Advertise on podcast: Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/198/#transcript) • How does psychological time differ from clock time? How does a person's perception of time relate to their personal identity? How does a person's view of their past shape how they view their future? To what extent do people differ in the degree to which they feel like a single, continuous person across time? What effects does a person's perception of time have on their assessment of injustices? Why aren't there more adversarial collaborations in academia? Is academia generally politically left-leaning? How does lack of political diversity in academia compare to (e.g.) lack of gender or economic diversity? Are liberal or progressive academics openly willing to discriminate against conservative academics when, for example, the latter have opportunities for career advancement? Is anyone in the US actually calling for legal changes around free speech laws, or are they only discussing how people ought to be socially ostracized or punished for expressing certain viewpoints? And is there a meaningful difference between legal and social punishments for those who make illegal or taboo statements? Are we in the midst of an ideological war right now? And if so, ought we to quash in-group criticism to avoid giving ammunition to our ideological enemies? Academia seems to have hemorrhaged public trust over the last few decades; so what can be done to begin restoring that trust? • Anne Wilson is a professor of social psychology at Wilfrid Laurier University. Much of her research focuses on self and identity over time both for individual self and collective identities like nation, race, and gender. Her work illuminates the often-motivated malleability of our reconstructions of the past, forecasts of the future, and subjective perceptions of time itself. Her broad focus on motivated reasoning and cognitive bias has also led to more recent research on intergroup misperception, political polarization, and how speech suppression and censorship can inhibit collective bias correction. Follow her on Twitter / X at @awilson_WLU (https://twitter.com/awilson_WLU), email her at awilson@wlu.ca (mailto:awilson@wlu.ca), or learn more about her work at her labe website: annewilsonpsychlab.com (https://www.annewilsonpsychlab.com/). • Further reading: • "Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda", by Cory J. Clark, Lee Jussim, Komi Frey, Sean T. Stevens, Musa al-Gharbi, Karl Aquino, J. Michael Bailey, Nicole Barbaro, Roy F. Baumeister, April Bleske-Rechek, David Buss, Stephen Ceci, Marco Del Giudice, Peter H. Ditto, Joseph P. Forgas, David C. Geary, Glenn Geher, Sarah Haider, Nathan Honeycutt, Hrishikesh Joshi, Anna I. Krylov, Elizabeth Loftus, Glenn Loury, Louise Lu, Michael Macy, Chris C. Martin, John McWhorter, Geoffrey Miller, Pamela Paresky, Steven Pinker, Wilfred Reilly, Catherine Salmon, Steve Stewart-Williams, Philip E. Tetlock, Wendy M. Williams, Anne E. Wilson, Bo M. Winegard, George Yancey, and William von Hippel (https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2301642120) • "The Future of Memory: Remembering, Imagining, and the Brain", by Daniel L. Schacter, Donna Rose Addis, Demis Hassabis, Victoria C. Martin, R. Nathan Spreng, and Karl K. Szpunar (https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(12)00991-9.pdf) • "Autobiographical Memory and Conceptions of Self: Getting Better All the Time", by Michael Ross and Anne E. Wilson (https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-8721.01228) • "When Slights Beget Slights: Attachment Anxiety, Subjective Time, and Intrusion of the Relational Past in the Present", by Kassandra Cortes and Anne E. Wilson (https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0146167216670606) • "Crimes of the Past: Defensive Temporal Distancing in the Face ... [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/198/anne-wilson-academic-group-think-free-speech-norms-and-the-

