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In this conversation, Charlene Ronquillo, a Filipina scholar, registered nurse, and health implementation expert at the University of British Columbia School of Nursing, engages in a captivating dialogue with Chantelle Recsky, a dedicated nurse and postdoctoral research fellow. Together, they delve into the crucial topic of "Advancing Compassionate and Equitable Healthcare through Technology." Charlene, an AMS healthcare fellow and compassion and AI advocate, brings her extensive background as a health informatician, focusing on critical theory and implementation science. Her program of research is dedicated to ensuring the meaningful inclusion of non-dominant groups in the development of health technologies. Join them as they explore Charlene's recent work, which investigates the role of nursing data in shaping opportunities to embed health equity in machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence for health systems. Chantelle, driven by her passion for improving healthcare, shares insights into collaborative research methods. As a postdoctoral research fellow hosted at BC Cancer in partnership with the UBC School of Nursing, Chantelle's research centers around the intersection of technology and quality of care. With a keen interest in the unintended consequences of advancing technologies in the health system, she contributes valuable perspectives to the discussion. Tune in for a thought-provoking exploration of compassionate, equitable, and inclusive technology use in healthcare, featuring two dynamic voices at the forefront of shaping the future of nursing and health informatics. Chantelle: https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/51211.html Charlene: https://www.charleneronquillo.com/ Nursing & Artificial Intelligence Leadership (NAIL) Collaborative https://www.nailcollab.org/

In this conversation, Laura Sikstrom, a Medical Anthropologist and Project Scientist at The Krembil Center for Neuroinformatics at the Center for Addiction and Mental Health, and an AMS Healthcare fellow in Compassion and AI, speaks with Sean Hill, the Director of The Krembil Center for Neuroinformatics, Senior Scientist at the Center for Addiction and Mental Health, and Professor at the University of Toronto. They discuss the meaning of fairness in mental health and the concepts used to support. Dr. Laura Sikstrom is also an assistant professor (status-only) in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Toronto. Dr. Sikstrom also co-leads the Predictive Care Team at CAMH, which focuses on the intricate intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and mental health care. By integrating computational techniques with ethnographic insights, this team investigates the potential and challenges of incorporating AI into mental health practice, with a focus on compassionate and equitable care. Dr. Sikstrom received funding from AMS Healthcare, Google, SSHRC and CIHR and is also a nominee for the prestigious Governor General’s Gold Award.  Dr. Sean Hill is also a computational neuroscientist with experience in building large-scale computational models of brain circuitry. The Centre collaborates with clinicians and researchers, employing neuroinformatics, artificial intelligence, and multi-scale modeling, to develop data-driven definitions of brain disorders, predict patient trajectories, and transform mental health care. Dr. Hill applies large-scale data integration, neuroinformatics, multiscale brain modeling and machine learning to improve our understanding and treatment of mental health disorders. The Centre’s mandate is to accelerate global collaborations in brain science using the power of big data and brain modeling to fundamentally change how mental illness is understood. Resources: Sikstrom, Laura, Marta M. Maslej, Zoe Findlay, Gillian Strudwick, Katrina Hui, Juveria Zaheer, Sean L. Hill, and Daniel Z. Buchman. 2023. “Predictive Care: A Protocol for a Computational Ethnographic Approach to Building Fair Models of Inpatient Violence in Emergency Psychiatry.”  Sikstrom, Laura, Marta M. Maslej, Katrina Hui, Zoe Findlay, Daniel Z. Buchman, and Sean L. Hill. 2022. “Conceptualising Fairness: Three Pillars for Medical Algorithms and Health Equity.”  What is ‘AI’ and what is it doing in psychiatry? A webinar presented at the RBC Patient & Family Learning Space, CAMH, November 2, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qVUs-BnGIOU What happens to our brains when we get depressed? The Walrus, 2021, by Simon Lewsen. https://thewalrus.ca/what-happens-to-our-brains-when-we-get-depressed/

