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What Cardiologists Should Know About the Genetics of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms   Guest: David Deyle, M.D. Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.   Thoracic aortic aneurysms can have an underlying genetic cause that affects patient management, surveillance, surgical decision-making, and family screening. In this episode, listeners will learn when to consider genetic testing and clinical genomics consultation for patients with thoracic aortic disease, including those with suspected Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and other familial aortopathies. The discussion also explores how to interpret genetic test results and variants of uncertain significance, the importance of family history and clinical phenotype, and how a genetic diagnosis can guide surveillance and treatment decisions.   Topics discussed: When should clinicians consider genetic testing for thoracic aortic aneurysms and other aortic diseases? How can genetic findings influence aortic surveillance, surgical intervention, and screening of family members? How should positive and negative genetic test results and variants of uncertain significance be interpreted? What roles do family history, clinical phenotype, and age play in evaluating inherited thoracic aortic disease? When should cardiologists involve clinical genomics in patient care?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn   Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recording date: 16-March-2026

Transcatheter Valve Interventions   Guest: Jared Bird, M.D. Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.   After listening to this podcast, listeners will be able to describe transcatheter treatment options for mitral valve disease, including transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) and transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR); identify key echocardiographic and cardiac CT findings used for patient selection and procedural planning; and discuss the evolving role of transcatheter mitral valve interventions in the treatment of mitral regurgitation and other forms of mitral valve disease.   Topics discussed: What are TEER and TMVR, and how do these transcatheter mitral valve interventions differ from surgical mitral valve repair and replacement? How are transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and cardiac CT used to evaluate patients and plan transcatheter mitral valve procedures? Which patients with mitral regurgitation are candidates for TEER, and when might TMVR be a better treatment option? What anatomic and clinical factors influence the safety and success of transcatheter mitral valve interventions? How might TEER and TMVR shape the future treatment of mitral valve disease?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn   Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recording date: 23-June-2026

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in Women   Guest: Thais Coutinho, M.D. Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.   After listening to this podcast, listeners will be able to describe sex differences in the epidemiology and outcomes of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), explain the biological and physiological factors that contribute to these differences, and identify clinically applicable strategies to improve TAA outcomes in both women and men.   Topics discussed: How does thoracic aortopathy differ between women and men? What factors contribute to sex differences in the incidence and outcomes of thoracic aortic aneurysm? What can clinicians do today to improve TAA outcomes in women?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn    Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 02-February-2026

How AI Can Assist in the Performance of Point of Care Ultrasound   Guest: Jared Bird, M.D. Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.   Artificial intelligence is rapidly enhancing the performance of cardiac point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) by improving image acquisition, providing easy-to-use tools for automated quantification, and reducing the impact of variability in user training on the acquisition of high-quality cardiac POCUS studies. AI-guidance solutions for obtaining high-yield cardiac POCUS views are helping both experienced clinicians and novice users acquire diagnostic-quality images for the rapid assessment of cardiac pathology. These AI tools serve as a powerful addition to the clinician's toolbox but do not replace comprehensive echocardiography or the expertise of trained healthcare providers.   Topics Discussed: How do AI-guidance solutions improve the acquisition of cardiac point-of-care ultrasound images? Can AI meaningfully shorten the learning curve for trainees and nonexpert users? In what ways does AI enhance image interpretation and quantitative assessment in cardiac POCUS? What AI-guidance and interpretive solutions are currently available on the market? What are the limitations and challenges associated with integrating AI into bedside cardiac POCUS?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn    Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 05-March-2026

Cardioneural Ablation in Practice: Cases, Curves, and Clinical Impact   Guest: Guru Kowlgi, M.B.B.S., M.S. Host: Anthony Kashou, M.D.   In this episode of segment “ECG Making Waves” on Mayo Clinic podcast Interviews With the Experts, Dr. Anthony Kashou interviews Dr. Guru Kowlgi, a consultant in heart rhythm services at Mayo Clinic and assistant professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science. Listeners will hear a deep dive into real-world experience with cardioneural ablation, focusing on case volume, patient selection, and clinical outcomes.     Topics Discussed: What clinical problem is cardioneural ablation trying to solve? Cover indications, both established and new How many cardioneural ablation cases have you performed to date? (How has case selection evolved over time?) What are your success rates? Any complications? Any concerns about long-term autonomic imbalance? What trials or data are still needed?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn    Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 01-May-2026

