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What a pleasure it was to have Rohit Malpani and Peiling Yap on the show, editors of a new journal about AI in Global health.  This one is for researchers, implementers of digital and AI tools in low resource settings.  We cover: The challenges for people in the so called Global South to have a leading voice in academia. Hype and reality on AI: premiums on speed to publish and oneupmanship vs investigating what really makes things workWhy publishing things that went wrong or unexpectedly is needed even moreHow academic journals and publishing can do betterHow people in digital health and AI in healthcare should approach evidence generationThe future of academic publishing in a world increasingly short of attention, patience and deep workHow Ronny Chieng’s Harvard address can make us think critically about what we should be optimising towards.  Plus what the new RSTM AI in Global Health journal is looking for and what type of papers most excite them Links!Ronny Chieng Harvard address. Seriously, watch it. IDRC funded AI4GH work mentioned by Peiling, also published in a great special collection in npj Digial Medicine Big tech hiring philosophers articleIndustry AI research articleConversational agents are super communicative, not super intelligent article New Video series!Finally, check out a brand new Youtube video series about Tech for Global health challenges. The first one is on Tuberculosis, with the Wellcome Trust, QureAI, AI Diagnostics, Community Health Impact Coalition and Audere. If you liked this episode, share with people who would learn from it! And head over to gpodh.org and check out a few related ones. Leave us a review or send us a message.  1. Evaluation Level up with Shay Soremekun2. Implementation 101 and how to fail well with Caroline Perrin Want to sponsor a deep dive episode? Get in touch at gpodh.org

The most vulnerable moment in any human life is the first few hours. In this episode, Shubs talks with Dr. Josh Bress, pediatrician, President of Global Strategies and Medical Director of NoviGuide, a tool used nearly half a million times to help nurses in remote facilities across Africa manage critical newborn care. Josh shares his experiences and stories from Eastern Congo, why paper guidelines fail at the bedside, how configuration (not customization) is the key to scaling, what it actually looks like to delight frontline health workers, and what's kept his team going through 15 years of building at the last mile. Essential listening for anyone building for impact in global health. "I'm not going to be better than these nurses. What can I do to help these nurses do their job better?"Key takeaways Paper guidelines end up on shelves, digital care pathways get to the bedside. Josh compares paper guidelines to an atlas and Novi Guide to Google Maps. Built right, digital can adapt to what you actually have, flow with real clinical decisions, and stay available at 3am.Configuration, not customisation, is how you scale. Everyone told Josh he'd have to rebuild NoviGuide for every country. He didn't. Clinical guidelines differ in predictable ways. The real variation is at the site level: what drugs, equipment, and diagnostics are available. Build for that and you can scale without starting from scratch.Delight your end user. Nurses turned NoviGuide into a verb. They trained others with more passion than Josh's own team could. They hit the feedback button asking for more. Treat frontline health workers as true customers, not passive recipients.Local leadership is the engine of scale. Josh has personally met fewer than a dozen of NoviGuide's users across nearly half a million uses. Scale happened because local leaders like Dr. Nakakeeto in Uganda took ownership and made the tool their own.This is practical, heartfelt and full of so much wisdom for people building, developing policy or funding tech solutions for healthcare in low resource settings.  About JoshuaDr. Joshua Bress is a pediatrician and leads the nonprofit Global Strategies, where he serves as the medical director of the NoviGuide clinical decision support platform. He completed his undergraduate studies at Harvard University, attended medical school at Vanderbilt University, and then completed his pediatric residency at the University of California, San Francisco. After residency, he moved to eastern Congo, living and working in the city of Goma from 2011 to 2012. That experience, and the challenges of sustaining high-quality care in resource-limited settings, led him to focus on clinical decision support. Today, he works with a multidisciplinary team to develop and scale NoviGuide, a point-of-care platform used by nurses and clinicians to deliver guideline-based care for newborns and children, helping bridge the gap between training, guidelines, and real-world clinical practice.​ (00:00) - Introduction to Global Health and Neonatology (05:17) - The Unique Challenges of Newborn Care (07:33) - Experiences in Eastern Congo (10:21) - The Role of Nurses in Neonatal Care (12:50) - Identifying Gaps in Neonatal Care (15:19) - Developing the Novi Guide (18:09) - Adapting Guidelines for Local Contexts (20:50) - User-Centric Design in Healthcare Technology (23:41) - Scaling the Novi Guide Across Regions (26:32) - The Importance of Local Adaptation (29:02) - Delighting Users with Effective Solutions (37:50) - Scaling Challenges and Insights (40:17) - The Importance of Local Leadership (43:05) - Customization vs. Configuration in Digital Tools (45:59) - Managing Complexity in Healthcare Applications (48:55) - The Role of Feedback in Product Development (51:34) - Balancing Trust and Scale in Healthcare (54:29) - Lessons from a leader (01:02:25) - What Policymakers and Funders can do better (01:07:52) - This is a team sport