In this conversation Dr. Kumanan Wilson, speaks to Jaron Chong, discuss the opportunities for generative AI in healthcare diagnosis, efficiencies and education today and tomorrow. Dr. Jaron Chong is an Assistant Professor of Diagnostic Radiology at the Department of Medical Imaging at Western University. He completed diagnostic radiology residency training at McGill University with a Body Cross-Sectional Imaging Fellowship at Yale New-Haven Hospital and a Masters in Health Informatics at the University of Toronto. His clinical interests include cross-sectional abdominal imaging, Abdominal/GU oncologic imaging in MRI and CT modalities, with research interests in the appropriate utilization of medical imaging and AI-assisted augmented radiology. He serves as the Chair of the Canadian Association of Radiology Standing Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Ad-Hoc Member of the Health Canada Scientific Advisory Committee on Digital Health Technologies. Dr. Kumanan Wilson is a board member at AMS.  He is the Interim CEO and Chief Scientific Officer, Bruyère Research Institute and VP Research and Academic Affairs, Bruyère Continuing Care. He had previously served as an innovation advisor for Bruyère. Dr. Wilson is also a specialist in General Internal Medicine at The Ottawa Hospital and a Full Professor and Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Chair in Digital Health Innovation at the University of Ottawa. He is the co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer of CANImmunize, a science-based technology company specializing in immunization software. Dr. Wilson’s research focuses on digital health, health data, immunization, pandemic preparedness and public health policy and innovation. He has received support from multiple organizations including the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the World Health Organization (WHO), The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Canada’s Immunity Task Force.

In this conversation, Ibukun Abejirinde, a scientist at the Institute for Health System Solutions at Women's College Hospital, and Assistant Professor at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto, and an AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and AI chats with Terence Tang, a General Internal Medicine Physician at Trillium Health Partners, a Clinician Scientist at the Institute for Better Health and an AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and AI. They discuss social determinants of health, health inequities, and digitally enabled models of care. Ibukun Abejirinde is an Implementation and Evaluation Scientist who works with policymakers, patients, community organizations, and researchers to find practical solutions to persistent and emergent problems in healthcare. Her research focus on innovative models of care that use digital technology. Specifically, how they impact health equity and health service delivery. Ultimately, her goal is to improve access to high-quality care for everyone, irrespective of where they live or where they are from. Dr. Abejirinde is currently a Scientist at the Institute for Health System Solutions, Women’s College Hospital where her work informs the implementation, sustainability, and expansion of virtual care programs within and beyond Ontario. She is also an Assistant Professor (Status) at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto. As a 2022 AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and AI, her study is being conducted in partnership with three community partners, with the aim of understanding how immigrants and refugees to Canada experience virtual care and digital health compassion.  AMS Research Team Members - Ibukun Abejirinde (Scientist/Principal Investigator) - Emily Ha (Research Associate and PhD candidate, UoT) - Marlena Dang Nguyen (Equity Specialist and Research Coordinator) - Kyla Gaeul Lee (PhD student, UoT) - Isabelle Choon-Kon-Yune (Research Assistant) - Mohaddesa Khawari (Peer Researcher) AMS Study Research Partners 1. FCJ Refugee Centre Website 2. Crossroads Clinic, Women’s College Hospital Website 3. Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services Website AMS Research Advisory Team Members 1. Dr. Vanessa Redditt 2. Denise Zarn 3. Dr. Onil Bhattacharyya 4. Dr. Jay Shaw Readings and Resources 1. Abejirinde IO, Ha E, Nguyen MD, Kaur D, Redditt V. Beyond technology: Digital Health Compassion for Canadian Immigrants and Refugees. January 2023. Volume 19, Number 4. Canadian Diversity (pg. 10-12). https://km4s.ca/2023/04/beyond-technology-digital-health- compassion-for-canadian-immigrants-and-refugees/ 2. Panel Discussion. Digital Health Imperative - Equity and System Transformation. Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services, Canada. All Staff Professional Development Day. November 2022. Summaries- blog and video clip 3. Hankivsky, O., Grace, D., Hunting, G. et al. An intersectionality-based policy analysis framework: critical reflections on a methodology for advancing equity. Int J Equity Health 13, 119 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-014-0119-x 4. Hodges BD, Paech G, Bennett J. Without Compassion, There Is No Healthcare: Compassionate Care in a Technological World. Edited by Brian D. Hodges, Gail Paech, and Jocelyn Bennett. McGill-Queen’s University Press; 2020. 5. Crenshaw K. Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics [1989]. In: 1st ed. Routledge; 1991:57-80. doi:10.4324/9780429500480-5 6. Singh P, King-Shier K, Sinclair S. The colours and contours of compassion: A systematic review of the perspectives of compassion among ethnically diverse patients and healthcare providers. Van Bogaert P, ed. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(5):e0197261. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197261 Want to connect? Are you attending the Metropolis Social Determinants of Health Conference

