Advertise on podcast: Lichen Sclerosus Podcast

You are not doing the heavy lifting alone anymore.If you are living with symptoms that seem confusing, inconsistent, or flat-out exhausting, we have a vital surprise for you. For years, the Lichen Sclerosus Support Network (LSSN) has been a dedicated sanctuary for the LS community. But we know that many of our brothers and sisters are also navigating the painful, isolating world of Lichen Planus (LP) without a clear place to call home. Today, that completely changes. LSSN is officially expanding our mission to build a dedicated resource home for Lichen Planus. Joining host Kathy to launch this new frontier is Dr. Erin Foster, a leading mucosal specialist from Oregon Health & Science University. Dr. Foster is stepping up as the head of our brand-new LP department to help turn scattered search spirals into hard clinical research, clearer tracking tools, and real community hope. Visit our new LP website at https://aboutlichenplanus.com What You Will Learn: Core Episode TakeawaysThe Blueprint of Lichen Planus: How this autoimmune response targets the deep T-cells of your body, and why it can show up across your skin, mouth, scalp, nails, esophagus, or g******s. The Diagnostic Blur (LS vs. LP): Why classic textbook definitions are outdated. Dr. Foster shares why hyperkeratotic LP can present as completely white patches on the vulva, mimicking lichen sclerosus perfectly and causing years of misdiagnosis. The 3-to-9 Month Medication Trigger Window: A look at how common everyday medications like Ibuprofen, Metformin, and Beta-blockers can set off a delayed immune flare-up months after your first dose. The Truth About Scarring: Why identifying symptoms early in areas like the scalp (LPP) or moist mucosal tissues is vital to halt irreversible tissue fusion and hair loss. The Systemic Escalation Ladder: A breakdown of how treatments look when topical steroid creams aren't enough, including safe pills like Hydroxychloroquine and immune modulators like Methotrexate. *Self-Advocacy & Educational Use Only. This podcast episode and its accompanying notes exist to organize personal observations, validate patient experiences, and support informed conversations with your care team. This content does not diagnose medical conditions, replace formal clinical examinations, or determine medication directives. LichenS Support Network does not provide clinical diagnoses or official treatment plans. Please coordinate directly with a qualified, licensed professional for all medical evaluations, physical tissue biopsies, and therapeutic care strategies.

If you’ve disclosed your LS to someone and they brushed it off, that isn’t on you—it’s on them. Because when you share this, you are giving them a gift. In this crossover episode, Kathy joins Penny Petersson from the Pelvic Power Podcast for a conversation that goes far beyond medical facts. They dive into the "juicy" reality of living with LS: the sting of medical gaslighting, the fear of being vulnerable with a new partner, and the exhaustion of trying to coordinate your own care when doctors won't talk to each other. Kathy and Penny discuss why community is the antidote to the "isolated" feeling of a new diagnosis and how to find the "diamonds in the sh*t" even during a flare. In This Episode, We Discuss:The "Special" Connection: Why opening up about your vulvar health is an act of courage and how to handle people who don't treat that vulnerability with the care it deserves.Medical Gaslighting: The reality of being dismissed by providers and the specific research being done right now to help patients fight back.Taming the Beast: Why your diagnosis today is not your destiny in six months, and how to "keep moving" so you don't get stuck in the cycle of inflammation and stress.Practice Makes Progress: Why Kathy is bringing role-playing and advocacy scripts to this year's summit (because being a "baddie" takes practice). Resources & Links:Connect with Penny Petersson Follow Penny for pelvic yoga and pain management: @wellbeingbypenny on InstagramListen to more of the Pelvic Power Podcast on your favorite platform.Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5L5EST5vW5qbgcEhLfvqLDYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWZ9pZYm7r8 Take the Next Step with LSSN WHS 2026 (May 11–15): If this conversation hit home, join us for the Wholistic Healing Summit. We have specific sessions on Medical Gaslighting Scripts and Advocacy Breakout Rooms to help you practice the conversations we talked about today.Choose Your Pass: From the Free Pass to the All-Access Pass (which includes the lifetime "LS Wikipedia" library Kathy mentioned), find the level of support you need. 👉 Register for the Summit Here https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs Join the Community LS Warriors: Our private, recurring donor community for those who want to skip the "late-night search spiral" and get straight to expert-backed answers. 👉 Become a Warrior https://lssupportnetwork.org/membership Give yourself reliable guidance: Join the summit and stop guessing about your care. https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs

Episode Description: Welcome to the Lichen Sclerosus Podcast brought to you by the Lichen Sclerosus Support Network. I'm your host, Kathy, and today we’re excited to bring you a conversation with an amazing researcher, Leia Mitchell. If you’ve listened before, you might recognize her from past episodes. This time, we’re diving into a new possible treatment for Lichen Sclerosus. What You’ll Learn in This Episode: Insights into two groundbreaking studies on silicone-based treatments for Lichen Sclerosus.The science behind silicone’s effects on collagen production and skin rejuvenation.What makes this new treatment non-steroidal and why that matters.Eligibility requirements and what participation in the study entails. Special Guest: Meet Leia Mitchell, a passionate and knowledgeable physician assistant with extensive experience in Lichen Sclerosus treatment and clinical research. Her expertise and dedication make her a valuable voice in the LS space. Key Moments: 1:49 – Discussion of two studies: one completed and one actively recruiting participants in Florida, DC, and NYC.3:35 – Leia explains how silicone aids collagen production and benefits skin conditions, including burn victims.5:21 – Application process: The silicone gel is easy to use—dab and rub gently over affected areas.6:26 – Leia highlights the need for effective LS treatments and shares how she became involved in the study.7:14 – The appeal of non-steroidal treatments and how Leia encountered this promising solution.9:24 – Study requirements: participants must have an active LS diagnosis, abstain from steroids or other topicals, and undergo pre- and post-study biopsies.13:10 – The study is initially limited to five participants, but a larger trial may follow pending positive results.15:09 – Leia shares her excitement for the study’s potential outcomes and outlines the 10-week process, which includes subjective results announced after publication.34:01 – Leia discusses the goal of FDA approval to make the treatment accessible and affordable for patients through insurance coverage. Connect with Us: Visit the Lichen Sclerosus Support Network for more resources: lssupportnetwork.org Get more information on the study at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06662942?cond=stratamgt&rank=2 or email the CVVD at [email protected] Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Join us for an insightful conversation with Dr. Jill Krapf, a leading expert in vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS), as we discuss the challenges and opportunities in LS care and introduce the Provider Continuous Education Program (PCEP). Why Provider Education Matters: LS is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed late, leading to years of unnecessary suffering for patients.   Many healthcare providers lack the knowledge and training to properly diagnose and manage LS.   The PCEP will equip providers with the tools and resources they need to provide effective, patient-centered LS care.   How the PCEP Will Make a Difference: The PCEP will provide comprehensive education on LS, covering diagnosis, treatment, and patient communication.   It will feature expert-led training by experienced LS specialists.   It will focus on evidence-based practices and patient-centered care.   It will create a network of knowledgeable healthcare providers who can support each other and share best practices.   Call to Action: Support the PCEP and help us transform the future of LS care. Your donation will directly impact the lives of those affected by this often-misunderstood condition. Donate to LSSN's Campaign: https://lssupportnetwork.org/givingtuesday Additional Resources: Learn more about LSSN's programs and resources: https://lssupportnetwork.orgJoin LSSN's online community: https://lssupportnetwork.org/membershipAttend LSSN's Giving Tuesday live events: https://lssupportnetwork.org/givingtuesday Thank you for listening and for your support! Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Join us for a special Giving Tuesday episode where we discuss the importance of supporting the Lichen Sclerosus Support Network (LSSN) and their mission to end the misdiagnosis and suffering caused by lichen sclerosus (LS). In this episode, you'll learn about: The challenges of living with LS and the impact of misdiagnosis.   The importance of patient education and support in managing LS.   