Advertise on podcast: Sports Medicine Broadcast

Explore GI evaluations, red flags, the gut-brain axis, and supplement trends with Dr. Sean Healy on the Sports Medicine Broadcast hosted by Chase Morales. Sports Medicine Broadcast A Podcast to Promote and Improve Your Practice as an Athletic Trainer Executive Summary Gastrointestinal (GI) complaints are among the most common yet challenging non-musculoskeletal issues encountered by athletic trainers in clinical and sideline settings. In this episode of the Sports Medicine Broadcast, host Chase Morales sits down with team physician Dr. Sean Healy to break down essential GI examination techniques, triage methods for acute abdominal pain, the interplay between psychological health and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), and practical guidance on supplement safety and gastroenteritis management. Key Takeaways for Athletic Trainers 1. Basic Physical Examination & Quadrant Triage Evaluating abdominal complaints begins with taking a structured patient history and correlating symptoms to specific anatomical quadrants. When evaluating an athlete presenting with abdominal discomfort: Quadrant Mapping: Correlate localized pain to underlying structures (e.g., right lower quadrant pain suggesting appendicitis). Pain Trajectory: Pay close attention to how pain migrates. For instance, appendicitis often originates periumbilically before localizing to the right lower quadrant over several hours. History Taking: In younger or pediatric athletes, reframe questions in multiple ways to obtain an accurate clinical timeline. 2. Immediate Red Flags & Triage Thresholds Distinguishing urgent medical conditions from benign or non-urgent GI distress is vital for quick referral. Dr. Healy highlights several immediate red flags requiring urgent higher-level care: Red Flag Symptom Clinical Concern Recommended Action Fever Systemic infection/inflammation Measure body temperature; urgent referral if elevated Persistent Vomiting Obstruction, severe gastroenteritis, dehydration Evaluate fluid status; withhold oral intake; refer Hematochezia or Hematemesis Active gastrointestinal hemorrhage Immediate emergency/physician referral Rebound Tenderness / Guarding Peritoneal irritation (peritonitis) Avoid deep palpation; immediate physician transfer 3. The Gut-Brain Axis and Managing IBS The relationship between neurological/psychiatric factors—such as anxiety and performance stress—and GI motility is significant. Gut-Brain Correlation: Pre-competition anxiety commonly manifests as lower GI distress or IBS flares. Treatment Considerations: While some anti-anxiety medications can cause secondary GI side effects, others resolve both neurological and intestinal symptoms simultaneously. Conservative Strategies: Talk therapy and dietary adjustments (e.g., low-fat, Mediterranean diet, or avoiding spicy foods and alcohol) are effective non-pharmacological tools. 4. Navigating Supplement Trends and Hydration With the rise of protein-dense foods and pre-workout products, athletes are consuming high quantities of nutritional supplements. Hydration Demands: High protein intake and creatine supplementation increase systemic fluid needs. Inadequate hydration alongside high protein consumption often leads to constipation. Pediatric Oversight: Athletic trainers should ensure coaches, parents, and guardians are aware when youth or high school athletes are using specialized supplements. 5. Acute Gastroenteritis & Over-the-Counter Cautions When managing acute gastroenteritis or suspected “stomach bugs”: Avoid Early Imodium (Loperamide): In the first 24 to 48 hours of suspected infectious diarrhea, avoid anti-diarrheal agents like Imodium. Trapping infectious pathogens within the GI tract can prolong illness and delay recovery. First-Line Care: Prioritize oral rehydration solutions (electrolyte beverages like Gatorade or Powerade) and diet progression. Most viral gastroenteritis cases self-resolve within 24 to 72 hours. 6. Destigmatizing GI Health and Step-Up Referral Athletes often feel hesitant or embarrassed to report gastrointestinal issues. Athletic trainers should work to normalize gut health conversations and establish a progressive referral pipeline: Athletic Trainer Assessment -> Primary Care Physician (PCP) -> GI Specialist Guest Contact Information Dr. Sean Healy can be reached directly for professional inquiries via email: Email: [email protected] Podcast Credits Host: Chase Morales Audio Engineer: Shelby Gaytan Equipment provided by: Russell Sadberry Recording made possible by: Bob Marley and the Memorial Hermann Rockets Sports Medicine Institute team Presentation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/jNlHXVZti9k