In this episode, Dr. Connie Schumacher, Assistant Professor of Nursing at Brock University and an AMS fellow in compassionate AI, and Dr. Andrew Costa, Associate Professor at McMaster University and the Research Director at the St. Joseph's Health System Center for Integrative Care in Hamilton and Connie's mentor, discuss Connie's research on compassion centered communication of risk and self administered online health assessments. St. Joseph's Center for Integrated Care - Centre for Integrated Care (stjoescic.ca) YourCare+ Check-Up Assessment -  YourCare+ (yourcareplus.ca) References Schumacher, C., Dash, D., Mowbray, F., Klea, L., & Costa, A. (2021). A qualitative study of home care client and caregiver experiences with a complex cardio-respiratory management model. BMC geriatrics, 21(1), 1-11.  Costa, A. P., Schumacher, C., Jones, A., Dash, D., Campbell, G., Junek, M., ... & Haughton, D. (2019). DIVERT-Collaboration Action Research and Evaluation (CARE) Trial Protocol: a multiprovincial pragmatic cluster randomised trial of cardiorespiratory management in home care. BMJ open, 9(12), e030301. Jones, A., Schumacher, C., Bronskill, S. E., Campitelli, M. A., Poss, J. W., Seow, H., & Costa, A. P. (2018). The association between home care visits and same-day emergency department use: a case–crossover study. CMAJ, 190(17), E525-E531.  Jones, A., Bronskill, S. E., Agarwal, G., Seow, H., Feeny, D., & Costa, A. P. (2019). The primary care and other health system use of home care patients: a retrospective cohort analysis. Canadian Medical Association Open Access Journal, 7(2), E360-E370.

Biographies Gillian Strudwick Bio Venkat Bhat   If you wish to participate in the study: https://www.honeybeetrials.com/researcher/018850/a-paid-digital-health-study-for- nurses Program: Interventional Neuropsychiatry Program Study Funder Department of Defense, Canada (IDeAS Program): https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/programs/defence-ideas/element/competitive-projects/challenges/moral-trauma-frontline-see-prevent-treat.html UHT-St. Michael’s link to the Phase 1 of the current project (Phase 2): https://unityhealth.to/2021/08/vr-moral-distress-pandemic/ Useful Resources: https://covid19-sciencetable.ca/sciencebrief/burnout-in-hospital-based-healthcare- workers-during-covid-19/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35614505/ https://theconversation.com/high-rates-of-covid-19-burnout-could-lead-to-shortage-of- health-care-workers-166476 https://www.researchprotocols.org/2022/2/e32240/   Pertinent Publication Links: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34871178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9731177/ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=10095849 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36310921/  