Joe Alderman has this great ability to break down complex things into a good hearty discussion. Joe is an Anaesthetist by night and AI academic by day. His insights on what it takes to deploy and monitor AI in healthcare with a lens on not leaving people behind are relevant wherever in the world you are. We discussed some of the nuance and challenges around AI in healthcare, as well as some anti patterns  If you are a data or AI scientist, or shipping AI products, what can you do starting tomorrow to begin thinking more proactively about underserved communities or ensure you’re not creating unintended harm to vulnerable groups. Stuff the industry is not doing great on: We’re starting with the dataset or the technology we happen to have, instead of working backwards from what we are fundamentally trying to achieve in the world. (If I nodded any more at this point my head would have rolled off)A revisit on where things are with the Standing Together initiative, something Xiao Liu talked about in the very first episode.  In the UK, there are big areas where life expectancy is falling. Health inequalities are rising. Our datasets have bias. It’s tempting to fall into the narrative that this is a tech deficiency problem. It is not. It is a whole society problem and we’re not going to solve it with JUST tech. If govts, regulators and health systems find it challenging to be on top of the safety issues with LLMs, how are lay people going to? Joe covers how the upcoming work of the Healthcare Chatbot User Guide can help people navigate some of the key things they need to consider We cover a LOT in this 1 hour discussion, including how patients and clinicians can think more critically about which tasks to best use Gen AI with, and how to think about safety and liability.  This one is for AI and data scientists, product folk, developers and clinicians. Get it on your weekend playlist Links:MHRA’s National Commission into the Regulation of AI in Healthcare: https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/national-commission-into-the-regulation-of-ai-in-healthcare Building The Health Chatbot Users’ Guide: https://healthchatbotguide.org/ The NHS Fellowship in Clinical AI: https://www.nhsfellowship.ai/ NHS Digital Clinical Safety Training: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/clinical-safety/clinical-risk-management-training Chapters00:00 Introduction and Joe's work06:36 The Role of AI in Patient Care07:52 Navigating AI Risks and Benefits18:13 Addressing Health Data Poverty24:28 Building Responsible AI Systems30:18 Exploring Large Language Models in Healthcare34:05 Addressing Bias and Representativeness in AI Models40:04 Navigating Regulatory Challenges for AI Technologies40:51 Empowering Patients in the Age of AI44:32 Public Perception and Trust in Digital Health47:00 Identifying Real Problems in Healthcare Technology52:00 The Future of AI in Healthcare55:29 Joe's insights for those building in low resource settings56:57 A book recommendation and critical thinking for patients and clinicians About Joe Joe is an NHS anaesthetist in the UK and an NIHR clinical lecturer (assistant professor) in AI and digital health at the University of Birmingham, UK.  He leads mixed-methods research and policy engagement to help get the most from AI in healthcare - including the STANDING Together initiative. He recently founded an international initiative to build ‘The Health Chatbot Users’ Guide’.

How do global organizations built to respond and aid in conflict respond to digital transformation? The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) : you’re probably familiar with the work that happens here : emergencies, conflict zones, disasters, working at the last mile in difficult circumstances. How does an organization like even begin to approach “tech innovation” There’s clearly lots of need. What do you prioritize when everyone needs improvements now?  PLUS How do you adapt off the shelf LLM models for remote humanitarian contexts? Javier Elkin spent 3 years as Head of Digital Health at ICRC. He set the unit up from scratch. Coming in at a time, post COVID, the opportunities for tech addressing unmet need proliferated. And in parallel trying to create stability with multiple financial crises and organizational challenges.   If you’re in digital health and wrestling with the global scale and local trust and value tradeoffs, have a listen to how an actual global organization dealt with it.  Some standouts for me from our convo: We spoke about context : correctness vs being useful If you ask a LLM : What do I do for this gunshot or limb trauma, it might be reasonable to say that a response like : call emergency services is universally correct.  But in a conflict zone or very rural setting, that has zero value compared to “take two pieces of wood to act as a splint”, or try X to stem blood loss. How did the ICRC digital team work (with partners at EPFL) on their validation and evaluation to get better at these aspects? Your LLM might be technically, and even medically correct, but completely useless on the ground for someone.  Want to find out more about the MOOVE initiative? Take me there 2. Prioritization based on outcomes, constraints, feasibility Link to assessment framework 3. We get some proper concrete examples that cover: How they used tech to aid a handover to a local healthcare system in Western Nigeria after years of being there. How they used an open source tool already being used in the field to help spin up digital workflow solutions FASTHow they partnered with EPFL to develop testing, validation and evaluation pipelines for LLM decision support specific and relevant for conflict settings (some absolute gold in here) We also get Javier’s honest reflections about the humanitarian sector in general : how the financial crises (esp the last year with huge funding challenges) have manifested, what next for the humanitarian sector and what could be done differently.  Packed with lessons this one, do not miss it. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Digital Health and Javier's Journey07:55 Approach to creating a digital health unit from scratch13:53 Prioritization Framework at the digital health22:32 Innovative Solutions in Humanitarian Health29:21 Strategic Handover and Local Ownership35:20 Integrating Digital Health in Conflict Zones41:21 Evaluating AI in Humanitarian Settings53:26 Reflections on Trust and the Humanitarian Sector

