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The ISS is the greatest product of international space cooperation ever achieved. It is also a product of happening at exactly the right time to actually be possible. Today, we’re talking to space policy expert Nik Proxima about the history of the ISS. We cover its conception as a post-Cold War recycling program, why it continued to operate even as member nations became adversaries, and how space cooperation today is very different from 20 years ago.  Check out Nik’s work here: Space Scout and Proxima: A Human Exploration of Mars FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

This is a preview of a bonus episode. To hear the rest of the episode and unlock more bonus content, support Failure To Launch on Patreon at any tier. A formative game from our childhoods, Call of Duty Modern Warfare 2, has a very controversial moment that some have argued could negatively influence young minds. We are of course talking about the mission where you destroy the ISS with a hijacked nuclear missile. And to better explore the topic of space law and nuclear EMPs, we brought on space policy wonk Nik Proxima to talk about it! Check out Nik’s work here: Space Scout and Proxima: A Human Exploration of Mars FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

In 1947, Georg Rickhey, General Director of Mittelwerk, was charged with war crimes. He was acquitted for lack of evidence.Today, Quinn and Chris are talking about Operation Paperclip and the deliberate efforts made by its staff to protect post-war Nazis from justice and war crimes trials (conducted by other US military officers).   Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945–1990, Linda Hunt - The Rocket and the Reich, Michael Neufeld - A History of the Dora Camp, Andre Sellier FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

This is a preview of a bonus episode. To hear the rest of the episode and unlock more bonus content, support Failure To Launch on Patreon at any tier. I do not much like the Federation of Central Usea (FCU). They’ve done some bad things.  This week, Quinn, Chris, and Other Chris cover Ulysses from discovery to impact to the decades of fallout we still live with today. How humanity faced a possible extinction event, how we came together to defend ourselves, and how every Shield against Ulysses was turned into a Sword for war.  [This is an in-character episode covering the Ulysses Impact Event from the video game series Ace Combat. A big thank you to all the fans who contributed to the Journey Home singalong and Kilian Croghan for the episode art!] SOURCES: - Encyclopedia Strangereal - Last Christmas, Gaze Magazine (Jan 1, 1999) - Asteroid On Collision Course With Earth, Usea Today (Apr 21, 1996) - Titan Guns, Our Science (Sept 20, 1998) - The Twelve Colors of the Sky, Kei Nagase - Lines in the Sand: A Memoir, L. Foulke FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

What with all the history talk, we haven't really yet tackled the space elephant in the room: that the space industry is increasingly run by billionaires and open fascists. So today, we're chatting with Ziggy, a post-graduate student studying fascist movements and their ties to scifi, on how reactionary movements in the past and present have co-opted space for their political ends. Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

This is a preview of a bonus episode. To hear the rest of the episode and unlock more bonus content, support Failure To Launch on Patreon at any tier. In the months before the Bombs Fell, the American space program was preparing for its greatest challenge yet: reaching the Red Planet. But the program wasn't as innocent as it seemed. This week, Scribe Quintus is taking Chris and Other Chris through the history of the USSA's Mars Shot Project and the XMB Booster developed by ArcJet Systems.   A big thanks to Alex the OK, Nicholas Slayton, Angry Scooter, and Kelly of CIAS for contributing audiologs to this episode. FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

Capsule: check. Monkey: check. Downers: check. To celebrate our 5th anniversary as a show, Quinn, Chris, and Other Chris are going back to the well to talk about our first ever topic: Project Albert. Or “that time the US Government launched a half dozen doped-up monkeys on captured Nazi V-2s”.  Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Animals in Space, Colin Burgess and Chris Dubbs - Packing for Mars, Mary Roach - A Brief History of Animals in Space, NASA FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