Welcome to our conversation titled, Digital Therapeutics Informed by Lived Experience. In this conversation Quynh Pham, Scientific Director and Principal Investigator at the Center for Digital Therapeutics at the University Health Network, and an AMS healthcare fellow and Compassionate AI, speaks with Joseph Cafazzo, Biomedical Engineer, Educator and Researcher, and the Wolfond Chair in Digital Health University Health Network. Quynh and Joe engage on digital health, digital therapeutics and the lived stories that have inspired their groundbreaking work. Twitter: @drquynhpham / @josephcafazzo Academic profiles: Quynh / Joe The Centre for Digital Therapeutics: https://www.centrefordigitaltherapeutics.ca/ The Medly digital therapeutic for heart failure management https://medly.ca/ Developing Digital Therapeutics: The University Health Network Experience: https://commercialbiotechnology.com/menuscript/index.php/jcb/article/view/1023 (PDF of paper attached) The Value of Technology to Support Dyadic Caregiving for Individuals Living With Heart Failure: Qualitative Descriptive Study: https://www.jmir.org/2022/9/e40108/ The Future of Virtual Care for Older Ethnic Adults Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: https://www.jmir.org/2022/1/e29876/ A Dyadic Digital Health Module for Chronic Disease Shared Care: Design Thinking: https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/45035 3 Ways to Support Patient-Caregiver Pairs through Equitable Virtual Care: https://transformhf.ca/medly-caretown-virtual-care/    

Jen Recknagel Director, Innovation and Design, NORC Innovation Centre Jen combines a background in human-centered design to address challenges at the intersection of health and its social determinants. Experienced with executing a variety of service design projects, she is currently the Senior Design Lead at UHN OpenLab, and Director of Innovation and Design at the NORC Innovation Centre. Her work is focused on engaging a diverse set of stakeholders, and using participatory-led approaches to developing solutions to complex organizational and health system challenges, a national award-winning magazine focused on urban health in Toronto. Isabel Mannion RN, BN, M Sc,(A) , CHE Member of the Seniors Advisory Committee and The NORC Innovation Centre Advisory Committee Isabel Mannion has baccalaureate and master’s degrees in nursing with a particular interest and experience in gerontology, the study of aging. A retired senior, she enjoyed a long career working in, consulting, accrediting, speaking, and writing about the care of elders and others in long term, chronic and acute care, UHN’s NORC Innovation Centre, and serves on two of its committees. NIC Vision The NORC Innovation Centre at UHN (NIC) is a first-of-its-kind centre advancing new models of social connection and accessible care for older adults living in the community. Our mission is to support a new model of integrated health and social care in naturally-occurring retirement communities (NORC), and to develop health, social, and technology solutions that support healthy aging. Resources NORC Innovation Centre at UHN Stay Updated: Twitter | LinkedIn | Sign Up For Our Emails Policy Paper created in conjunction with the National Institute for Aging “It’s Time to Unleash the Power of Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities in Canada” https://norcinnovationcentre.ca/wp-content/uploads/NORC-Report-FINAL.pdf Toronto Star article Women’s College Hospital Women’s College Hospital and NIC have secured a 3 million research grant funding to study NORCs in Toronto. The objective of the research is to identify new solutions by successfully implementing community-driven NORCs enhanced with on-site access to health services and social supports (referred to as ‘enhanced NORCs’) that leverage and build on existing community resources.  Women’s Age lab website Definition: ‘Elder orphans,’ without kids or spouses, face old age alone. An overlooked segment of the population.