Sports Medicine Broadcast A Podcast to Promote and Improve Your Practice as an Athletic Trainer When an overhead or rotational athlete—such as a baseball pitcher, softball player, volleyball server, or tennis player—suffers a significant upper extremity injury, traditional care often calls for shutdown periods lasting anywhere from six weeks to several months. While restricting arm motion is crucial for surgical or tissue healing, completely shutting down the athlete can lead to lost athleticism, decreased conditioning, and a difficult return-to-play process. In this episode of the Sports Medicine Broadcast, host Chase Morales is joined by Cathy Nguyen, Xavier Porter, and physical therapist Ryan Collins to dive into strategies for keeping overhead athletes conditioned and engaged while protecting healing shoulder and elbow tissues. Training Beyond the Injured Arm Overhead performance relies heavily on total-body coordination, trunk rotation, and lower-body ground reaction forces. When the arm is immobilized or restricted, clinicians have a valuable window to address other components of the kinetic chain: Lower Quarter & Ground Forces: Maintaining single-leg strength, lower-body power, and leg drive so the athlete does not lose the foundation of their throwing or hitting mechanics. Trunk & Core Rotation: Safe, controlled hip and trunk rotation work keeps the core responsive and strong without placing mechanical stress across the healing arm. Cardiovascular Conditioning & Movement: Avoiding long periods of inactivity prevents overall physical decline and eases the physical transition back to sport-specific drills. Protocols Are Templates, Not Rigid Rules Standard rehabilitation protocols for procedures such as SLAP repairs, UCL reconstructions, or rotator cuff repairs are designed around histology—how tissue heals over specific timeframes. While respecting these tissue-healing boundaries is mandatory, Collins points out that protocols should serve as adaptable templates rather than rigid, calendar-only directives: Avoid Automatic Time-Based Progression: Moving an athlete to the next phase purely because a calendar week has passed can overload tissues that are not yet ready or flexible enough. Prevent Monotony & Stagnation: Relying solely on basic wrist curls, passive stretching, or light band work for weeks can lead to boredom and sloppy execution. Challenging athletes safely keeps their buy-in high. Key Progression Criteria Before High-Velocity Loading Before introducing plyometrics, medicine ball throws, or return-to-throwing protocols, clinicians should look beyond simple pain ratings: Full Mobility & Range of Motion: Ensure full structural motion is established without compensatory mechanics. Baseline Controlled Strength: “If you can’t do it slow, you definitely can’t do it fast”. Validate that slow, controlled movements (e.g., standard push-ups or consistent band resistance) are well-tolerated before attempting explosive tasks. Movement Coordination & Quality: Verify that the athlete can properly sequence their core and hips without substitute patterns that increase inflammation or stress nearby joints. By viewing rehabilitation as an ongoing part of athletic training, sports medicine professionals can ensure that sidelined athletes return to the field fully prepared, strong, and confident. Speaker Contact Information Guest: Ryan Collins, PT, ATC Email: [email protected] Episode Credits Host: Chase Morales Audio Engineer: Shelby Gaytan Equipment Provided By: Russell Sadberry Recording Made Possible By: Bob Marley and the Memorial Hermann Rockets Sports Medicine Institute team YouTube Presentation: https://youtu.be/D4l77KKSfkU

A Podcast to Promote and Improve Your Practice as an Athletic Trainer In a recent episode of the Sports Medicine Broadcast, host Chase Morales, along with Ross Little and second-year M.A. student Dorothy Bailey, sat down with Dr. Craig Garrison, Director of Research and Education at the Memorial Hermann Rockets Sports Medicine Institute. Dr. Garrison shared critical insights on identifying and correcting faulty throwing mechanics, understanding the biomechanical drivers of modern throwing velocity, and implementing practical strategies to protect overhead athletes across sports. The Evolution of Velocity and Biomechanics In today’s sports landscape, throwing velocity serves as the baseline measuring stick for recruitment and advancement. High school baseball pitchers striving for Division I recruitment are now expected to consistently throw in the low-to-mid 90s—a notable contrast to a decade ago when lower velocity ranges were far more common. This rise in velocity is heavily linked to advancements in biomechanical evaluation and motion analysis technology. By leveraging data-driven insights, clinicians and strength coaches can optimize kinetic sequencing, helping athletes generate explosive power while aiming to mitigate tissue stress. Kinetic Principles Beyond Baseball Although baseball pitching dominates discussions around overhead biomechanics, the core mechanical principles extend across multiple disciplines. Dr. Garrison highlighted that track and field throwers—specifically javelin athletes—exhibit nearly identical mechanical principles and injury risk profiles: Force Generation: Throwers must produce substantial force through their drive limb and transition efficiently onto their stride limb. Energy Transfer: Force generated from the ground must be transferred sequentially up the kinetic chain into the upper extremity. High-Stress Breakdown: Flaws in timing or force transfer place extreme stress across the elbow joint, frequently