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/197/#transcript) • Why is Stoicism important and useful today? What are the main ideas of Stoicism? How can you tell if you're "living well"? And if you're not living well, then how can you move yourself in that direction? How can we learn to accept and embrace life as it comes without losing our desire to improve ourselves and the world around us? Do people vary in the degree to which Stoic practices might be beneficial for them? What's the relationship between Stoicism and CBT? What do Stoics have to say about the value or disvalue of emotions? Has Stoicism changed much since its inception? What does it mean to be a "reasonable" person? What are some clear signs that a person is a thinker or a feeler? How might we modify social media and/or ourselves so that our cognitive biases can't as easily be weaponized for political or economic ends? It's easy to see cognitive biases in others; but how can we learn to see them in ourselves? • William B. Irvine is emeritus professor of philosophy at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, USA. He is the author of eight books that have been translated into more than twenty languages. His A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy (https://www.amazon.com/Guide-Good-Life-Ancient-Stoic/dp/1522632735) played a key role in the Stoic renaissance that has taken place in recent years. His subsequent Stoic Challenge: A Philosopher's Guide to Becoming Tougher, Calmer, and More Resilient provides a strategy for dealing, in proper Stoic manner, with the setbacks we experience in daily living. He is currently at work on a book about thinking critically, but with an open mind, in the age of the internet. • Further reading: • The Enchiridion, by Epictetus (https://classics.mit.edu/Epictetus/epicench.html) • Thinking Fast and Slow, by Daniel Kahneman (https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Fast-Slow-Daniel-Kahneman-ebook/dp/B00555X8OA/ref=sxts_entity_rec_bsx_s_def_r00_t_aufl?content-id=amzn1.sym.a36c3969-f821-4d5b-a8e8-be129cf4aa4a%3Aamzn1.sym.a36c3969-f821-4d5b-a8e8-be129cf4aa4a;crid=35M26ZGKS0TKV;cv_ct_cx=daniel+kahneman;keywords=daniel+kahneman;pd_rd_i=B00555X8OA;pd_rd_r=140bf1f7-542a-4df0-a1b9-4f8845ad4674;pd_rd_w=V2FYI;pd_rd_wg=conRN;pf_rd_p=a36c3969-f821-4d5b-a8e8-be129cf4aa4a;pf_rd_r=B82NFSTZTBADJ3QJ6DCP;qid=1697313236;s=books;sprefix=daniel+kahneman%2Cstripbooks%2C136;sr=1-1-ef9bfdb7-b507-43a0-b887-27e2a8414df0) • Spencer's note: The chapter on social priming should be discounted because it is about research by other people that has not replicated. • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Rea

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/196/#transcript) • What is a "theory of everyone"? Do the social sciences currently have enough firm knowledge to synthesize such a theory? Have we been getting smarter as a species over the last few hundred years? Were great historical thinkers smarter than today's greatest minds? Why are governments so prone to corruption? What is the COMPASS framework? What is the "no hyphen" immigration model? What is the "umbrella" immigration model? How can governments change how they think and talk about immigration so that racism is less likely to find its way into immigration policy? • Michael Muthukrishna is an award-winning professor of economic psychology and affiliate in developmental economics and data science at the London School of Economics. His research has been featured in CNN, BBC, Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, The Economist, Scientific American, Time Magazine, Fortune Magazine, and many other news outlets. He is the author of A Theory of Everyone: The New Science of Who We Are, How We Got Here, and Where We're Going (https://atheoryofeveryone.com). Learn more about him at his website (https://michael.muthukrishna.com), follow him on Twitter at @mmuthukrishna (https://twitter.com/mmuthukrishna); or read his writings on his Substack (https://www.lab.muthukrishna.com/). • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/196/michael-muthukrishna-is-there-a-grand-unified-theory-of-everyone]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/195/#transcript) • Has the world been "lucky" so far with respect to nuclear weapons? How many people have died from nuclear weapons? To what extent do nuclear weapons actually deter aggression? How many countries currently have nuclear weapons or are in the process of building them? How can we discourage continued proliferation of (or even the desire to own) nuclear weapons? How tightly linked are the technologies required to build nuclear energy programs and nuclear weapons programs? How does the International Atomic Energy Agency verify that countries have exactly the nuclear programs and materials they claim to have? What are the best nonproliferation or disarmament interventions being considered right now? What can the average citizen do to make a difference on these enormous issues? • Carl Robichaud co-leads Longview's program on nuclear weapons policy and co-manages Longview's Nuclear Weapons Policy Fund (https://www.longview.org/fund/nuclear-weapons-policy-fund/). For more than a decade, Carl led grantmaking in nuclear security at the Carnegie Corporation of New York (https://www.carnegie.org/), a