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Timur’s conquests carry him west, where the cities of Syria and Iraq face his armies and his rivalry with the Ottoman sultan Bayezid draws two formidable conquerors toward war. Their collision at the Battle of Ankara in 1402 shatters Ottoman power and transforms the fate of the Greek world. In this episode, we follow Timur’s devastating campaigns, Bayezid’s struggle to defend his empire, and the aftermath of a victory that gives Constantinople an unexpected chance to survive. Source material: https://ia601502.us.archive.org/29/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.77320/2015.77320.Life-Of-Timur-The-Great-Amir.pdf#:~:text=Page%208.%20INTRODUCTION.%20CONTENTS.%20XV%2DXVIII.%20CHAPTER.%20VOLUME,HOW%20WHEN%20THE%20MOGULS%20ROSE%20AGAINST%20THE. https://avetruth-books.blogspot.com/2017/12/nizamuddin-sami-zafername-1987.html https://archive.org/details/mulfuzattimuryor00timuuoft/page/n5/mode/2up Read this for a crash course : https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-ii2-islamic-period-page-3/?utm_source=chatgpt.com The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821, when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

Born into the ruins of Genghis Khan’s empire, Timur rose from a young Central Asian warrior to the ruler of a vast, feared army. In Part One, we follow his shifting alliances, his struggle for power in Transoxiana, and the campaigns that carried him across Persia and into India. His conquest mirrors that of Genghis Khan, except that he calls himself the 'Sword of Islam'. His conquest of Delhi reveals both his military brilliance and the terrible human cost of his ambition. Now Timur turns west, toward the Mamluks and the Ottoman sultan Bayezid.  Source material: https://ia601502.us.archive.org/29/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.77320/2015.77320.Life-Of-Timur-The-Great-Amir.pdf#:~:text=Page%208.%20INTRODUCTION.%20CONTENTS.%20XV%2DXVIII.%20CHAPTER.%20VOLUME,HOW%20WHEN%20THE%20MOGULS%20ROSE%20AGAINST%20THE. https://avetruth-books.blogspot.com/2017/12/nizamuddin-sami-zafername-1987.html https://archive.org/details/mulfuzattimuryor00timuuoft/page/n5/mode/2up Read this for a crash course : https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-ii2-islamic-period-page-3/?utm_source=chatgpt.com The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821, when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos stands at the head of a dying empire, trapped behind the walls of Constantinople while Sultan Bayezid tightens his grip around the city. But the arrival of the legendary French knight Marshal Boucicaut gives the Romans one last chance to strike back. Together they take the war across the Bosphorus, raid the Ottoman coast, and finally bring an end to the bitter feud between Manuel and his nephew John VII. With Constantinople temporarily secure, Manuel makes an extraordinary decision: the Roman Emperor will leave his empire behind and travel personally into the West. From Venice and the courts of Italy to Paris and finally London, Manuel appeals directly to the kings of Europe for an army capable of saving Constantinople. He is welcomed with celebrations, gifts, promises, and all the ceremony befitting an emperor—but the soldiers never come. Then, just as Manuel begins to lose hope, astonishing news arrives from the East. Bayezid has abandoned the siege, marched into Anatolia, and confronted a conqueror even more terrifying than himself: Tamerlane. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/byzantine-and-modern-greek-studies/article/abs/byzantine-grand-embassy-to-russia-in-1400/B1AD163E0D67F667C474BD6ED3C53044 https://cappellarecords.com/assets/uploads/2022/12/753459828328_Booklet.pdf The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821, when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

The year is 1396. A crusading army from across Europe gathers to halt the Ottoman advance into the Balkans. At its heart is the young French Marshal Boucicaut, eager to win everlasting glory. But when the crusaders meet Sultan Bayezid outside the walls of Nicopolis, overconfidence and disunity turn triumph into disaster. Discover the story behind one of the last great crusades of the Middle Ages—and the man whose adventures were only just beginning.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