At the end of last year I got the chance to record the first episode of the show in an actual studio. Still a lot to learn about this versus virtually, but Patty Mecheal was a gracious and very awesome guest.  Patty, CEO of healthenabled brings nearly three decades of mHealth and digital health experience into this discussion we recorded during the Global Digital Health Forum in Nairobi in December 2025.   After a tumultuous year of policy shifts with USAID funding, WHO shifts and the cascading challenges globally, our conversation examines how we got here and where we need to go when ethics and inclusivity are politically sidelined. What we cover: The state of 2025 - USAID cuts and their ripple effects on healthcare and digital health in underserved communitiesLessons from the 1990s to now - what patterns keep repeating, and what fundamental mistakes we're still makingWomen as decision-makers AND consumers - why this isn't just the "right thing to do" (though it is), but represents massive unmet market opportunityValue and context in evaluation - how to actually assess digital health and AI tools in ways that matterLeadership with values - Patty's honest reflections on what she's learned and gotten wrongBuilding responsibly when the incentives don't reward it - what does ethical implementation look like now? This episode is for you if you: Build digital health or AI solutionsMake policy or funding decisionsResearch or evaluate health interventionsAre working on impact in women’s health Unfiltered, real insights from someone who's seen it all.  Chapters and Timestamps 00:00 Introduction to Global Perspectives on Digital Health 01:24 Reflections on the Global Digital Forum 04:03 Patti's Journey and Background 08:20 Aha Moments in Public Health 11:46 The Importance of Data in Health Interventions 16:01 Learning from low resource settings 21:55 Building Trust in Digital Health Solutions 24:50 Balancing Scalability and Trust 30:22 The Role of Compassion in Healthcare 40:53 The Theory of Change in Digital Health 46:13 Bootstrapping Innovations in Digital Health 52:49 Compassionate Leadership and Ethical Practices 57:08 The Role of Women in Health and Technology About Patty: Dr. Patricia (Patty) Mechael is a global digital health leader, speaker, and award-winning author with nearly 30 years of experience shaping equity-centered health and technology initiatives across more than 45 countries. She is Co-Founder and CEO of health.enabled, where she leads the Global Digital Health Monitor and Digital Health and AI Strategy efforts with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, WHO, UNICEF, and others. She is also a Senior Associate Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health where she serves as the Co-Principal Investigator for the Gates Foundation’s Digital Health Exemplars and where she also teaches a course on Gender-intentional Digital Health. Known for translating complex ideas into human, actionable insights, Patty writes and speaks widely on responsible AI, gender equity, and the future of work and health—bringing a grounded, compassion-driven leadership lens shaped by both evidence and lived experience.

I sat down to talk to Nadia Kadhim, co-founder of Naq about digital identity and healthcare for displaced people.  Nadia’s father was a refugee, and we hear about her journey into human rights law and eventually into data security and compliance.  We cover: That digital identity for displaced people is messed up. How this creates very real barriers to care (with examples)How healthcare systems aren’t set up for real access or meaningful care for refugeesCan we even do anything about this when political agenda in many places cares less and less about this?Why, even so, we should wake up - the likelihood of us being displaced due to conflict or climate change is going up. How would we want to be cared for?This is an everybody problem, which is part of why it’s so hard to solve.  If you’re into policy, data security, health and digital for displaced people, or building tools that could be being used by refugees, you’ll gain a lot from spending less than an hour on this topic.  If you care about this topic you should also listen to the episode with Aral Surmeli. Inspiring in equal measure. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Digital Health and Human Rights07:19 Data, Identity, and Access to Healthcare10:39 Challenges Faced by Refugees in Healthcare15:21 Real-Life Stories of Refugees and Healthcare Access20:32 Why no solution yet?23:01 The Future of Healthcare for Displaced People30:29 The Role of Funding and Multi-Stakeholder Approaches31:59 Data and Human Lives: The Health Data Poverty Problem34:22 Ethics and Regulatory Compliance in Digital Health38:22 Ownership and Security of Health Data43:13 Nadia's Recommendations for Policy Makers and Digital Health Founders ---- Global Perspectives on digital health shares the insights of innovators, donors, policy makers and researchers on what it takes to create impact at the last mile with digital health and AI in underserved communities around the world through audio and video.  We’re telling the underreported stories of impact that the digital health industry needs to pay more attention to.  There’s a growing back catalogue of over 20 engaging, inspiring and real conversations about the places in the world where the biggest challenges lie, but where the deepest impact in healthcare is happening. Tune in on gpodh.org Subscribing and sharing really helps get this to the noggins of people who care about this topic. If you found this useful, please leave us a comment and some review stars.