The LSSN Provider Continuous Education Program (PCEP) and how it will improve healthcare provider knowledge and patient care.How your donations can help LSSN continue to provide vital resources and support to the LS community. Support LSSN this Giving Tuesday and help us break the cycle of suffering for people with LS. Your generosity can make a real difference in the lives of those affected by this often misunderstood condition. Resources and Links: Donate and Attend LSSN's Giving Tuesday Event: https://lssupportnetwork.org/givingtuesdayHelp LSSN raise money without disclosing your diagnosis: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16hoqesjqg_n68QGkGQPHAh0EYrZME1CH0NfVGNMVksQ/copy?usp=sharingLearn more about LSSN's programs and resources: https://lssupportnetworkJoin LSSN's online community: https://lssupportnetwork.org/membershipBecome an LSSN volunteer: https://lssupportnetwork.org/volunteer Thank you for listening and for your support! Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

If you're feeling the weight of unresolved issues in your intimate relationship, then you are not alone! Couples often struggle to communicate openly about sex and intimacy, leading to frustration and distance instead of connection. But what if there's a way to enhance your communication and connection, even in the midst of challenges? Let's dive into the journey of a couple navigating the complexities of long-term relationships and discover the transformative power of open dialogue and shared experiences. In this episode, you will be able to: Gain insights into managing pelvic floor dysfunction in individuals dealing with Lichen Sclerosus for better everyday comfort and confidence.Explore strategies for maintaining sexual intimacy while managing Lichen Sclerosus to nurture connection and closeness with your partner.Learn how to provide meaningful support to partners coping with Lichen Sclerosus, fostering empathy and understanding in the relationship.Enhance communication about sexual health in long-term relationships, fostering a deeper emotional and physical connection with your partner. My special guests are Annie and Micheal Annie and Michael bring a unique perspective to the conversation as a couple navigating the challenges of living with Lichen Sclerosus. Annie's personal journey with LS, from dealing with misdiagnosis to undergoing a biopsy, provides a firsthand understanding of the physical and emotional toll this condition can take. Michael, as a supportive partner, shares his experiences of navigating the impact of LS on their intimate relationship and the communication challenges they faced during this time. Their honest and open dialogue sheds light on the complexities of managing LS within a long-term relationship, making their insights valuable for others in similar situations. The key moments in this episode are: 00:00:00 - Introducing Annie and Michael 00:02:22 - Annie's LS Journey 00:08:25 - Biopsy Process and Support 00:13:02 - Communication and Relationship 00:15:55 - Medical Diagnosis and Initial Concerns 00:17:43 - Age and Diagnosis 00:19:06 - Diagnosis Confirmation and Frustrations 00:23:26 - Partner's Involvement and Education 00:26:35 - Medication Side Effects and Treatment Adjustments 00:30:20 - Advocating for Yourself 00:32:30 - Importance of Education for Doctors 00:36:06 - Impact on Relationships 00:39:37 - Transformation through Communication 00:43:47 - Coping with Stress and Loss 00:45:05 - The Importance of Communication in Relationships 00:47:17 - Broadening Perspectives on Intimacy and Sex 00:51:27 - Seeking Support for Partners and Caregivers 00:55:43 - Journey to Healing with Dr. Bob 00:58:52 - Excitement for the upcoming summit 00:59:27 - Doctor Bab's thorough care 01:00:53 - Virtual visits with Doctor Bab 01:01:37 - Open communication about sex 01:02:38 - Summit topics and invitation Register for the Holistic Healing Summit from May 13th to 17th at lssupportnetwork.org to gain valuable insights and information on intimacy, communication, sexual intimacy, and emotional intimacy in the context of Lichen Sclerosus.Explore the book Sex Talks: The Five Conversations That Will Transform Your Love Life by Vanessa Marin for valuable guidance on enhancing intimacy and communication in your relationship. https://www.amazon.com/Sex-Talks-Five-Conversations-Transform/dp/1668000016Connect with Dr. Babb, a vulvar specialist, for thorough examinations and expert guidance on managing Lichen Sclerosus. Virtual visits are also available for those who are not local. https://havencenter.comExplore the SweetSpot Labs body wash and other products recommended by Annie for gentle care of the skin, especially for those with Lichen Sclerosus. https://shop.sweetspotlabs.com/ Check out all the ways Lichen Sclerosus Support Network can help you at lssupportnetwork.org. Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Bonus Alert until April 28: Check out the bonus 14 video replays from past summits that come with the Wholistic Healing Summit All-Access pass. https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs Join us for this informative panel discussion on lichen sclerosis and sexual health. Hosted by Kathy Ruiz-Carter, we have a talented group of experts: patient advocate Jaclyn Lanthier, gynecologist Dr. Suzanne Weber, and pelvic health physical therapist Dr. Mamawah Bourque. We cover key topics like LS treatment and management, tips for engaging in sexual activity, managing symptoms during menstruation, considerations around pregnancy, and more. The panel shares practical guidance grounded in both clinical expertise and lived experience. You'll discover helpful insights on using steroids, alternate therapies, dilator work, lubricants, vulvar care, pelvic floor health, open communication with partners, and listening to your body's needs. We also talk about emerging research on LS progression and hormonal connections. Whether newly diagnosed or a long-time LSer, you'll find empowering takeaways to improve your sexual health and approach LS management more holistically. We hope you feel encouraged in your journey toward remission and pain-free intimacy. Let us know in the comments what resonated most or what additional questions you have! And don't forget to check out the bonus 14 video replays from past summits that come with the Wholistic Healing Summit All-Access pass. https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs In this episode, you will be able to: Understand how to manage lichen sclerosus during pregnancy for a smoother journey.Discover practical tips for maintaining sexual health while dealing with vulvar lichen sclerosus.Learn effective strategies for comfortable bike riding despite lichen sclerosus symptoms.Explore the benefits of pelvic floor therapy in managing lichen sclerosus symptoms.Uncover the hormonal effects on lichen sclerosus symptoms and how to mitigate them. My special guest is Jaclyn Lanthier, Suzanne Weber, and Mamawah Bourque. The key moments in this episode are: 00:00:00 - Introducing the National Vova Awareness Day event. 00:03:24 - LS progression and management. 00:07:33 - Natural and maintenance options for LS treatment. 00:12:07 - Treating different areas of the g******s. 00:15:26 - Personalized application of treatment. 00:16:32 - Importance of Physical References 00:17:51 - Engaging in Sexual Activity with LS 00:21:16 - Transitioning from Dilator Work to Penetration 00:23:54 - Approaching Sexual Activity with LS 00:28:24 - Managing Pain and Burning After Sexual Activity 00:32:42 - Managing Burning Sensation and Pain after Sex 00:33:50 - Wholistic Healing Summit 00:34:58 - Gynecologist Approach to Burning Sensation and Pain after Sex 00:36:09 - Enhancing Genital Arousal and Lubricant Recommendations 00:42:59 - Impact of Lichen Sclerosis on Pregnancy 00:49:02 - Perineal Massages and Breathing Techniques during Pregnancy 00:52:21 - Impact of BLS on Pregnancy and Postpartum 00:54:27 - Menstruation and LS Symptoms 01:00:58 - Hormonal Component and Moisture Management during Menstruation 01:03:18 - Treating Anal LS and Anal Fissures 01:05:32 - Managing Anal LS Symptoms 01:08:36 - Tips for Bike Riding with LS 01:11:05 - Pelvic Floor Stretches 01:13:19 - Wholistic Healing Summit 01:14:19 - Gratitude and Farewells The resources mentioned in this episode are: Get your ticket for the all-access pass to the Wholistic Healing Summit to access exclusive sessions on managing LS symptoms, including pain-free sex, pelvic floor PT, and more. https://lssupportnetwork.org Join the Wholistic Healing Summit to gain valuable insights on how to navigate relationships and have conversations about LS with partners, family, friends, and employers. Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Topics: What is the LSSN Wholistic Healing Summit?Importance of addressing relationships affected by Lichen Sclerosus (LS)Summit focus: Partners, Caregivers, and DisclosureSessions for patients, partners, and caregiversWellbeing activities for stress managementOpportunities to connect with other attendees Key Points LSSN is a non-profit patient organization providing education and support for those with LS.LS impacts all aspects of life, including relationships.The summit helps patients, partners, and caregivers discuss LS, manage sexual health, and build intimacy.Free, Value, and All Access ticket options are available. Time Stamps 00:00:00 - Introduction to Holistic Healing Summit 00:02:36 - Challenges in Talking About LS 00:04:38 - Disclosing LS to Partners 00:08:45 - Supporting Caregivers of LS Patients 00:10:07 - Managing LS Symptoms and Well-being 00:15:18 - Ticket Options for the Summit 00:16:09 - All Access Pass Benefits 00:17:18 - Partnership Meetup 00:18:48 - Exclusive Summit Benefits 00:20:55 - Summit Evolution and Community Impact Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Hey friend! I recently had the pleasure of chatting with Dr. Melissa Mauskar, a true rockstar in the world of vulvar health research. She illuminated some fascinating new findings about the hormone and microbiome landscapes in lichen sclerosus. I walked away feeling so hopeful about how this work might improve patient care down the road! 