In the summer of 1966, work at China’s top-secret space program ground to a halt as every worker spent every day putting up posters, making denunciations, and murdering each other. This week, Quinn, Chris, and Other Chris are joined by November Kelly to talk about Project 714, China’s secret crewed space program and the incredibly dumb reason it died.  Check out November's work here (TF), and here (WTYP), and here (KJB), and here (BGDC), and here (NGNM)! Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Thread of the Silkworm, Iris Chang - China in Space, Brian Harvey - China’s Space Program, S. Chandrashekar FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

The first space food was made by veterinarians instead of dieticians and was so bad that many astronauts chose to fast through their missions. And it could've been *so* much worse. This week, Quinn, Chris, and Other Chris are talking to Dr Kaveh Hoda, gastroenterologist and host of the House of Pod podcast about the wonderful, disgusting world of astronaut kibble.  Check out Kaveh's work here! Tragically, Backstroke of the West appears to have been taken down Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Packing For Mars, Mary Roach - Conference on Nutrition in Space and Related Waste Problems FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

This is a preview of a bonus episode. To hear the rest of the episode and unlock more bonus content, support Failure To Launch on Patreon at any tier. Count the moons, duster! Today, Quinn (Belter), Chris (Martian), and Other Chris (Earther) are talking about the largest ship ever built by humans, the LDSS Nauvoo aka the OPAS Behemoth aka Medina Station. We cover its transformation from an ark for the faithful to a missile against the alien to a battleship for the Belt and to a crossroads between stars.

While most of NASA was focused on the Apollo Moon Program, a separate division was hard at work building then deliberately blowing up nuclear rocket cores all over Nevada. This week, we’re talking to train and nuclear knower Scooter about the weird and convoluted story of American nuclear rockets.  Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community! SOURCES: - Nuclear propulsion: A vital technology for the exploration of Mars and the planets beyond, NASA  - The NERVA Nuclear Rocket Reactor Program, W H Esselman FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

A secret military space station, a rookie crew, a flaky autopilot, insufficient batteries, a freak winter storm, and a frozen lake. We’re joined by space and KSP youtuber Matt Lowne to talk about Soyuz-23, the only water touchdown of a Soviet spacecraft and how it very nearly killed its entire crew.  Check out Matt’s videos here! Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft, Rex Hall - Salyut-5: The Last Military Lab, Anatoly Zak - https://www.astronomy.com/space-exploration/soyuz-23-how-two-cosmonauts-almost-died-after-landing-back-on-earth/  FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

This is a preview of a bonus episode. To hear the rest of the episode and unlock more bonus content, support Failure To Launch on Patreon at any tier. In the wake of Operation:REVIVAL, House Kurita embarked on a crash WarShip development program to try and match the naval superiority of the Clans. Today, we are joined by Dr. Randolph P. Checkers, one of the Periphery’s finest historians, to discuss one product of this program, the ill-fated Tatsumaki Class destroyer.

The guy who made the Ultima games owns a space tank. We’re back with auto journalist and podcaster Victoria Scott to keep talking Lunokhod. In Part 2, we go over the journey of Lunokhod 2, lives saved in the Chernobyl Disaster, and the post-Soviet desperation that led to a Moon rover being sold for $68,500.  Check out Victoria’s work here and listen to Tran Girlismo! Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Unmanned Missions toward the Moon, Anatoly Zak - Soviet and Russian Lunar Exploration, Brian Harvey - Tank on the Moon, 2007 FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy

In a desperate bid to one-up the American Apollo missions, the Soviets built nuclear Moon tanks. We’re joined by auto journalist and podcaster Victoria Scott for a series on the Soviet Lunokhod rovers. In Part 1, we talk about the three-pronged Soviet lunar program, how they built the first space tank, and how you can stay warm in winter with a kilo of Polonium-210.  Check out Victoria’s work here and listen to Tran Girlismo! Find our merch store here Support FTL on Patreon to unlock bonus content and join our Discord community SOURCES: - Unmanned Missions toward the Moon, Anatoly Zak - Soviet and Russian Lunar Exploration, Brian Harvey - Tank on the Moon, 2007 FTL theme song by DJ Danarchy