philanthropic fund which grants over $30 million annually to strengthen international peace and security. Carl previously worked with The Century Foundation (https://tcf.org/) and the Global Security Institute (https://gsinstitute.org/?gclid=CjwKCAjw_MqgBhAGEiwAnYOAeuHsfWz7Z0IsHkbQRPhgOImdTY6n6dVkDWR-CxIHLqyYJIpiGeqPkhoCa0cQAvD_BwE), where his extensive research spanned arms control, international security policy, and nonproliferation. • Amendments: • At 00:23:10, Carl said "Stanislav Arkhipov", but he meant to say "Vasily Arkhipov" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Arkhipov). • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/195/carl-robichaud-the-alternate-histories-and-possible-futures-of-nuclear-weapons]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/194/#transcript) • What does it really mean to align an AI system with human values? What would a powerful AI need to do in order to do "what we want"? How does being an assistant differ from being an agent? Could inter-AI debate work as an alignment strategy, or would it just result in arguments designed to manipulate humans via their cognitive and emotional biases? How can we make sure that all human values are learned by AIs, not just the values of humans in WEIRD societies? Are our current state-of-the-art LLMs politically left-leaning? How can alignment strategies take into account the fact that our individual and collective values occasionally change over time? • Geoffrey Irving is an AI safety researcher at DeepMind. Before that, he led the Reflection Team at OpenAI, was involved in neural network theorem proving at Google Brain, cofounded Eddy Systems to autocorrect code as you type, and worked on computational physics and geometry at Otherlab, D. E. Shaw Research, Pixar, and Weta Digital. He has screen credits on Ratatouille , WALL•E , Up , and Tintin . Learn more about him at his website, naml.us (https://naml.us/). • Further reading: • Gandalf: An Educational Game Demonstrating Security Vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (https://gandalf.lakera.ai/) • "AI safety via debate" (https://openai.com/research/debate) • "Claude's Constitution" (https://www.anthropic.com/index/claudes-constitution) • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/194/geoffrey-irving-how-can-ais-know-what-we-want-if-we-don-t-even-know]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/193/#transcript) • What does it mean to have conflicts between our schemas and our values? What is schema therapy? How do schema therapy's claims differ from the "common sense" view that we develop tools for interacting with the world in childhood? How do our "inner critic" and "vulnerable child" connect to our schemas? How do these things differ from the IFS (Internal Family Systems) model of psychotherapy? How do these things map onto Buddhism, Stoicism, and other religious or philosophical traditions? What are the values that lead to a life of happiness? Why are teachings about embracing impermanence and reducing craving found in ancient religious and philosophical traditions but not in modern psychology? And, conversely, why are practices for building "flow" and healthy self-esteem present in modern psychology but not in ancient religious and philosophical traditions? • Jeff Perron is a Clinical Psychologist and Author of The Psychology of Happiness (https://drjeffperron.substack.com/), a Substack with over 15,000 subscribers. He writes detailed guides that explain evidence-based concepts associated with mental well-being and happiness. In his clinical work, he has spent years helping professionals align their lives more closely with their goals and values, supporting them in moving away from unnecessary suffering and towards meaning and fulfillment. Dr. Perron also holds an MBA from Wilfrid Laurier University and in the past has worked in the corporate strategy world. He holds a dual research-clinical PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University of Ottawa and is a Clinical Associate of the Ottawa Institute of CBT. • Further reading: • "Values, Practices, and Behaviors Associated with Happiness (a life of relative equanimity, meaning, fulfillment, health, and positive engagement)" by Jeff Perron (https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mhi4P/3/) • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/193/jeff-perron-schemas-goals-values-and-the-pursuit-of-happiness]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/192/#transcript) • What was therapy like in the years leading up to the advent of CBT? Has CBT now been over-sold? How does CBT differ from "the power of positive thinking"? How