Epidemiology of Myocarditis   Guest: Leslie Cooper, M.D. Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.   Approximately 1,000,000 cases of myocarditis are diagnosed annually with an incidence of approximately 16/100,000.  The incidence is highest in men between 15 and 45 years of age.  However, after age 60 years, women have higher mortality than men. The overall mortality rate is 0.4/100,000.  The rates of diagnosis are double in high SDI regions compared to low STI regions, most likely due to the availability of the pivot all diagnostic tests, cardiac MRI and heart biopsy.  The incidence rates are stable while the death rates have decreased from 1990 to 2023.  Finally, the causes of myocarditis or changing with more cases of immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis which can affect between 0.2 and 1.1% of patients receiving these cancer therapies.   Topics Discussed: How does the epidemiology of myocarditis help inform clinical practice for individual patient management? Are there clinically important sex differences in myocarditis incidence and mortality which practicing physician should be aware of? Are the causes of myocarditis changing? If so, how does a change in etiology affect management?   For more information, review the study below: Klingel, K., Tschöpe, C., Yon, D.K. et al. Global epidemiology of myocarditis: disparities in age, sex and geography. Nat Rev Cardiol (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-026-01276-w   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn    Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 01-April-2026

Chronic Total Occlusion   Guest: Abhiram Prasad, M.D. Host: Paul Friedman, M.D.   Chronic total occlusions are frequently encountered and are associated with complex coronary artery disease and diffuse atherosclerosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention is a suitable option for relieving angina in select patients who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy. Success rates of over 80% can be routinely achieved by CTO operators with MACE rates of less than 5%.   Topics Discussed: Who is the ideal patient for CTO PCI? Which practices in CTO PCI maximize success and minimize risk? Is there a role of viability testing when evaluating patients for CTO PCI? Is there a role for non-culprit CTO PCI for complete revascularization post AMI? Is there any new clinical trial data for CTO PCI? Are there any new devices for CTO PCI?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn    Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 14-April-2026

Tricuspid Repair and Replacement in the Cath Lab: A New Era   Guest: Mackram Eleid, M.D. Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.   In this episode of “Interviews With the Experts,” Mayo Clinic consultant in interventional cardiology Dr. Mackram Eleid explored the evolving landscape of transcatheter therapies for tricuspid valve disease. Listeners will hear an overview of current indications, benefits, and risks associated with transcatheter tricuspid repair and replacement. The discussion highlighted key factors that influence the choice between repair and replacement, reviewed current evidence, and examined important knowledge gaps and emerging data that may shape future clinical practice.   Topics Discussed: What is the current threshold to recommend tricuspid intervention in a patient TR? What are the strengths and weaknesses of transcatheter tricuspid repair versus replacement? What evidence in the field is still needed?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on X: @MayoClinicCV  LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic | LinkedIn     Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 18-January-2026

Aortic Stenosis in the Younger Patient in 2026   Guest: Mackram Eleid, M.D. Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.   Dr. Malcolm Bell interviews Dr. Malcolm Eleid on the diagnosis and management of aortic stenosis in younger patients, as well as discussing patient-centered decision-making considerations for lifetime management of aortic stenosis. After review, listeners will understand current indications as well as advantages and disadvantages of transcatheter versus aortic valve replacement for younger patients with aortic stenosis.    Topics Discussed: What factors are taken into account when considering lifetime management of aortic stenosis? Can valve in valve be performed inside of a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) prosthesis? Who are the patients that are better served with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 28-January-2026

What Cardiologists Should Know About Aortic Pathology   Guest: Melanie Bois, M.D. Host: Malcom Bell, M.D.   Is all aortic disease the same?  In this episode, Dr. Melanie Bois reviews the major diagnostic categories of aortic disease and how they influence patient management, including surgical decision-making, surveillance, and genetic evaluation. The discussion involves the causes of heritable thoracic aortic aneurysms and highlights how pathology findings can provide important clues to underlying genetic syndromes. Finally, Dr. Bois outlines the spectrum of inflammatory aortic diseases and explore key differential diagnoses that help distinguish immune-mediated, infectious, and degenerative processes.   Topics Discussed: Are there special diagnostic considerations for the ascending versus descending aorta? What causes aneurysmal dilatation in the ascending aorta? How does the underlying cause impact management? What should I be looking for in the pathology report?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 28-January-2026