🙌 Dr. Mauskar broke down the key takeaways in an accessible way – no need for a medical degree to follow along! Whether you have lichen sclerosus yourself or treat patients, I think you'll find this chat insightful. A few highlights that caught my ear: The role of progesterone and other hormones in LS skin How treatment impacts microbiome diversity Exciting areas for future research. Dr. Mauskar's passion for patient-centered care and collaboration across specialties to move the needle is inspiring. She helped me understand how this study into hormones and the vulvar microbiome in lichen sclerosus, while small, contributes an important puzzle piece to better understanding and treating this chronic condition. Let me know what intrigued or surprised you! I always love hearing your experiences and thoughts. And if you appreciate Dr. Mauskar and other clinicians advancing vulvar health, show some love in the comments! ❤️ In this episode, you will be able to: Explore the intricate connection between hormonal balance and lichen sclerosus for a holistic understanding. Uncover the role of the microbiome in lichen sclerosus and its impact on treatment approaches. Create personalized treatment plans tailored to individual needs for more effective management of lichen sclerosus. Gain insights into providing comprehensive care for vulvar health, enhancing patient outcomes. Discover the benefits of collaboration in advancing research and care for vulvar health. My Special Guest Is Dr. Melissa Mauskar Dr. Melissa Mauskar,  an Associate Professor in the Department of Dermatology and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at UT Southwestern Medical Center, is not your typical expert. She's a trailblazer in the field, serving on the board of the newly founded Vulvar Dermatoses Research Consortium and as the secretary general for the  North American branch of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease. With a deep commitment to patient care and a particular focus on lichen sclerosus, Dr. Mauskar's latest research delves into this condition's hormonal and microbiome aspects. Her dedication and expertise in unraveling the complexities of lichen sclerosus make her a true star in the field. The Key Moments In This Episode Are: 00:00:12 – Introduction to Lichen Sclerosis Podcast 00:02:44 – Research Project Background 00:09:36 – Study Methodology and Findings 00:12:42 – Potential Impact and Future Research 00:15:05 – Skin Hormone Levels and Implications 00:17:02 – Significance of Study Results 00:18:01 – Understanding Microbiome 00:20:35 – Treatment Approach and Microbiome 00:24:33 – Role of Yeast in Lichen Sclerosis 00:27:30 – Future Research and Hormonal Influences 00:33:30 – Recognition of Healthcare Providers 00:34:06 – Importance of Care 00:34:52 – Momentum in Menopause Research 00:35:43 – Need for Specialized Healthcare 00:36:31 – Conclusion and Call to Action The Resources Mentioned In This Episode Are: Link to the abstract for the study mentioned in the podcast: This will provide detailed information about the study conducted by Dr. Mauskar and her team, “Assessment of the Cutaneous Hormone Landscapes and Microbiomes in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus,” allowing you to delve deeper into the findings and implications. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38368928/ Dr. Mauskar's Instagram profile: Follow Dr. Mauskar on Instagram to stay updated on her work, research, and insights in the field of dermatology and women's health. https://www.instagram.com/melissamauskarmd/ Contact Dr. Mauskar at UT Southwestern Medical Center: If you are in the UT Southwestern area and in need of a dermatologist, reach out to Dr. Mauskar for expert care and consultation. https://utswmed.org/doctors/melissa-mauskar/ Virtual Meetup Information If you'd like to share your voice in person (virtually), join our next virtual meetup. We meet every other Saturday from 2–4 PM and 7–9 PM Eastern Standard Time. Take this opportunity to share your diagnosis story, what is and isn’t working for you, and ask a question to the group. Share your experience and heal. I have met many incredibly strong LS warriors through these meetups, and I would love for you to join our community.  Sign up HERE for notifications and updates. I cannot wait to meet you! Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Get ready for a heart-pounding year-end review of the Lichen Sclerosis Support Network's incredible work. From informative videos to virtual meetups, they're empowering LS warriors like me. But just when everything seems perfect, a shocking revelation threatens to unravel all their progress. Will they overcome this unexpected obstacle? Find out on the Lichen Sclerosus Podcast! In this episode, you will be able to: Discover the latest updates and initiatives from the Lichen Sclerosis Support Network (LSSN) in their year-end review. Explore diet and lifestyle treatment resources that can help manage Lichen Sclerosis (LS) and improve your overall well-being. Dive into the digital pages of LS Zine, a magazine dedicated to providing valuable insights and support for individuals living with LS. Learn about the whole-body approach of the Wholistic Healing Summit and what next year's summit will focus on. Learn about the other exciting projects and initiatives undertaken by the Lichen Sclerosis Support Network (LSSN) to support individuals dealing with LS. The key moments in this episode are: 00:00:11 - Introduction 00:01:10 - Mission of LSSN 00:02:40 - Giving Tuesday 00:11:47 - What's New On The Website 00:14:42 Blog Posts 00:18:08 - Video Posts 00:22:00 - LSSN YouTube Channel  00:26:07 Virtual Meetups 00:30:56 LS Brochures 00:33:49 LSSN Shop 00:36:57 Long Form Content 00:41:04 LS Zine/LSSN's Digital Magazine 00:43:09 LSSN Board/Medical Advisory Board 00:46:18 Wholistic Healing Summit 00:47:50 LSSN Mini Summit: Vulvovaginal Conditions 00:50:02 Who have we partnered with? 00:57:40 - Reflecting on Accomplishments and Future Goals Check out all the ways Lichen Sclerosus Support Network can help you at lssupportnetwork.org. Visit our website at Lichen Sclerosus Support Network to access our resources and information. https://lssupportnetwork.org Check out our blog for over 42 informative posts on Lichen Sclerosus. https://lssupportnetwork.org/blog Check out our 32 video educational posts on everything LS related. https://lssupportnetwork.org/videos Attend our virtual Meetups to connect with others and learn more about Lichen Sclerosus. https://lssupportnetwork.org/connect Find a healthcare provider in our directory who specializes in Lichen Sclerosus. https://lssupportnetwork.org/providers Browse our brochures for helpful information on managing Lichen Sclerosus. https://lssupportnetwork.org/brochure Shop at our online store for Lichen Sclerosus-related products and merchandise. https://lssupportnetwork.org/shop Support our education fund by making a donation on Giving Tuesday or becoming a monthly donor. https://lssupportnetwork.org/givingtuesday Stay updated on news and events at LSSN by subscribing to our newsletters. https://lssupportnetwork.org/subscribe Contact with Functional Nutrition Therapist Heather Cooan on her website at https://heathercooan.com Check out our boards at https://lssupportnetwork.org/lssn-board Get a copy of our digital magazine at https://lszine.lssupportnetwork.org https://lssupportnetwork.org/ https://www.youtube.com/https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQXU-nhfnn-nScR_5VyUdCQ https://www.linkedin.com/in/lssn https://www.facebook.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork https://instagram.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Have you heard about the LSSN Mini Summit: Vulvovaginal Conditions? It’s our 3-day, 100% virtual event presented by medical experts on rarely discussed conditions, such as lichen sclerosus. You may be saying, I already have LS. Why do I need to know about other conditions? Or I don’t want to know about anything else. But the thing is, this is VERY important to your LS journey! In this episode, I will explain why you do not want to miss this summit, especially if you already have a vulvovaginal condition. We’re going to talk about: 🪷 Misdiagnosis 🪷 Secondary conditions 🪷 Proper treatment 🪷 Empowerment and self-advocacy 🪷 Having a medical resource you can trust at your fingertips Want to learn more about the summit? Head to https://lssupportnetwork.org/minisummit2023 for more information and details. Get your All-Access Pass before September 19, 2023, and get access to (W)holistic Healing Summit 2022 and 2023 replays until November 1, 2023. You do not want to miss this. Other links from the episode: Virtual Meetups https://lssupportnetwork.org/connect Provider Directory https://lssupportnetwork.org/providers LSSN Membership https://lssupportnetwork.org/membership   Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

In this episode, you will be able to: Explore the impact of holistic methods on pelvic health and wellness. Harness the strength of your pelvic area to alleviate pain. Foster a nurturing environment for individuals coping with pelvic pain. Unlock a fulfilling life through empowerment for those with chronic conditions. My special guest is Penny Petersson Penny reaches her audience through her Instagram account, @wellbeingbypenny, where she spreads positivity and humor, despite her own pelvic health challenges. Her unique way of turning the difficult into digestible content has made her a true inspiration in the pelvic pain community. Penny's Resources: Follow her on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/wellbeing.by.penny Listen to Penny's new podcast The Pelvic Power Podcast. Join her membership the Pelvic Health Yoga Membership today, at https://well-being-by-penny-s-school.teachable.com/?affcode=848302_qg_-pve8 and use code 'JACLYN' for a 7-day free trial and 30% off your first month.  Connect with us: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/@lichensclerosussupportnetwork Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork Website: https://lssupportnetwork.org/ Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