We return to the 100 Years' War to wrap up the end of the fighting in the first phase of the war, which ends when both France and England are fully exhausted. The Plague, poor crops, and endless fighting and raiding have utterly destroyed the countryside, and both sides simply need to stop the war and take a break. The Truce signed in Luelingham has come to be known as the Long Truce. And once there is a truce and the fighting stops with England, the Knights are now free to go on crusade. And crusading they went. The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

Manuel Palialogos traveled with Bayezid on his campaigns against the Turkic Beyliks of Anatolia. The Sultan brought with him a mighty army made up of the conquered princes of the Serbian Empire, as well as the Prince of the Roman Emperor. The letters Manuel wrote during this campaign still survive today. Sultan Bayezid proves himself to be much more hot-headed and erratic than his father, Murad, and will ultimately earn him the name, The Thunderbolt. This is the moment the Romans realize there was no survival under the vassalage of Bayezid; he was coming to strike and destroy.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

While Manuel Palaiologos struggles to preserve what remains of the Byzantine Empire, events beyond Constantinople reshape the future of the Balkans. On the Kosovo Plain, Prince Lazar and a coalition of Christian lords confront Sultan Murad's Ottoman army in one of medieval Europe's most consequential battles. The deaths of both commanders, the rise of Bayezid I "the Thunderbolt," and the political chaos that follows will usher in a new era of Ottoman expansion—and leave Byzantium facing an even more formidable master.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

After years of civil war, betrayal, and imprisonment, Emperor John V and his loyal son Manuel find themselves trapped in a collapsing empire while the ambitious Andronicus IV sits upon the throne of Constantinople. As Genoese and Venetian merchants wage war across the Mediterranean and Ottoman influence tightens its grip on the Balkans, Manuel emerges as the last great champion of Byzantine independence. From the dungeons of the Blachernae Palace to the walls of Thessalonica, he launches a desperate resistance against Sultan Murad and dreams of restoring Roman dignity and freedom. Yet as cities fall, allies disappear, and the Ottoman war machine advances relentlessly, Manuel is forced to confront an uncomfortable reality: survival may require submission to the very power he has spent years fighting. In this episode, we follow the dramatic struggle of the empire's "good son" as he rises in rebellion, wages a doomed war for Thessalonica, and ultimately finds himself standing before the court of Sultan Murad, where the future of Byzantium hangs in the balance.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

In the aftermath of the Ottoman victory at Maritsa, panic grips Constantinople as Emperor John V Palaiologos makes the fateful decision to submit to Sultan Murad and become an Ottoman vassal. But while the aging rulers of Byzantium and the Ottoman Empire struggle to hold their realms together, their ambitious sons have other plans. In one of the most extraordinary conspiracies of the fourteenth century, Prince Andronicus IV and Savcı Bey, heir to the Ottoman throne, join forces in a daring attempt to overthrow their fathers and seize power for themselves. What follows is a story of betrayal, rebellion, blinding, imprisonment, political intrigue, and shifting alliances that stretches from Constantinople to the Anatolian plateau. As the young princes gamble everything for power, the future of both the Byzantine and Ottoman worlds hangs in the balance.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

John V Palaiologos finally returned to Constantinople after being rescued from Venetian detention by his loyal son Manuel, who raised money in Thessalonica, sold his own possessions, and even offered himself as a hostage when the funds proved insufficient. Meanwhile, John's eldest son Andronikos IV had enjoyed ruling in his father's absence and openly refused to help secure his release, leading John to elevate Manuel as his new heir and co-emperor. As this dynastic crisis unfolded, a far greater threat emerged in the Balkans. Believing Sultan Murad was distracted by war in Anatolia, the Serbian princes Vukašin and Jovan Uglješa assembled a large coalition army and marched toward Adrianople to drive the Ottomans from Europe. Near the Maritsa River in 1371, however, their overconfident force was caught completely off guard when a vastly smaller Ottoman army launched a surprise night attack, setting the Serbian camp ablaze and throwing the army into panic. Thousands were killed, drowned, captured, or scattered, while both Serbian leaders perished in the disaster. The Battle of the Maritsa shattered Serbian power, spread terror throughout the Balkans, and convinced many that the Ottomans were an unstoppable force. When news reached Constantinople, John V realized that if even the strongest army in Eastern Europe could be destroyed so completely, the Byzantine Empire had little hope of surviving. The battle also revealed the strategic dilemma facing Murad: while expanding into Europe, he was constantly forced to defend Anatolia against the Karamanids, a powerful Turkish rival angered by Ottoman expansion and determined to challenge Ottoman dominance of the Turkish world.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