🎯 Evaluation! A make or break thing in the digital health.  I sat down with Dr Shay Soremekun from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine to talk about the very hot topic of evidence generation and evaluation.  Everyone's talking about LLM evals, technical performance, benchmarking.  But ultimately people care about impact. Yet impact is rarely a neat, linear path to a yes/no answer. Anyone who's actually implemented something in the field knows about all the other contributing factors, the daily challenges and how hard it is to move the needle on big clinical outcomes with robust clinical evaluation. To understand why it improved care, if it did, was as important, if not more important, than understanding that it did. Because that will help us to understand how we need to potentially modify or adapt the intervention either in the same place or in future places to be able to achieve the same success.  🌟 Who will benefit from listening to this episode? Digital health companies : Founders, data scientists, AI/ML scientists, PMs, designers, clinical evaluation/study teams, cliniciansFunders : donors, investorsGlobal and public health professionalsImplementersResearchersRegulators Shay explains the use of Program Theory and Logic models to visually connect your intervention, all the intermediate steps (not just technology, but people and change) to outputs, outcomes and long term impact.  Making space to observe other levers in the system you didn't initially anticipate.  The work that Shay and her team have done with The Malaria Consortium and LSTM's Centre for Evaluation looking at a digital health tool for community health workers in villages and facilities showed this perfectly. Because they were intentional about observing the whole system, they discovered other factors contributing to impact and could redirect efforts accordingly. In this age of tightening budgets, and pressure to show clean shiny KPIs, how do you make room to observe these things?  We also discussed decolonizing evaluation: capturing what's locally valuable, not just paradigms of success developed in comfortable offices and ivory towers. So many learnings here for understanding good co-design, implementation, and how to measure what matters. Chapters00:00 Intro04:15 Mozambique digital health tool for CHWs : context14:19 Tsking a system lens approach16:25 Measuring What Matters in Health Interventions23:02 Resourcefulness in Low-Resource Settings27:25 Challenges and Successes in Digital Interventions29:34 Proactive Measurement and Adaptation31:20 Scaling Up Successful Interventions32:59 Revolutionizing Evaluation Practices39:38 Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge in Evaluations44:57 Key Recommendations for Measuring What Matters  💡 Keep learning!If you found this episode helpful listen to:Episode 15 : Implementation 101 and how to Fail well with Caroline Perrin Episode 12 : Health First, Innovation second, with Smisha AggarwalEpisode 5 : What is the right approach for regulation and evaluation of digital health technologies? I have also written a Substack article summarising what I learned from this episode. Check it out for easy reference to the concepts outlined. Found it useful? Know someone who is struggling with this very thing? Share and keep raising the profile of people impacting underserved community globally. References and links to things we spoke aboutinSCALE papers: https://journals.plos.org/digitalhealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pdig.0000235 https://journals.plos.org/digitalhealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pdig.0000217   Link for upSCALE  (roll-out of project): https://www.malariaconsortium.org/projects/upscale https://www.malariaconsortium.org/resources/integrating-upscale-into-the-ministry-of-health  Study protocol for Uganda and Mozambique:https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-015-0657-6  Links to Chilisa Bagele – one of the most foremost voices on decolonial evaluation methodology so a good start for anyone interested (talk at LSHTM): https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/events/decoloniality-and-indigenous-methods-global-health-evaluation-professor-bagele Centre for Evaluation Website  https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/research/centres/centre-evaluation   About Dr Shay SoremekunDr Shay Soremekun is an epidemiologist and co-deputy Director of the Centre for Evaluation at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Her research in child and adolescent health and development covers trials of low-cost disease prevention programmes, and identification of risk factors and mitigation strategies for poor developmental and economic outcomes in this group. She is a member of the UK Government Evaluation and Trial Advice Panel (ETAP), and sits on the steering committee for the John Snow Society. She lectures at postgraduate level on topics of evaluation, epidemiology and public health, and has developed and organises an MSc module in Study Design.   LSHTM page: https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/people/soremekun.shay

🚨 Nick Martin, social impact titan, one of the biggest voices out there in this space with a huge following and community, helping connect people to jobs, funding and much more.  Founder and CEO of TechChange, working with funders, government and tech, and giving people the skills they need to create real impact.  We’ve talked a lot about the impacts of the USAID funding cuts on this podcast. Nick, who has worked shares his view on the impact on grantees, humans and more. We cover: How do we deal with this new world order, and this new scarcity?What have we learned about the things that went well with USAID, and what could be better in the future?How do people affected think about their careers?How do organizations  adapt their vision, strategy and tactics in a world of scarcity, and be sustainable through this perma-uncertainty.  We also talked about the upcoming Global Digital Health Forum, a gathering that has been going strong for years, and why this year feels particularly important to bring people in global and digital health together. The next one at the time of recording is 3-5 December 2025, online and in Nairobi in person. If you're into Global Digital Helath and underserved communities, this is a great gathering to attend. If you are working in this space, dealing with the uncertainty, either as an organization or an individual, then this podcast is for you.  Nick shares some of the wisdom and insights he has gained over the years, and why community across borders is such an integral part of how we shape what global digital health looks like in the next 10 years.  Check it out - share with others working in the space. Leave us a comment or review - it really helps us reach more people.  00:00 Intro : Nick's story03:58 USAID cuts. Before, during, after : reflections from the development sector21:13 Career transition advice24:14 Funders need to step up more, but it's not that simple26:34 TechChange origins28:22 The Global Digital Health Forum : bringing people together34:30 Fail festivals and creating the space to talk about failure38:56 Wisdom corner : Nick's top tips Liked this episode? What to listen to next:- Episode 15: Implementation 101 and how to fail well- Episode 16 : How the WHO is evolving What to read next:Check out my Substack : Can Global Health and Venture Capital Get Along? About Nick Nick Martin is the Founder and CEO of TechChange, a social enterprise that has become a leading provider of digital health training and convening solutions worldwide. Under his leadership, TechChange has trained thousands of Ministry of Health officials in more than 90 countries through flagship programs such as Digital Health: Planning National Systems, developed in partnership with USAID, WHO, and Digital Square. He also leads the Global Digital Health Forum, the premier annual gathering for policymakers, donors, researchers, and implementers working at the intersection of technology and health. With two decades of experience in global development and public health, Nick has built partnerships with organizations including USAID, UNICEF, WHO, and the Gates Foundation. His work has been featured in outlets such as The Economist, Forbes, The New York Times, and Fast Company, highlighting his role in advancing digital health and social impact through technology.