In this conversation, Benjamin Chin-Yee, an AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and AI Clinical Fellow in Hematology at Western University and Post Doctoral Associate at the Rotman Institute of Philosophy at Western engages with Jay Shaw, an AMS Healthcare Phoenix Fellow Assistant Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy at the University of Toronto and Research Director of AI Ethics and Health at the University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics discuss digital technologies for healthcare and health equity and the impact these technologies are going to have on how we care for patients AMS Website https://www.ams-inc.on.ca/ Benjamin Chin-Yee https://www.benchinyee.com/ Jay Shaw https://ihpme.utoronto.ca/faculty/james-jay-andrew-shaw/ Challenges and Strategies in Engaging Structurally Marginalized Communities in Virtual Care: https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-abstract/29/5/990/6532728?login=false The Definition of Inclusive Design: https://tinyurl.com/2p8drzjh COVID-19, digital health technology and the politics of the unprecedented by Dillon Wamsley and Benjamin Chin-Yee: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211019441

In this episode, Sarah Munce, Scientist at the KITE Research Institute at the University Health Network, and Assistant Professor in the department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy at the University of Toronto, and Jennifer Stinson, Nurse and Clinician Scientist in the Child Health Evaluative Science Programs within the Research Institute at the Hospital for Sick Children, discuss virtual peer navigation as an avenue for the delivery of compassionate care for youth, and a smartphone based app that has been developed to help young people cope with pain.  Pediatric Patient Engagement Online Training Material https://porcch.ca/

A Conversational Health Chatbot, Bringing Compassion to a Tailored Digital Health Intervention for Women with Heart Disease. Supervisors and Mentors Dr. Elizabeth Peter, Professor, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto. Dr. Peter locates her work in feminist health care and will provide mentorship in compassionate care. Dr. Joe Cafazzo, Executive Director, Healthcare Human Factors, University Health Network. Dr. Cafazzo will provide mentorship on digital technologies that allow for self-care at home. Dr. Mustafa Al-Durra, Cloud Solution Architect, Microsoft. Dr. Al-Durra will provide mentorship in artificial intelligence, Chatbot innovation, and eHealth/mHealth trends. Four women with lived experiences will be advisors to this fellowship: - Ms. Nicole Nickerson had a heart attack while pregnant and contributed her lived experience in an at heart Her Stories podcast. - Ms. Donna Hart had a heart transplant and contributed her lived experience in an at heart Her Stories video. - Ms. Vincenza Spiteri DeBonis has non-obstructive coronary artery disease and contributed her lived experience in an at heart Her Stories video. - Ms. Lise Owens has Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and contributed her lived experience in an at heart Her Stories podcast. Proposed Compassion Technologies and Attributes for Chatbot ‘Holly’ Chit-Chat. Relationship optimization – bidirectional, phased, actionable conversation (Authentic, Aware, Respectful). Text Summarization. Voice tone and/or responsive data points in the text of women used to assess mood/emotion (Aware, Empathic, Empowering). Personalized Learning. A responsive Library (Credible, Trustworthy, Reliable). Customization and Branding. Personalization using colour, style, image, and language (Credible) Short Messaging Service (SMS) and Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS). Praise and offer support (Empowering). Select References 1. Virani T, Tait A, McConnell H, Scott C, Gergolas E. Nursing Best Practice Guideline: Establishing Therapeutic Relationships. Toronto2002. 2. Sinclair S, McClement S, Raffin-Bouchal S, et al. Compassion in Health Care: An Empirical Model. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2016;51(2). 3. How Woebot Forms a Therapeutic Bond. UK: Woebot Health; 2021. 4. Parry M, Bjornnes A, Victor J, et al. Self-management interventions for women with cardiac pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 2018;34:458-467.

In this episode we have two brilliant scientists, both AMS Fellows in AI and Compassion, discussing how important compassion is in the co-design of digital care allowing for buy- in, ownership and engagement for patient, provider and community alike. Carolyn Steele-Gray, PhD Scientist, Toronto’s Bridgepoint Laboratory for Research and Innovation, Sinai Health Assistant Professor, Institute for Health Management Policy Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto Tier Two Canada Research C hair in Implementing Health Innovation 2020 AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and Technology Mike Lovas, BEng, MASc, BDes Director of Design and Innovation at Cancer Digital Intelligence, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre at UHN. 2021 AMS Healthcare Fellow in Compassion and Technology