In this podcast, Sophie Reese, an English researcher, discusses her work on the project Living with Vulva LS, a Mixed Method Study. She mentions the development of a checklist of diagnostic criteria to help health professionals diagnose LS accurately and quickly. Sophie highlights the challenges in recruiting participants for research studies, particularly ethical issues, and the responsibility of researchers to publish their findings to create real-world changes. The interviewee emphasizes the need for inclusivity in medical research, communicating with different groups, and improving research involvement among patients. She invites patients to reach out to providers or patient groups to learn about research opportunities and get involved in research organizations. In this episode, you will be able to: Delve into the challenges faced in Lichen Sclerosus research and the consequences for affected individuals. Realize the value of spreading awareness about vulval and vaginal conditions to empower women. Grasp the essential role education and accurate diagnosis play in successfully treating Lichen Sclerosus. Investigate the impact of diverse and inclusive language in Lichen Sclerosus research on patient well-being. Recognize the importance of increasing healthcare access and improving treatments for Lichen Sclerosus patients. Connect with Sophie Rees on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/vulva_resea... Core outcome domains for lichen sclerosus: a CORALS initiative consensus statement (https://academic.oup.com/bjd/article/...) Connect with us: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lichenscler... YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/@lich... Website: https://lssupportnetwork.org/ Loved this episode? Make sure to subscribe. Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

When I started the podcast, I never imagined it would grow into something so much more - the Lichen Sclerosus Support Network and their annual (W)holistic Healing Summit. Now, every year, we strive to make a brighter tomorrow for those facing the same struggle I once did. But what does the future hold for this amazing network? Learn more and get your pass today at https://whhs.lssupportnetwork.org/ In this episode, you will be able to: Experience the transformational effects of holistic healing on lichen sclerosus patients at the inspiring summit. Dive into the world of comprehensive resources to fill the information gap and learn more. Elevate your network by participating in interactive sessions and listening to expert talks within the community. Unfold necessary discussions on sexual health, pregnancy, and menopause related to lichen sclerosus. Choose from free, basic, or all-access passes to get different perk levels “It's important that you guys get that information in a way that you can understand.” The resources mentioned in this episode are: Sign up for the (W)holistic Healing Summit starting on May 8th by visiting whsupportnetwork.org or clicking the link in the description. Choose a pass option: Free Pass (access to live sessions), Basic Pass ($25, access to recordings for 30 days), or All Access Pass ($100, lifetime access to keyword searchable recordings, PDFs, notes, worksheets, and exclusive sessions). Attend the live sessions, including internship as a vulvar specialist with Dr. Jill Krapf, pain management with Dr. Corey Babb, pelvic health physical therapy, sex education, pleasure practices, and talks on pregnancy and menopause. After each session, participate in community lounge rooms to connect with others and share experiences. Visit the exhibitors to learn about products and resources to help with lichen sclerosus. Upgrade your pass anytime if you want more access to the event content. Leave any questions in the comments section of the video for further clarification. The key moments in this episode are: 00:00:00 - Introduction, 00:02:14 - The Holistic Healing Summit, 00:06:21 - Expert Speakers, 00:08:32 - Passes and Benefits, 00:10:24 - Conclusion, Learn more and get your pass today at https://whhs.lssupportnetwork.org/ Connect with us: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/@lichensclerosussupportnetwork Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork Website: https://lssupportnetwork.org/ Loved this episode? Hit the like button and make sure to subscribe. Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.