As underserved communities go, refugees are up there as the most vulnerable. We already have systemic and deep challenges for physical health services not being designed for displaced people, and has we rush to bolt on digital and LLMs to everything, are we stopping and thinking about the key needs of these communities? And a word on innovation in humanitarian settings. This is not a problem that investors go for with attractive returns, or something you can meet the market where it is at. Rather, its down to governments and philanthropy to help invest in this. Aral recounts the massive challenge HERA have had to overcome after USAID funding was cut and how he has navigated and needed to prioiritize after the stop work order. Aral is the founder of HERA Digital health. HERA have built a tool that serves Syrian refugees in Turkey - targeted initially at mothers to be and mothers with young children, who, in the mess of trying to rebuild any semblance of routine in refugee camps would miss key antenatal or child development appointments. Aral saw the problems the community were having, and as a doctor in the ER in Turkey saw the downstream effects of this. Some key takeaways for me: In humanitarian settings, context is not static and always changing. HERA hired developers who were in the refugee camps - short feedback loops and people immersed in the context. This is a great example of 'Build with, not for"The communities he is serving do not get to quit, why should heDefining what success is in this context - it is not about HERA surviving, or Aral being successful, but the work, and the impact to those people. So he is optimizing decisions for that - and this means he can be open to other options. This episode is not a shiny rainbow story, but one about real struggle. Aral is still on the path of struggle and working to navigate through. If you care about what he is doing, seriously, get in touch with him. Chapters00:00 Introduction to Digital Health Innovations05:05 The Journey of Aral Surmeli: From Medicine to Tech07:47 Understanding Refugee Health Needs10:13 Building HERA: The Digital Health Tool18:23 Cultural Sensitivity in Health Solutions28:01 Navigating Challenges in Humanitarian Innovation30:50 Funding Dilemmas in Humanitarian Contexts36:01 Adapting Strategies for Sustainability44:03 The Role of Digital Identity in Healthcare46:51 Finding Hope Amidst Challenges48:50 Advice for Aspiring Humanitarian Innovators About Aral:https://heradigitalhealth.org/ Dr. Aral Surmeli is the Founder and CEO of HERA Digital Health, a nonprofit organization that helps refugee women and children access local healthcare through AI-powered digital tools. With a strong foundation in humanitarian health and digital innovation, Dr. Surmeli has led HERA to serve over 300,000 users, providing services like immunization reminders, prenatal care tracking, and digital health records—accessible even in low-connectivity settings via WhatsApp and offline apps. HERA began its work in Turkey with Syrian refugees and is now expanding across the Middle East and Africa. The platform is open source, co-designed with local healthcare workers and refugee communities, and integrates with national health systems and NGO services. Dr. Surmeli holds an MPH from Harvard University and is currently pursuing a DrPH at Johns Hopkins University. He is a former Innovation Fellow at Harvard Humanitarian Initiative and has been supported by organizations such as Google.org, Grand Challenges Canada, MIT Solve, and Harvard iLab. HERA was recently a finalist at the AI for Good Summit's Impact Awards, and Dr. Surmeli is an active voice on the intersection of AI, digital health, and humanitarian response

🔍 I speak with Rubayat Khan, a systems thinker, entrepreneur, and now investor at the Endless Foundation, where he is helping reimagine how global health innovation is funded and delivered. We unpack what it means to move beyond vertical health solutions, how to prioritize innovation in an era of shrinking aid budgets, and how large language models (LLMs) might be the missing piece in unlocking integrated, people-centered care especially in low-resource settings. We also talk about the challenges, risks, pitfalls and how to think about the right counterfactuals for the context when we evaluate LLMs in healthcare. Rubayat brings the rare perspective of someone who has been a patient, builder, and funder, and who now advocates for rethinking everything from clinic hours to global incentive structures. 🔑 In this episode: Why governments are not always best placed to design people-centered care : an example of this was the fact that government run clinical in villages in rural Bangladesh were only open 10am till 2pm. And so nobody would access them as people are working on the fields or caring for their family. Four priority areas Endless Foundation is focusing onHow LLMs could shift access, quality, and cost curve if implemented thoughtfullyWhy self-care is the blind spot we can no longer afford to ignoreThe dangers of "digital colonialism" and what needs to change in global AI governanceWhat funders can do differently to support impact beyond rhetoric🗣️ Key Quotes “Most of what we call healthcare happens outside clinics. If we ignore that, we miss the biggest opportunity for real impact.” To paraphrase Rubayat:"A consultation with a doctor in Bangladesh averages 48 seconds. There should be little surprise that people (including Rubayat's parents!) find value and better quality information with a LLM than they would in their own contexts.  So much valuable insight for people who are building, or wrestling how to invest or fund the right interventions for last mile impact in LMICs.  🎧 Listen if you’re: A global health funder or innovator rethinking priorities post development cutsA builder working on AI in healthcareA policymaker exploring people-centered designAn innovator aiming to solve real problems in underserved settingsShare, subscribe, comment, leave us a 5 star review. It really helps us reach people who would find this useful.  