiàn 风暴 storm  fēngbào 静止 still  jìngzhǐ 朝 face (of direction) cháo cháoběifāng face north 结果 result jiéguǒ 性格 trait xìnggé 分析 analyse; analysis  fēnxī 效果 result; effect xiàoguǒ 自信 confidence; ego  zìxìn 个性 personality  gèxìng 骄傲 arrogant  jiāoào 强 strong qiáng 打破 to break dǎpò 得罪 to offend  dézuì 想起 （她没有说“想其他） to think of xiǎngqǐ 结实 durable jiēshi 彼此 each other bǐcǐ (used before the verb eg. 彼此喜欢) 大小 size  dàxiǎo 往（方向）走 go in a certain direction wǎng(fāngxiàng)zǒu eg. 往前走 (go straight) 讲究 to be particular about jiǎngjiu 颜值 the score of attractiveness yánzhí 形容 describe xíngróng 俞熙（我们的宝宝的名字） yúxī 缓解 alleviate huǎnjiě 赶紧 hurriedly  gǎnjǐn 我都不知道  都 can be used to mean even 性格测试 personality quiz xìnggécèyàn 准确 accurate zhǔnquè 流利 fluent liúlì 单词 word (typically used of non-chinese words) dāncí 至少 at least zhìshǎo 等不及 can't wait děngbùjí 听众 audience tīngzhòng

领养 lǐngyǎng  adopt a child 收养 shōuyǎng  (a synonym for lingyang) 兄弟姐妹、 xiōngdìjiěmèi sibling 约会 yuēhuì  date 血缘 xuèyuán  blood relationship 小说 xiǎoshuō  novel 谈恋爱 tánliànài  to date 事实 shìshí   fact 性格 xìnggé  character （I meant 个性 gèxìng  personality) 告白 gàobái   tell the public  表白 biǎobái  state clearly 陌生人 mòshēngrén   stranger 惭愧 cánkuì  ashamed 反对 fǎnduì  oppose 黑猩猩 hēixīngxing   gorilla 人类 rénlèi  human 高级 gāojí  advanced 享受 xiǎngshòu  enjoy 某种 mǒuzhǒng  a type    某 is used as an unspecific marker eg. a person, a thing etc. 程度 chéngdù degree 人权 rénquán  human rights 猩猩 xīngxing  chimpanzee 权利 quánlì  right 脑子 nǎozi  brain 国家保护动物 guójiābǎohùdòngwù  country's protected animal 濒危 bīnwēi  endangered 除了 chúle   except; apart from... 模仿 mófǎng  immitate 手语 shǒuyǔ  sign-language 行窃 xíngqiè  steal (formal way of saying 偷) 偷 tōu   steal 交上来 jiāoshanglái   turn something/somebody in 报警 bàojǐng  call the police 小偷 xiǎotōu  thief 枪 qiāng  gun 报仇 bàochóu  revenge 跟踪 gēnzōng  stalk 周到 zhōudào   well considered 社会 shèhuì  society 偷偷摸摸 tōutōumōmō  sneaky 监狱 jiānyù  prison 犯罪 fànzuì  commit a crime 犯罪者 criminal 罚款 fákuǎn fine 摄像头 shèxiàngtóu  surveillance camera 天真 tiānzhēn  naive 表现 biǎoxiàn   behaviour 伴侣 bànlǚ   partner 意义 yìyì  meaning; significance 可怕 kěpà   scary; horrific 提到 tídào  mention 用。。。来 yòng...lái   use something as something 总的来说 zǒngdeláishuō   generally speaking 主义 zhǔyì  doctrine   ...ism 资本主义 zīběnzhǔyì capitalism 平均 píngjūn  average 技术 jìshù  skill 类似于 lèisìyú  similar to... 交税 jiāoshuì pay tax 宣战 xuānzhàn  declare war 联合国 liánhéguó  The UN 批准 pīzhǔn  approve; ratify 战争 zhànzhēng  war 投票 tóupiào  vote 政策 zhèngcè   policy 羡慕 xiànmù  jealous 杰森斯坦森 jiésēnsītǎnsēn  Jason Statham 控制 kòngzhì  control 颜值 yánzhí  attractiveness index 发型 fàxíng  hair style 假发 jiǎfà  wig 虚伪 xūwěi  hypocritical 肌肉 jīròu  muscles 关注 guānzhù I meant 粉丝 fěnsī fan; follower