leading to UCL tears, shoulder pathologies, and Tommy John surgeries in both baseball pitchers and javelin throwers. Balancing Force Production and Kinematic Sequencing To lower injury risk, clinicians must evaluate both force production and kinematic sequencing. An athlete who produces exceptional lower-body force but lacks proper sequencing will experience high stress on the upper extremity, drastically increasing injury risk. Mechanical Factor Primary Function Clinical & Training Focus Lower Extremity Power Force generation from the ground Squats, jumps, explosive lower-body force production Kinematic Sequencing Transferring force up the kinetic chain Auditory cueing, rhythm drills, metronome synchronization Workload & Load Management Controlling cumulative joint fatigue Tracking pitch counts, training volume, and day-to-day loads Actionable Strategies for Athletic Trainers and Physical Therapists When designing rehabilitation protocols or performance programs for young overhead throwers, focus should remain on foundational movement rather than isolated arm exercises. 1. Build Power from the Legs Forces delivered at ball release originate in the lower body. Training should prioritize lower extremity power, squat performance, and jumping mechanics. The upper extremity primarily serves as the vehicle for delivering the force generated by the legs and core. 2. Implement External Auditory Cueing Because a baseball pitch is delivered in approximately 250 milliseconds, the human brain cannot consciously process complex internal mechanical adjustments mid-throw. To overcome this, Dr. Garrison advocates for external cueing using simple tools like a metronome: Match the metronome tempo to the athlete’s desired pitching tempo. Align the initial beat with stride-foot contact and the subsequent beat with the point of ball release. Allow the athlete’s central nervous system to self-organize and adjust rhythm naturally through auditory cues, eliminating conscious overthinking. Managing Athlete Capacity and Gaining Buy-In Addressing biomechanics effectively also requires managing realistic athlete capacities and behavioral compliance: Understanding Movement Capacities: Neuromuscular coordination and movement capacity vary significantly. Clinicians and coaches must occasionally lead candid conversations with parents and young athletes regarding individual physical limits and ceiling potential. Overcoming the Compliance Barrier: Healthy youth athletes often struggle to appreciate subtle mechanical adjustments. Buy-in generally increases following an injury or through proactive coaching and parental reinforcement. Summary & Guest Information Addressing throwing mechanics requires a comprehensive approach that prioritizes lower-body force generation, external timing cues, and careful workload management. Guest: Dr. Craig Garrison (Director of Research and Education, Memorial Hermann Rockets Sports Medicine Institute) Contact Email: [email protected] Episode Link: sportsmedicinebroadcast.com/faultymechanics YouTube Presentation: https://youtu.be/FGm5caSDJDg

As an AT in Idaho, Tracy Collins shares the beauty of the state and some of the challenges the Athletic Trainers face. With over 300 ATs, the Idaho ATA joins the Sports Medicine Broadcast to discuss work-life balance. Summary: Host Jeremy Jackson sits down with Tracy Collins, Head Athletic Trainer at Lewis-Clark State College, to discuss her long career and the unique life of an AT in Idaho. They cover Tracy’s journey from a record-setting high school track athlete to a veteran healthcare professional, the challenges and solutions for AT coverage in the state’s rural settings, and what the Idaho Athletic Trainers Association is working on with their practice act. Tracy also gives her top recommendations for experiencing the stunning outdoor activities and travel destinations that the state of Idaho has to offer. Key Takeaways: Professional Challenges: The rural and geographically spread-out nature of Idaho presents financial challenges for full-time athletic trainer positions in many high schools, though areas like the Treasure Valley are well-covered. Personal Background: Tracy Collins is a record-holding runner from Lewiston High School, an alumna of Boise State, and has been married to a track and field coach for 32 years. Legislation: The Idaho Athletic Trainers Association is focused on working with the new Department of Professional Licensing structure and is considering updating its 23-year-old licensure practice act. Travel and Nature: Tracy’s favorite aspect of living in Idaho is the access to the outdoors, recommending that visitors see Hells Canyon and the volcanic landscape of Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve. Mentioned in the Broadcast: Lewis-Clark State College (LC State) The Idaho Sports Medicine Institute Exotherm heating pads (Product from partner Johan Wing in Boise, Idaho) Idaho Athletic Trainers Association: Idahoata.org Contact Tracy Collins: Email: [email protected] These people LOVE Athletic Trainers and help support the podcast: Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Being an AT in Georgia is a lot like being an AT