Join me in the second part of this conversation with Dr. Jill Krapf, LS specialist; researcher; author; and educator, about her research review, "Topical Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Review of Pharmacokinetics and Recommended Dosing Frequencies." When evaluating treatments for lichen sclerosus, one must consider all variables involved for optimal application. In this review article, the authors explore the science of the skin and the effects of inflammation, as well as the absorption of the medication. However, with limited research guiding us, the answer remains scattered and uncertain, leaving us with more questions than answers. In this episode, you will be able to: Discover the effectiveness of topical steroid treatments in managing Lichen Sclerosus. Understand skin absorption concerns and dosages when using steroid treatments. Uncover truths about the myths surrounding the long-term side effects of steroid use. Grasp the significance of adhering to proper steroid application guidelines. Delve into alternative treatment options beyond steroid usage for Lichen Sclerosis. My special guest is Dr. Jill Krapf Dr. Jill Krapf is a renowned researcher, author, vulvar specialist, and educator with a passion for helping patients suffering from Lichen Sclerosus. Her extensive knowledge and experience in the field make her an invaluable resource for those seeking guidance on steroid treatments for Lichen Sclerosus. Dr. Krapf's dedication to uncovering the most effective methods of treatment has led her to conduct in-depth research on the impact of steroids on Lichen Sclerosus patients. With a wealth of experience and expertise, Dr. Krapf is an ideal guest to shed light on this complex topic and provide much-needed answers to those affected by this condition. The key moments in this episode are: 00:00:00 - Introduction, 00:02:26 - Types of Research, 00:07:45 - Purpose of the Review, 00:13:08 - Absorption of Topical Steroids, 00:15:57 - Understanding Lichen Sclerosis Skin, 00:17:42 - Interpreting the Effects of Inflammation on Skin, 00:19:27 - Burnt Out Lichen Sclerosis and Hyperpigmentation, 00:22:05 - Risks of Topical Steroids, 00:25:48 - Thinning of the Skin, 00:31:57 - Misuse of Steroids, 00:33:23 - Side Effects of Steroid Use, 00:36:02 - Tapering Medications, 00:37:37 - Current Steroid Use Guidelines, 00:39:32 - CO2 Laser and Steroid Injections, 00:43:05 - Conclusion, Check out all the ways Lichen Sclerosus Support Network can help you at lssupportnetwork.org. Resources: Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Current Perspectives  https://www.vulvodynia.com/assets/files/ijwh-191200-vulvar-lichen-sclerosus-current-perspectives.pdf Topical Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Review of Pharmacokinetics and Recommended Dosing Frequencies https://vulvodynia.com/assets/files/Lichen-Sclerosus.pdf Center for Vulvovaginal Disorder http://cvvd.org LSSN Blogs: How to Apply Topical Steroid Treatment for Lichen Sclerosus Correctly https://lssupportnetwork.org/applyproper  Lichen Sclerosus Treatment Series Part 1: Steroids  https://lssupportnetwork.org/steroids1  Lichen Sclerosus Treatment Series Part 2: Steroids  https://lssupportnetwork.org/steroids2 LSSN Video: Unraveling the Mystery of Lichen Sclerosus Treatment with Dr. Jill Krapf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtFse-rcRwI How to Apply Topical Steroid Treatment for Lichen Sclerosus Correctly https://lssupportnetwork.org/drjill Connect with us: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lichensclerosussupportnetwork/ Website: https://lssupportnetwork.org/ Loved this episode? Make a donation to help us create new content. https://lssupportnetwork.org/donate Mentioned in this episode: Finally Get Clear Answers About LS, Menopause, and Your Treatment If you’ve ever found yourself listening to this podcast searching for answers… trying to figure out why your body feels different… why your treatment isn’t working… or whether this is menopause, lichen sclerosus, or something else entirely… You’re not alone. And more importantly— you’re not the problem. Most people with LS are left trying to piece together a care plan from short appointments, conflicting advice, and hours of searching like this. That’s exactly why we created the Wholistic Healing Summit. This free, live event (May 11–15, 2026) brings together 12+ leading specialists to help you finally connect the dots between your symptoms, your treatment, and your next steps. Inside the summit, you’ll get answers to questions like: Why does my treatment stop working? Is this LS progression… or hormonal change? What order should I actually be using my medications? How do I navigate intimacy, pain, and changing skin? And if you choose to upgrade, you’ll also get access to exclusive Q&A sessions, where you can hear real questions from people just like you… and get expert answers you’d normally wait months (and pay hundreds) for. This is where the guessing stops. 👉 Register here: https://lssupportnetwork.org/whs If you’re tired of second-guessing your care… this is your next step. P.S. If you’ve ever wished you had more time with a specialist or left an appointment with unanswered questions, the All-Access Pass gives you direct access to expert Q&As you can revisit anytime.