can therapists who use CBT avoid invalidating clients' feelings? When, if ever, should people listen to their negative thoughts? To what extent can a person's good qualities contribute to their depression? Can empathy be learned? Is it possible to cure depression in a single psychotherapy session? What is TEAM-CBT? Is exposure therapy cruel? What are some strategies for silencing the voices in our heads that lead to depression, anxiety, and other negative mental states? • David Burns is Adjunct Clinical Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the Stanford University School of Medicine, where he is involved in research and teaching. He has previously served as Acting Chief of Psychiatry at the Presbyterian / University of Pennsylvania Medical Center (1988) and Visiting Scholar at the Harvard Medical School (1998), and is certified by the National Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. He has received numerous awards, including the A. E. Bennett Award for his research on brain chemistry, the Distinguished Contribution to Psychology through the Media Award, and the Outstanding Contributions Award from the National Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists. He has been named Teacher of the Year three times from the class of graduating residents at Stanford University School of Medicine, and feels especially proud of this award. In addition to his academic research, Dr. Burns has written a number of popular books on mood and relationship problems. His best-selling book, Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy , has sold over 4 million copies in the United States, and many more worldwide. When he is not crunching statistics for his research, he can be found teaching his famous Tuesday evening psychotherapy training group for Stanford students and community clinicians, or giving workshops for mental health professionals throughout the United States and Canada. Learn more about him at feelinggood.com (https://feelinggood.com/). • Further reading: • Feeling Great: The Revolutionary New Treatment for Depression and Anxiety by David Burns (https://www.amazon.com/Feeling-Great-Revolutionary-Treatment-Depression/dp/168373288X) • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/192/david-burns-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-and-beyond]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/191/#transcript) • What is a "super-shrink"? Which factors in the therapist-client relationship are most predictive of positive client outcomes over time: the therapist's personality, the client's personality, the therapist's methodology, or other factor(s)? How can therapists use and teach evidence-based practices and behaviors while also respecting and working within an individual client's belief system? What should clients look for when shopping for therapists? Why do clients often choose to be less open and honest with their therapists than would be beneficial for them? How can non-therapists be good, therapeutic friends to others? • Originally from Singapore, Daryl Chow, MA, Ph.D. is a practicing psychologist based in Perth, Western Australia. He presents to and trains other psychotherapists around the world. He has authored / co-authored several books, including: The First Kiss: Undoing the Intake Model and Igniting First Sessions in Psychotherapy (2018), Better Results: Using Deliberate Practice to Improve Therapeutic Outcomes (APA, 2021), The Field Guide to Better Results (APA, 2023), and Creating Impact (2022). He is also the co-author of many articles, and is co-editor and contributing author of The Write to Recovery: Personal Stories ; Lessons About Recovery from Mental Health Concerns . Daryl's newsletter, blogs, and podcast ( Frontiers of Psychotherapist Development ) are all aimed at inspiring and sustaining practitioners' individualised professional development. Read his writings on Substack (https://fullcircles.substack.com); learn more about him on his website, darylchow.com (https://darylchow.com); or email him at info@darylchow.com (mailto:info@darylchow.com). • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/191/daryl-chow-there-are-shrinks-and-then-there-are-super-shrinks]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/190/#transcript) • Have conspiracy theories been more prevalent, more persuasive, or more convoluted in the last few decades than at other points in human history? Is the presence of conspiracy theorists a feature of every society? The phrase "conspiracy theory" usually implies a false theory, even though some are eventually proven to be true; so how can we update our language to better