In this episode we move away from the collapse of Constantinople, and the rise of the Ottomans, and see exactly why France and England were nowhere to be seen. For centuries, the French and English were championed crusaders, and now they were fighting each other in a war that would turn so gruesome and bloody it would drain over a century of the best fighting men and fertile land in a shrinking world engulfed by cold winters and short summers. This is an episode about why France and England never came to rescue Constantinople. This is a story about the 100 Years War. The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

In this episode, we cover the emperor's journey to Rome, where he finally bends the knee to the Pope and converts to Catholicism. This was a gamble, for he risked alienating his people by converting to the faith of those who sacked Constantinople in 1204. But he felt like he had no other choice, for there was no way he was going to defeat the Ottoman Empire on his own. The only trouble was that converting didn't guarantee crusading relief, for the western hemisphere was gripped in one of the worst wars in centuries. Everything turned worse when he found himself stranded in Venice with no money to return home and imprisoned by his lenders. The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

The Savoyard Crusade of 1366 was a late-medieval military expedition led by Amadeus VI, known as the "Green Count," to assist his cousin, the Byzantine Emperor John V Palaiologos. Amadeus successfully recaptured the strategic fortress of Gallipoli from the Ottoman Turks and later campaigned against the Bulgarian Empire to secure the Emperor’s release from captivity. Although the expedition achieved notable short-term victories and briefly bolstered Byzantine defenses, the gains were largely reversed within a few years as the Ottomans consolidated their control over the Balkans. The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

As Emperor John V sits atop a crumbling Byzantine world, the once-mighty Roman Empire has been reduced to scattered fragments surrounded by enemies on all sides. While plague ravages Constantinople and internal divisions weaken any hope of recovery, a new and unstoppable force rises in the east. Under Murad I, the Ottomans transform from raiders into rulers, capturing Adrianople and establishing their first true European capital. With no army to resist and no allies to call upon, the Byzantines face devastation both beyond their walls and at their gates, as the fall of Adrianople marks the moment Constantinople becomes an isolated island in a hostile world. In this episode, we witness not just a conquest, but a turning point—where Rome does not fall in a single blow, but begins to quietly, inevitably, collapse from within.  The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com

When an Earthquake shattered the walls of Galipoli, the citizens fled in fear, and instead of a recovery effort sent by the Byzantines to rebuild the city, it was left empty. The Ottomans saw this as an opportunity of a lifetime and moved entire families across the sea from Asia to Europe, settling the city, rebuilding its walls, and forming a permanent Ottoman settlement on the European side of the Byzantine Empire. This was the first of many moves, which led to the total conquest of Byzantium and the Balkans as a whole. BLACK DEATH PDF Here --> http://www.infezmed.it/media/journal/Vol_19_3_2011_10.pdf The History of Modern Greece Podcast covers the events from Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, and the fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the years under the Ottoman Empire, and 1821 when the Greeks fought for independence... all the way to the modern-day. EMAIL US: [email protected] Website: www.moderngreecepodcast.com SOCIAL MEDIA: Go here to chat with us.  https://www.instagram.com/historyofmodern%20greece/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578023316172 Music by Mark Jungerman: www.marcjungermann.com