in Texas. Rob Dicks knew he wanted to become an AT by the time he started high school. He is now leading the Georgia Athletic Trainers Association. Podcast Summary This episode features Jeremy Jackson and Rob Dix, the current President of the Georgia Athletic Trainers Association (GATA). Rob shares his journey from a 14-year-old aspiring ‘sports doctor’ to a seasoned Athletic Trainer, driven by an early interaction with an AT after an MCL sprain. He recounts his experience balancing a high-achieving student life and a career that included internships with the Buccaneers and the Falcons. Rob eventually prioritized family, leading him to a 22-year career at Lagrange College, where he transitioned through several administrative and leadership roles, culminating as an Associate AD before returning to high school athletics at Callaway High School. Rob discusses his leadership philosophy, ‘We are better together,’ and his role as a servant leader for GATA members. He highlights his commitment to mentorship, including co-founding a large support group/think tank for brown and black athletic trainers. On the legislative front, Rob addresses current challenges facing AT in Georgia, such as opposition to updating the Practice Act and the exclusion of athletic trainers from a dry needling bill that could make the practice illegal for ATs in the state. Despite the challenges, Rob notes Georgia’s leadership in the profession: the state is now number one nationally for heat illness policies and is a top contender for secondary school AT hiring and salary data. The ultimate goal is to place an AT in every school system with athletics. Show Notes: The State of AT in Georgia with Rob Dix Host: Jeremy Jackson Guest: Rob Dix, President of the Georgia Athletic Trainers Association (GATA) Website Link: sportsmedicinepodcast.com/ATinGeorgia Episode Highlights Rob Dix discusses his passion for athletic training, his pivot from an NFL career path to collegiate and high school settings, and his dedication to leadership and mentorship within the profession. Key Takeaways for AT in Georgia: The Journey to AT: Rob’s interest began at 14, influenced by his high school coach and solidified by his first AT, Jenny, after an MCL sprain in 10th grade. A Career Pivot: After working with the Falcons, Rob chose a career path at Lagrange College (22 years) to better prioritize his family life. Leadership Philosophy: Rob leads with the motto, ‘We are better together,’ viewing his role as serving the needs of GATA members. Mentorship & Community: Rob is a dedicated preceptor and helped start a support group/think tank for brown and black ATs, which has grown to over 1,600 members. Practice Act Challenges: A major focus for GATA is navigating legislative challenges, including opposition to the Practice Act update and the exclusion of AT in Georgia from a dry needling bill. Georgia as a Leader: Georgia is ranked number one in the nation for heat illness policies and is a leader in secondary school AT hiring and compensation, making it an attractive state for practicing AT in Georgia. Connect with Rob Dicks: Email: rob.dicks.sr@gmail Instagram: Rob_dsr Facebook: Rob Dicks Group: The Brown and Black AT Think Tank (contact Rob for involvement) These people LOVE Athletic Trainers and help support the podcast: Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Being an AT in Florida offers many opportunities. Dr. Pradeep Vanguri joins Ben Stephenson and Jeremy Jackson to share what being an AT in Florida is like. Leadership in the Sunshine State: Dr. Pradeep Vanguri on the Future of Athletic Training in Florida Jeremy Jackson and Ben Stevenson welcome Dr. Pradeep Vanguri, President of the Athletic Trainers Association of Florida (ATAF), to the Sports Medicine broadcast podcast to discuss the professional landscape in Florida. Dr. Vanguri shares his personal journey and outlines the crucial initiatives shaping athletic training across the 67 counties of Florida. Dr. Vanguri’s interest in sports medicine began in high school in North Carolina, but his decision to become an athletic trainer was cemented in college at East Carolina University after realizing he preferred being on the sideline with teams over working in a clinic or hospital setting. He eventually moved to the state of Florida, where his focus on service led him to the ATAF. His leadership journey within the Athletic Trainers Association of Florida includes: Serving as the Education Committee Chair for approximately six years. Serving as Secretary for three years. Serving as Vice President and then President-Elect. Currently, he is in his third year of a three-year term as ATAF President, guiding the profession in Florida. The Athletic Trainer Landscape in Florida Dr. Vanguri emphasizes that the core strength of athletic training in Florida is its people—the dedicated clinicians and the close-knit professional community. The state offers numerous settings for athletic trainers, including industrial, college/university, secondary school, and professional teams like the Miami Dolphins, Panthers, and Inter Miami. The state also provides excellent opportunities for new and seasoned athletic trainers