About Rubayat Reubayat's Substack: https://rubayatkhan.substack.com/Rubayat Khan is a health entrepreneur and technologist from Bangladesh and currently Director of Health Programs at Endless Network, a US family foundation. Prior to Endless, Rubayat co-founded mPower Social Enterprises and Jeeon, which have both pioneered innovative models for delivering healthcare and other essential services to last-mile populations across 15 countries, currently reaching over 120 million people. Rubayat is a passionate advocate for bottom-up and user-centered thinking in global health, and has written extensively in leading global publications like the Guardian, SSIR and Frontiers in Public Health. He is an Acumen and Aspen New Voices Fellow, and is currently based in Baltimore with his wife and two children. (00:00) - Introduction (08:33) - Navigating the Challenges of Healthcare in Bangladesh (10:46) - Transitioning from Ground-Level Solutions to System-Level Thinking (18:07) - Identifying Key Challenges in Global Health Systems (23:20) - Seizing Opportunities Amidst Crisis in Global Health (29:30) - Leveraging AI and Technology for Healthcare Transformation (37:49) - AI vs Human Decision-Making in Healthcare (41:26) - Evaluating AI in Healthcare Contexts (44:07) - AI's Potential in Low-Resource Settings (46:47) - Concerns About Digital Colonialism and Data Ownership (51:05) - The Need for Coordinated Leadership in Healthcare (54:26) - Finding the Right Problems to Solve

Your Metrics Don’t Matter If No One Gets the Message : Health Tech Comms with James Somauroo of SomX.  Listen on Apple, Spotify. Watch on Youtube. We cover one of the most overlooked drivers of success in health innovation: communication.  Our guest, James Somauroo, has hosted over 400 podcasts and built one of the most influential media and communications agencies in health tech. His work spans startups, Big Tech, life sciences, and everything in between, helping organizations craft messages that resonate, build trust, and drive impact. We explore why so many well-intentioned digital health projects struggle to scale. Not because the tech or evidence isn’t good enough, but because the story isn’t being told in a way people understand or care about. 🧠 What You’ll Learn: Why comms is a massive unlock all the way from policy, implementation to on the ground innovation. How to go beyond metrics to communicate real value and outcomes. Thinking about 2nd and 3rd order effects the way journalists do. What makes a pitch deck land with donors or investorsThe power of giving people value in content to stand out. Don't just try to beat the algorithm! 🎧 Who Should Listen: Anyone trying to change people's minds Health tech founders, especially those working in low and middle-income countriesGlobal health implementers, policymakers, and fundersAnyone trying to drive adoption, trust, or policy buy-in for digital health solutions 📣  Subscribe, Connect & Share: If this episode resonated with you, share it with someone trying to make their work land more powerfully — whether with partners, funders, or frontline teams. And let us know your biggest takeaway on LinkedIn 👋🏾 About ShubsDr Shubs Upadhyay, the podcast host is a Primary care physician who has worked across policy, AI product leadership, and evidence comms. Shubs brings clinical leadership to help founders and investors focus on and communicate real value in healthcare. Get in touch at shubs.me and [email protected] About James James is the cofounder and CEO of SomX, a communications and creative agency for healthcare companies. He hosts The Healthtech Podcast and is the Editor-In-Chief of Healthtech Pigeon. He is an anaesthetics and ICU doctor by training, has held roles in leadership, management and innovation at NHS England, Health Education England and the British Medical Journal and previously directed two healthtech startup accelerators. He has degrees in medicine, biomedical sciences and education and is a guest lecturer on healthtech innovation and entrepreneurship at academic institutions around the world. (00:00) - Introduction to James and SomX (07:51) - The Evolution of Health Communications (13:12) - State of Comms in Digital Health (18:20) - Navigating the Attention Economy (21:00) - The Importance of Authenticity in Content (23:41) - Psychology in Marketing and Communication (31:11) - The Role of Emotion in Decision Making (32:48) - Transforming Scientific Communication through Storytelling (37:09) - Crafting Compelling Narratives for Impact (43:59) - Communicating Evidence Effectively (48:28) - The Importance of Sharing Failures (52:10) - James' quick fire tips (00:00) - Chapter 13

A conversation on the future of the World Health Organization, rethinking how we approach digital implementation and funding in LMICs, and what it really means to decolonize global health. “Countries need to be in the driver’s seat of their own development agenda… The earmarking of assistance has to stop.” -  Dr. Alain Labrique, Director, Digital and Innovation, World Health Organization Absolutely chuffed to have had the chance to speak with WHO Director of Digital Health and Innovation, Dr Alain Labrique.  That he’s also a listener of the podcast? Even better. Alain is an engaging storyteller, shaped by a childhood in the streets of Dhaka and decades spent advancing implementation science to reach underserved communities. We spoke at length about the unfolding crisis in healthcare delivery in many settings that have relied heavily on development funding. While the impact on clinical services has received attention, Alain highlighted a deeper, less visible collapse: the quiet failure of digital infrastructure: servers, IT systems, and backend platforms now left unfunded and unsupported. At the same time, WHO itself is navigating similar pressures: budget cuts, shifting priorities, and an urgent need to re-focus. Alain offers a refreshingly honest take on what comes next for WHO and how the organization can stay relevant in a rapidly changing world. Crucially, it's inspiring to hear a leader from such an influential institution speak with clarity and conviction about shifting power, building local ownership, and rethinking how global health is funded and framed. On our episode on AI ethics with Jess Morley, she spoke about how rhetoric shapes collective mindsets and changes behavior and markets. This conversation with Alain is, in my view, the kind of rhetoric we need more of. 00:00 Introduction and Background of Alain Labrique12:05 Development funding cuts impact on digital infrastructure24:01 What future funding mechanisms need to consider27:26 The Role of Private Sector in Health Infrastructure31:14 Responsible Partnerships in Health Innovation33:00 The Evolving Role of WHO in Digital health now38:21 Building Capacity and Governance in Health Systems40:41 Navigating AI in Health Care46:22 Learning from Failures in Health Initiatives50:27 Advice to Founders building in Underserved Communities