differentiate between disconfirmed and not-yet-confirmed conspiracy theories? How can people who've really gone down a conspiracy theory rabbit hole come back back from the brink? More generally, what conditions need to be met for a person to change their mind about anything? What are the key motivators of conspiratorial thinking? Why do so many conspiracy theories incorporate strong antisemitic elements? To what degree are conspiracy theorists swayed by arguments from the requisite number of co-conspirators in a conspiracy? How should people research a conspiracy theory? Which personality traits are correlated with conspiratorial thinking? What's a good definition of wisdom? And how could wisdom help us combat the epistemic crisis through which we seem to be living right now? When, if ever, is it useful to approach a topic adversarially? Which would better mitigate the epistemic crisis: education reform or cultural change? • Jesse Richardson is an internationally award-winning creative director and the founder of the nonprofit The School of Thought, which is dedicated to promoting critical thinking, reason, and understanding. The Creative Commons resources The School of Thought has produced have so far reached over 30 million people and are being used in thousands of schools, universities, and companies worldwide. Their latest project is The Conspiracy Test, which is a gamified way to help increase healthy skepticism about conspiracy theories. It can been accessed for free at theconspiracytest.org (https://theconspiracytest.org). Learn more about Jesse and The School of Thought at schoolofthought.org (https://schoolofthought.org). • Resources: • The Conspiracy Chart (https://conspiracychart.com) • The Conspiracy Test (https://theconspiracytest.org) • The School of Thought (https://schoolofthought.org) • The Critical Thinking Alliance (https://criticalthinkingalliance.org/) • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/190/jesse-richardson-bringing-conspiracy-theorists-back-from-the-brink]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/189/#transcript) • Why do we leave so much low-hanging fruit unharvested in so many parts of life? In what contexts is it better to do a thing than to do a symbolic representation of the thing, and vice versa? How can we know when to try to fix a problem that hasn't yet been fixed? In a society, what's the ideal balance of explorers and exploiters? What are the four simulacra levels? What is a moral "maze"? In the context of AI, can solutions for the problems of generation vs. evaluation also provide solutions for the problems of alignment and safety? Could we solve AI safety issues by financially incentivizing people to find exploits ( à la cryptocurrencies)? • Zvi Mowshowitz is the author of Don't Worry About the Vase , a widely spanning substack trying to help us think about, model, and improve the world. He is a rationalist thinker with experience as a professional trader, game designer and competitor, and startup founder. His blog spans diverse topics and is currently focused on extensive weekly AI updates. Read his writings at thezvi.substack.com (https://thezvi.substack.com/), or follow him on Twitter / X at @TheZvi (https://twitter.com/TheZvi). • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/189/zvi-mowshowitz-simulacra-levels-moral-mazes-and-low-hanging-fruit]

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/188/#transcript) • How can people be encouraged in ways that are more natural and less manipulative to increase the amounts they give to charities? Why are arguments based on the effectiveness of charitable organizations less compelling to most people than we'd like for them to be? What percentages of a social group should be "doves", "hawks", "eagles", or something else? To what extent should our knowledge about our evolutionary history shape our values? Why are children more likely than adults to engage in prosocial behaviors towards strangers? Aside from anecdotal evidence, how do we know that political polarization in the US has been increasing over the last few decades? How can bridges of respect and trust be built between warring political tribes? How can people even begin to undertake the project of building bridges across political divides if they have no interest in understanding or engaging with the other side — especially if they believe that the other side is completely deranged, evil, or otherwise unfit to govern at any level? What is "deep pragmatism"? What might a "psychologically-informed" version of utilitarianism look like? • Josh Greene is Professor of Psychology and a member of the Center for Brain Science