to continue their practice through collaboration, mentorship, and access to research from academic programs. A common issue is the lack of full-time coverage and a high rate of turnover for athletic trainers across the 67 counties. The ATAF’s goal is to recruit talent to Florida and work to ensure they stay by focusing on appropriate coverage, quality of life, and compensatory salary and benefits. Medical systems across major regions of Florida, including Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, Tampa, Jacksonville, and the Panhandle, are supporting these efforts. Dr. Vanguri detailed three major initiatives he is championing during his tenure as President in Florida: Loan Reimbursement Inclusion: Working to include athletic trainers in an existing state loan reimbursement program for rural assistance, which is centered within the Florida Department of Health, without asking for an increase in overall program funding. Third-Party Reimbursement: A critical effort to quantify the value of athletic trainers and establish them as licensed medical professionals who deserve a “seat at the table” in the broader medical community. The ATAF is focused on supporting entities with a strong medical system infrastructure in Florida that can handle the billing. CPR and AED Initiative: Working to help the general public understand the importance of layperson CPR and addressing the lack of interest in helping a victim due to the fear of legal retribution. Why Athletic Trainers Should Choose Florida Dr. Vanguri’s sales pitch for the state of Florida centers on its people. He urges athletic trainers to move to Florida for the opportunity to connect with individuals making a difference, as well as for the mentorship, research opportunities, and clinical growth provided by the state’s top-notch athletic trainers and supportive medical systems. While the sunshine and alligators are a perk, the central reason to come and stay in Florida is the robust professional community and the emphasis on work-life balance. The Athletic Trainers Association of Florida annual meeting is scheduled for July 10th to 12th in Orlando, Florida. To connect with Dr. Vanguri or the ATAF: Email: [email protected] Website and Social Media: ataf.org These people LOVE Athletic Trainers and help support the podcast: Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Dr. Robert Fullick joins Ben Stephenson and Amari Mercadel at the Sports Medicine Update to discuss shoulder evaluations in the athletic shoulder. Run down of extra tests, such as bear hug. You learn more as time goes on, good training and fine-tuning over the years. A bear hug assesses a specific part of the subscapular tendon. Other testing may be normal with an upper subscapular tendon injury.   How can I do all the tests? Do I skip some? We go from doing all the tests to gaining the confidence to know what the athlete is telling me to help figure out what tests to use. I would recommend doing all the tests until you gain enough knowledge to be able to skip around. You’re gonna get better as you go. I used to have doubts about the shoulder early in my career but look at me now. I see every MRI of every patient that I see, and I see every surgical evaluation that might need it. So I would say I’m pretty good at what I do. I’ve gotta be the best I can so that I’m not the guy saying that we’re gonna do physical therapy because I don’t know exactly what’s wrong, they’re gonna go see another guy.  Tell us more about your background, especially with the shoulder. My sports background put me in a unique situation where I was comfortable in the locker room. My mentor in Boston worked for pro teams and I got into being on pro sidelines and sitting with different people. Being a young resident covering high-level sports on my own. Foster relationships when I moved to Baltimore got my sports fellowship.  I don’t wanna be wrong, I hate being wrong. When you see someone do an eval, is there something that you are like “Oh, I wouldn’t do that”? I would say the biggest thing that I see missed is not disrobing the shoulder to see the skin, posterior shoulder, etc. Then you’re looking at the testing and trying to discern between a cuff strain versus labral. Thats not your fault. Based on the findings, timing, MOI, you can determine whether the patient needs imaging or do they just need physical therapy and some rehab. I would not be hard on yourself. Everyone is going to be in a different spot.  What are your recs for prehab? Complex scenario but I tell everyone the stronger the rotator cuff and the more motion going into surgery the better the recovery is going to be. Pre-op motion strongly indicates early post-op motion in my opinion. Reducing shoulder injuries; how do we know if the humeral head is fractured? It’s an impossibility; I might have the luxury to know what a fractured arm looks like, but you might not. If a bone looks crooked, if a shoulder is out of palace then you try to make it look normal. If you go to reduce and you feel movement of the patient feels pain or a clunk or the humeral head doesn’t feel 100% out, then maybe you might think a fracture. You’ll never be able to know in that split second. I still see in the ER that they miss posterior dislocations. If you don’t get an axillary view, you don’t get the full workup. You gotta find a way to get that view, if not, get a CT scan. If you miss a posterior dislocation on the field, that’s okay, you’re doing the best that you can do with what you have.  