Implementation. What does it mean? Why is it hard? How do we get it right? Failure. Are we, in Global Digital Health, thinking and acting in a way that doesn't help us move forward? Caroline Perrin, Director of the Geneva Digital Health Hub joins us on the Global Perspectives on Digital Health podcast to share her views on this.  This episode is for the people doing the work to ensure digital health tools actually work for people. It's about the messy realities - people, process, managing change and looking to constantly improve as our assumptions get updated. How to work through the hard, day to day challenges towards real outcomes for people experiencing and delivering care. We hear about:  How the Geneva Digital Health Hub's Implementome maps out implementations across the world, especially the Global south and brings together a Community of people wrestling similar problems for knowledge exchange and connectionThe key challenges in getting digital health tools adopted, and how to use good implementation principles to get through the messy, day to day realitiesChallenges in Monitoring and Evaluation, and how to get the balance right between impact on what matters and what is in your locus of control. How our industry and ecosystem needs to rethink how we talk about failure, and how we're opening up this conversation at the Geneva Digital Health day on 22 May 2025Plus some great examples and ways you can share challenges to contribute to the ecosystem. Links: Building and Implementing? Join Implementome: https://gdhub.unige.ch/implementome/mainDigital Health Atlas: https://gdhub.unige.ch/implementome/projectsGeneva Digital Health Day: https://gdhub.org/25gdhd/Implementation Reports: https://medinform.jmir.org/themes/145-implementation-reportiCHECK-DH Guidelines: https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e46694Chapters (with quick links) 00:00Introduction to Digital Health and Geneva Digital Health Hub 07:40Understanding Implementation in Digital Health 12:22A community of implementors 20:09Approaching Implementation as Founders and Developers 26:19Monitoring and Evaluation Challenges 32:45Future of Digital Health in Underserved Communities 35:31Navigating Uncertainty in Digital Health Projects 38:45Rethinking Success and Failure in Health Evaluations 45:46The Need for a Paradigm Shift in Global Health 49:53Creating Safe Spaces for Sharing Failures 54:04Building Communities of Practice for Learning 57:30Finding Hope in the Face of Challenges About CarolineCaroline Perrin is the Executive Director of the Geneva Digital Health Hub (gdhub) and has over 15 years of experience in digital innovation, programme management and multi-stakeholder collaboration. She specialises in using technology to improve the efficiency, sustainability and impact of health care.   With a PhD in Global Health, a Master's in Information Systems Management, and a Bachelor's in Business Administration, she has led large-scale digital health initiatives and worked with governments, international organisations, and the private sector to drive innovation and policy alignment.   Previously, she was a project manager for the RAFT telemedicine network and the Geneva University Hospitals eHealth and Telemedicine Service, focusing on the development and evaluation of digital health solutions to strengthen health systems. Caroline is passionate about bridging technology, strategy and policy to create scalable, high-impact solutions. Help GPODH growSubscribe, leave us a comment on Youtube or your podcast player if you found this useful. It really does help us grow and reach the right people who would benefit from this podcast. Who would benefit from this in your network? Please share the love 💕 Find out more about me and read my Substack: https://shubstack.substack.com/

A healthtech investor's view on healthcare in Africa in the next 10 years.  If you’re building or investing for impact with underserved communities in Africa, this episode is for you.  Rowena Luk has walked the talk. She is the ‘OG’ of creating visibility on digital health in Africa, and has built and scaled for impact in over 40 countries on the continent, and has now scaled her own impact to support founders through her VC firm Africa Health Ventures.  This episode covers so much, especially the challenges that Africa faces through development aid funding cuts.  Rowena is bullish about where healthcare in Africa can get to, and makes a measured and compelling case for why this is a real moment to turn crisis into opportunity, and how the right mindset from VCs can help create resilient businesses that can scale and realize real health outcomes.  I’ve often been vocal and skeptical about how hyper-fixated our industry is on financial aspects of value, and we discussed this at length.  Rowena definitely altered my perspective. My highlights: This is Africa’s moment. Rowena’s case for investing and the hard metrics business case is pretty compelling. It is not always the case that VCs look at the short term only. In fact, philanthropy and development funding cycles themselves are short, and good VCs have a 10+ year view and look at broader value.You have to meet the market where it’s at. My takeaway: Africa is not homogenous. Do the work to know what is needed right now, and build a path to where you want to get. If you’re a US or Europe based investor looking to invest in Africa, check your biases and leave your mental models at the door. Things are different here, in a good way. Useful advice for people building and investing in AfricaThe importance of investing in distribution and infrastructure.  My read: You might have the perfect tool, but it’s hard to get hospitals and institutions to even know about them, let alone maintain, find payment models and have a path to adoption.Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Digital Health in Africa 04:36 Rowena's Journey in Digital Health 06:43 The Investing landscape in Africa 13:19 The case for VC investment over philanthropic funding 20:47 Reimagining healthcare in Africa : building resilient health systems 26:00 Do VCs see value beyond financial returns? 29:08 Myths and Realities of Investing in Africa 36:14 Understanding Investment Biases in Africa 38:39 Identifying Market Needs and Product Diversity 40:44 Evaluating Healthcare Solutions and Market Readiness 42:22 Spotlight on Innovative Startups 46:26 Learning from Past Experiences 51:56 Key Tips for Building in Underserved Communities 54:30 Getting Started with Impact Investing 54:54 The Future of Healthcare in Africa Additional Resources If you're a healthcare founder, investor, or donor in Africa, check out the Africa Health Ventures monthly newsletter. It includes grant and investment opportunities, events, deals, notable startups, and industry news. Subscribe at AfricaHealthVentures.com/Newsletter. About RowenaRowena Luk is the Managing Partner of Africa Health Ventures, a pan-African seed fund investing in healthcare innovations that will dramatically improve access and quality of healthcare on the continent and around the world. She is a healthtech founder, entrepreneur, and software engineer. She has deep experience scaling healthtech in 40 countries across Africa, including products adopted at national and international scale. Previously, Rowena was a Director at Madiro, an impact fund investing in healthcare in Africa; CSO at Dimagi, a social enterprise deploying digital health to 130 countries, and founder of a digital health nonprofit in West Africa. She hosts the Africa Health Ventures Podcast and lives with her family in beautiful South Africa. Help GPODH growSubscribe, leave us a comment on Youtube or your podcast player if you found this useful. It really does help us grow and reach the right people who would benefit from this podcast. Who would benefit from this in your network? Please share the love 💕

Practical breadth and depth on the global state of regulation from someone at the cutting edge of regulatory policy.  Shubs welcomes Hugh Harvey, founder of Hardian Health and a regulatory expert in digital health. Shubs and Hugh discuss the complex landscape of medical device regulation worldwide, with emphasis on how these frameworks impact digital health innovation in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).  Guest Background Hugh Harvey is a former radiologist who transitioned to the digital health industry. After working at Babylon Health and serving as Clinical Director at Kheiron Medical (where they secured Europe's first CE mark for a deep learning-based breast cancer detection device), Hugh founded Hardian Health to help companies navigate regulatory pathways for AI and digital health solutions. Key Discussion Points The Global State of Medical Device Regulation Regulatory Variation: Hugh explains the significant differences in regulatory approaches between regions like the EU (stricter) and the US (increasingly deregulatory)(Some) LMIC Contexts: Only about 40% of African countries have actual medical device regulations, with only South Africa having comprehensive frameworksCybersecurity Risks: Medical health data sells for more than financial data on black markets, making robust regulation essential for protecting patientsChallenges for Digital Health Innovators Founder Misconceptions: Many startups allocate insufficient resources for regulatory compliance. Regulatory compliance should represent 5-10% of a company's overall budget.Regulatory Debt: Postponing regulatory considerations creates compounding challenges that become increasingly difficult to address later down the lineLarge Language Models: Hugh's skepticism about LLMs in healthcare, noting they're "massively overrated" for medical reasoning tasks and face significant regulatory hurdles, and yet Hugh sees some promise over the hill. Practical Guidance for Digital Health Companies Getting the mindset right: Thinking about it in the same way you might approach a driving test. Universal Standards: Quality management systems (ISO 13485) are increasingly harmonized globallyApproach in LMICs: Thinking about deploying in an place where there is little to no regulatory structure? You might want to consider securing certification in countries with established regulatory pathways prior, and then work with the local government.What Regulators Could Do Better Proactivity: Regulators should be more proactive in providing guidance on novel technologiesTransparency: More open sharing of regulatory decisions would help the entire industry move forwardCapacity: Governments should increase funding for regulatory bodies to reduce backlogs and improve efficiencyChapters 00:00 Introduction and Background04:22 The State of Regulation in Healthcare06:36 Why so regulated?09:24 Global Perspectives on Regulatory Approaches16:53 Harmonization of Global Standards19:34 Recommendations for Regulators31:53 Regulatory strategy for founders: The Driving Analogy42:14 What if there is little or no regulatory enforcement where I operate?43:59 The Five Stages of Regulatory Grief47:44 Hugh's spicy takes 🌶️ Key Quotes "Regulations are written in blood... the reason regulations/FDA are as they are today is because of events like thalidomide."What's the cost of not being compliant? Well, it's everything, it's your entire business model.""The attack surface vector, especially under these generative AI models, is huge, vast, and frankly, completely unknown." Hugh provides a compelling case for embracing regulatory requirements as not just necessary obligations but strategic advantages. While acknowledging the challenges of navigating complex regulatory landscapes, particularly for innovators working in regions with limited frameworks, he offers practical guidance on approaching compliance as a foundation for long-term success in digital health. You can find Hugh and his work at hardianhealth.com Liked this episode? You might also like these:Episode 3: Bilal MateenEpisode 5: Prof Stephen Gilbert 💕 If you found this podcast episode helpful, please leave a comment, give us a 5 star review and share with your colleagues and people who would find this useful. It helps us reach the people who are implementing and could find this useful in creating an impact with digital health in LMICs. Check out the Substack here