Comparing Marfan Syndrome, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, and Vascular EDS   Guest: Juan Bowen, M.D. Host: Paul Friedman, M.D.   Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are clinical problems seen in an aortic clinic. Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a common feature, but the three conditions differ in the severity of aortic and arterial disease and in the types of extracardiac problems that require management. Making an accurate diagnosis is an essential first step in their successful management.   Topics Discussed: What mutations cause Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and the vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome? What is the natural history of these three conditions? How is aortic and vascular disease managed in these three conditions? What are the non-cardiac problems most often encountered in these three conditions?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 17-February-2026

Inflammatory Aortic Aneurysms   Guest: Kenneth Warrington, M.D. Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.   In this episode of “Interviews With the Experts,” the listener will learn how to identify the common signs and symptoms associated with inflammatory aortic disease, as well as understand the conditions associated with inflammatory aortic aneurysms. Dr. Kenneth Warrington, John F. Finn Minnesota Arthritis Foundation Professor and consultant in rheumatology at Mayo Clinic, reviews the latest imaging techniques and treatments for inflammatory aortic disease.   Topics Discussed: How do patients with inflammatory aortic disease present in clinical practice? Which specific conditions are associated with inflammatory aortic aneurysms? How are inflammatory aortic aneurysms diagnosed? How are patients with inflammatory aortic aneurysms managed?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 15-January-2026

Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation with Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion   Guest: Ammar Killu, M.B.B.S. Host: Anthony Kashou, M.D.   In this episode of Interviews with the Expert: ECG Making Waves, host Dr. Anthony Kashou is joined by Dr. Ammar Killu to discuss the evolving role of combining pulsed field ablation (PFA) with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) for patients with atrial fibrillation. Together, they explore the rationale for a combined approach, the potential advantages of PFA over conventional thermal ablation, and key procedural considerations for performing both interventions safely and effectively in a single session.   Topics Discussed: Why consider combining pulsed field ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion in the same AF patient? What does PFA add compared with conventional thermal ablation when planning a combined ablation–LAAO strategy? What are the procedural caveats when PFA and LAAO are done concomitantly?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 26-June-2026

What the Cardiologist Needs to Know About Marfan Syndrome   Guest: Juan Bowen, M.D. Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.   The prevalence of Marfan syndrome is estimated to be 1 in 5,000 people. Approximately 75% of cases are inherited and 25% are de novo mutations. Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene encoding for fibrillin 1. Management includes protection of the aorta with medication, surveillance imaging, and timely preventive aortic repair. Extracardiac problems are less lethal but affect quality of life.   Topics Discussed: What are the physical findings in Marfan syndrome? What is the relationship of fibrillin 1 to the TGF beta pathway? Which medications have been shown to have aortic protective effects? When should patients have aortic repair? How is pregnancy managed in Marfan syndrome? How should non cardiac problems be managed?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 14-January-2026

Contraception Decision-making for Pre-menopausal Women with Cardiovascular Disease   Guest: Margaret Long, M.D. Host: Marysia Tweet, M.D., M.S.   This podcast discusses how to approach contraceptive counseling for premenopausal women with cardiovascular disease, emphasizing individualized decision-making based on pregnancy goals and medical risks. It highlights safer options—such as progestin-only methods and intrauterine devices—while cautioning against estrogen-containing contraceptives due to increased thrombotic risk. The discussion also reviews practical considerations for cardiologists, including managing contraception after cardiac events and coordinating care with specialists. Overall, it underscores that effective contraception is typically safer than pregnancy for patients with significant cardiac conditions   Topics Discussed: How do you approach contraception decision making in a patient with cardiac disease? Are some contraception options safer than others? Are those options just as effective? Will a specific method affect blood pressure or cholesterol? Are there other side effects to be aware of? What if a patient has an adverse event such as a heart attack or pulmonary embolus while on oral contraception? What is your approach to those patients? What are the most important lessons you would like to share with cardiovascular specialists?   Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices. LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services Cardiovascular Education App: The Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME App is an innovative educational platform that features cardiology-focused continuing medical education wherever and whenever you need it. Use this app to access other free content and browse upcoming courses. Download it for free in Apple or Google stores today! No CME credit offered for this episode.   Podcast episode transcript found here.   Recorded on: 23-January-2026