痛苦 pain tòngkǔ 牙齿 tooth yáchǐ 痛 hurt tòng 鱿鱼 squid yóuyú 硬 hard yìng 咬 bite yǎo 药 medicine (i.e. of a pill etc.) yào 怀孕 pregnant/pregnancy huáiyùn 基因 gene jīyīn 修 fix/mend xiū 蛀牙 tooth decay zhùyá 补 mend bǔ 导致 lead to (something bad) dǎozhì 保护 protect bǎohù 颗 tooth and small round object MW  kē 惭愧 ashamed cánkuì 刷牙 brush one's teeth shuāyá 影响 effect; affect yǐngxiǎng 无所谓 don't care wúsuǒwèi 后悔 regret hòuhuǐ 痛死我了 It's killing me! tòngsǐwǒle 神经 nerve; neuron shénjīng 牙医 dentist yáyī 牙科 department of dentistry  yákē 紧急 emergency; pressing  jǐnjí 只好 no choice but to   zhǐhǎo 播客 podcast bōkè 真实 authentic; real zhēnshí 有多（adjective) how... eg. 他有多坏？How bad is he? yǒuduō... 全新 brand new   quánxīn 二手 second hand èrshǒu 金属 metal  jīnshǔ 拔掉 pull out (with force) bádiào 去掉 remove qùdiào 整个 entire zhěnggè 程度 degree chéngdù 闲鱼 "leisurely fish" a second hand product app in China  xiányú 去世 pass away qùshì 才不要！no way do I want it!  cáibùyào (cai is used as an emotive word) 材料 material   cáiliào 明显 obvious   míngxiǎn 刚开始 at the beginning   gāngkāishǐ 一会儿 a while  yīhuìer

Words and grammar below 词和语法 。。的话 if   (used at the end of a sentence. 如果 is optional in this construction) dehuà 外国人 foreigner wàiguórén 悉尼 Sydney xīní 科学 science kēxué 专业 major zhuānyè 生物 biology shēngwù 毕业证 diploma bìyèzhèng 硕士 masters shuòshì 博士 Ph.D. bóshì 脑子 brain nǎozi 理论 theory lǐlùn (i mean to say thesis which is 论文 lùnwén） 试着 try shìzhe 找不到 can't find zhǎobùdào 竞争 competition jìngzhēng (number) 以上 greater than or equal too yǐshàng 病毒 virus bìngdú （I meant to say 疾病 disease  jíbìng） 糖尿病 diabetes tángniàobìng 癌症 cancer áizhèng 心脏病 heart disease xīnzàngbìng 欠 owe qiàn 受不了 can't bear (something) shòubuliǎo 值得 deserve; worth zhíde 澳大利亚 Australia àodàlìyà 女权主义 feminism nǚquánzhǔyì 权利 right (eg. human rights) quánlì I meant to say 特权 privilege tèquán 工资（低/高） salary gōngzī 奶油 cream nǎiyóu 低咖啡因 decaf dīkāfēiyīn 不仅。。也 not only but also bùjǐn...yě  放弃 abandon; give up fàngqì 宁愿。。也不要 would rather...than...  nìngyuàn..yěbùyào 活 live (i.e. live a life)  huó 语言 language yǔyán 波斯语 Persian/Farsi language bōsīyǔ 语法 grammar yǔfǎ 想起来 think of xiǎngqǐlái 赚钱 make money zhuànqián 捷克 The Czech Republic jiékè 魅力 charming   mèilì 印度 India yìndù 市场 market shìchǎng 苏格兰 Scotland sūgélán 母语 Mother tongue mǔyǔ 跟（something)有关系 something related to something gēn..yǒuguānxi 适合 suit shìhé (is used a verb for a noun) eg. this suits you 这个适合你  合适 suitable héshì (is used as an adjective for a noun) it's suitable 很合适 严重 serious (of a situation) yánzhòng 集 episode jí 用户 user yònghù 知识 knowledge zhīshi 账户 account zhànghù 完美 perfect wánměi 初 the beginning of chū 章 chapter zhāng 西方国家 Western countries xīfāngguójiā 女权主义者 feminist nǚquánzhǔyìzhe 欲望 desire yùwàng (this is generally more sexual though and I should have said 愿望 yuànwàng) 分手 break up fēnshǒu 幼稚 juvenile yòuzhì 受够 had enough of shòugòu 妻管严 cuck (pussy-whipped husband) qīguǎnyán 传统 traditional chuántǒng 农村 village nóngcūn 坚持下去 persist jiānchíxiàqù 控制 control kòngzhì 承诺 promise chéngnuò 具体 specific; physical jùtǐ 在现实生活中 in real life zài xiànshí shēnghuó zhōng 税后 after tax shuìhòu 买不起 can't afford to buy mǎibuqǐ 买得起 can afford to buy mǎideqǐ 豪华 luxurious háohuá 潜力 potential qiánlì 投资 invest; investment tóuzī 卖掉 sell màidiào 积蓄 savings jīxù 加起来 added up jiāqǐlái 公民 citizen gōngmín 稳定 stable wěndìng 创新 innovation; innovative chuàngxīn 重新 renew chóngxīn 签证 visa (for countries) qiānzhèng 回国 return to one's home country huíguó 只好 have no choice but to (same as 不得不) zhǐhǎo 在。。看来 in..opinion    zài..kànlái 多元文化主义 multiculturalism duōyuánwénhuàzhǔyì 彼此 each other   bǐcǐ (used before the verb eg. 彼此讨厌) 集体 collective  jítǐ 和谐 harmony; harmonious héxié 枪 gun  qiāng 打架 fight (physical) dǎjià 偷 steal tōu 战争 war zhànzhēng 冒险 take risks màoxiǎn 出现 appear; arise chūxiàn