faculty at Harvard University. Much of his research has focused on the psychology and neuroscience of moral judgment, examining the interplay between emotion and reason in moral dilemmas. His more recent work studies critical features of individual and collective intelligence. His current neuroscientific research examines how the brain combines concepts to form thoughts and how thoughts are manipulated in reasoning and imagination. His current behavioral research examines strategies for improving social decision-making and alleviating intergroup conflict. He is also the author of Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the Gap Between Us and Them . Learn more about him at his website, joshua-greene.net (https://www.joshua-greene.net). • Further reading: • "Boosting the impact of charitable giving with donation bundling and micromatching" by Lucius Caviola and Joshua Greene (https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ade7987) • Giving Multiplier (w/ Clearer Thinking promo code) (https://givingmultiplier.org/clearerthinking): Use the link yourself, or send it to a friend so that they can get matches on their donations! • "The Psychology of (In)Effective Altruism" by Lucius Caviola, Stefan Schubert, and Joshua Greene (https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54763f79e4b0c4e55ffb000c/t/609306c82edfcc2e74157e5d/1620248266363/Caviola-Schubert-Greene-Psych-Effective-Altruism-TiCS21-Proof.pdf) • Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the Gap Between Us and Them by Joshua Greene (https://www.amazon.com/Moral-Tribes-Emotion-Reason-Between/dp/1594202605) • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://... [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.o

Read the full transcript here. (https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/187/#transcript) • How can we find and expand the limitations of our imaginations, especially with respect to possible futures for humanity? What sorts of existential threats have we not yet even imagined? Why is there a failure of imagination among the general populace about AI safety? How can we make better decisions under uncertainty and avoid decision paralysis? What kinds of tribes have been forming lately within AI fields? What are the differences between alignment and control in AI safety? What do people most commonly misunderstand about AI safety? Why can't we just turn a rogue AI off? What threats from AI are unique in human history? What can the average person do to help mitigate AI risks? What are the best ways to communicate AI risks to the general populace? • Darren McKee (MSc, MPA) is the author of the just-released Uncontrollable: The Threat of Artificial Superintelligence and the Race to Save the World . He is a speaker and sits on the Board of Advisors for AIGS Canada, the leading safety and governance network in the country. McKee also hosts the international award-winning podcast, The Reality Check , a top 0.5% podcast on Listen Notes with over 4.5 million downloads. Learn more about him on his website, darrenmckee.info (https://www.darrenmckee.info/), or follow him on X / Twitter at @dbcmckee (https://twitter.com/dbcmckee). • Staff • Spencer Greenberg (https://www.spencergreenberg.com/) • — Host / Director • Josh Castle (mailto:joshrcastle@gmail.com) • — Producer • Ryan Kessler (https://tone.support/) • — Audio Engineer • Uri Bram (https://uribram.com/) • — Factotum • WeAmplify (https://www.weamplify.info/) • — Transcriptionists • Miles Kestran (mailto:digillennial@gmail.com) • — Marketing • Music • Lee Rosevere (https://archive.org/details/MusicForPodcasts04/Lee+Rosevere+-+Music+for+Podcasts+4+-+11+Keeping+Stuff+Together.flac) • Josh Woodward (https://www.joshwoodward.com/song/AlreadyThere) • Broke for Free (https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Something_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Something_EP_-_05_Something_Elated) • zapsplat.com (https://www.zapsplat.com/music/summer-haze-slow-chill-out-house-track-with-a-modern-pop-feel-warm-piano-chords-underpin-the-track-with-warm-pads-and-a-repetitive-synth-arpeggio/) • wowamusic (https://gamesounds.xyz/?dir=wowamusic) • Quiet Music for Tiny Robots (https://www.freemusicarchive.org/music/Quiet_Music_for_Tiny_Robots/The_February_Album/05_Tiny_Robot_Armies) • Affiliates • Clearer Thinking (https://www.clearerthinking.org/) • GuidedTrack (https://guidedtrack.com/) • Mind Ease (https://mindease.io/) • Positly (https://positly.com/) • UpLift (https://www.uplift.app/) [Read more: https://podcast.clearerthinking.org/episode/187/darren-mckee-we-can-t-mitigate-ai-risks-we-ve-never-imagined]