Relocations on the sideline: tips and tricks Milch maneuver? For the anterior, the external rotation and abduction should be able to relocate. I had a patient just walk his fingers up his head, didn’t even have to touch the patient to relocate the shoulder (patient had hsitory of numerous dislocations), just know the basics and principles. You can prevent labral damage by getting the head in quicker What about those with repeated dislocations? If you encounter those with dislocations with sneezing and sleeping, typically they need intervention and surgery for the labrum and bone loss. Patients have more motion post-surgery because trust is restored within the joint. Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Explore Matthew Hutton’s insights on bridging rehab & reconditioning, chronic vs. acute loads, strength, FMS, and preventing reinjury. Q: What inspired your journey to become an Athletic Trainer (AT) and specifically led you to work with soccer, particularly the Dynamo? A: My interest began in high school, where I excelled in science and math. After unsatisfying experiences shadowing a dentist and a physical therapist (who didn’t involve athletics), tearing my MCL introduced me to my high school AT, who became my inspiration. My path to soccer and the Dynamo was less direct, stemming from an Iowa soccer team connection that led to the Dynamo academy and eventually the main team. Q: What was the inspiration behind the topic “Bridging the Gap Between Rehab & Reconditioning”? A: The topic was inspired by a lifelong focus on performance and experience in various competitive athletic gym settings. It emphasizes the crucial collaboration among professionals for optimal return to play, especially evident at the professional soccer level, and highlights a passion for continuous learning in this field. Q: Can you explain chronic versus acute load ratios in athletic training? A: Chronic vs. acute load ratios involve monitoring an athlete’s training load over the past 3-5 weeks and comparing its average to the current training week. While there’s no single “gold standard,” a ratio of 1.4-1.6 is considered ideal, whereas anything above 2.0 suggests an increased risk of injury. Without GPS, metrics like mileage and manual counting of accelerations and decelerations are important. For example, high-speed running is typically above 5.5 m/s, and a sprint is above 7 m/s. Q: Between strength and power, which is more critical for injury prevention and performance? A: Research indicates that strength is more crucial for injury prevention, particularly focusing on strength and fascial length. While power is often overlooked, incorporating speed variables is essential. There’s a significant gap between heavy Nordic hamstring exercises and sprinting, underscoring the importance of bridging this divide. Q: Are you Functional Movement Screen (FMS) certified, and how has this influenced your approach? A: Yes, I am FMS certified, though I rarely use the actual testing. Instead, I heavily utilize the FMS framework and its progression principles. This framework proved highly beneficial, especially when working with large groups of 35-40 athletes at the JUCO level without dedicated strength staff. It allowed me to create reproducible corrective exercise PDFs for efficient widespread application. Q: How do you address the decrease in confidence experienced by athletes with recurrent injuries? A: While not an expert in this specific area, my approach involves understanding the athlete as an individual. I engage with them to comprehend their personal experiences and struggles, believing that this empathy is key to providing effective support and boosting their morale during challenging recovery periods. Q: What is the most significant complication you’ve observed with hamstring strains? A: The most significant complication with hamstring strains is the lack of a clear understanding of all the risk variables involved. For instance, an athlete might demonstrate exceptional hamstring strength on a NordBord, yet still experience recurrent injuries. This suggests that factors beyond isolated strength, such as the nervous system and fatigue, play a substantial role, making the absence of definitive risk factor evidence the primary challenge. Q: What is your foremost tip for preventing reinjury? A: My biggest tip for preventing reinjury is to employ a “smooth approach,” akin to art shading. This means gradually and consistently progressing exercises without sudden spikes in any variables. The key is to manipulate training variables appropriately and avoid abrupt changes to ensure a smooth and safe rehabilitation journey. Q: Where did the concept of “working backward” when creating a rehab plan originate for you? A: The concept of working backward in rehab planning originated from my experience with the Dynamo. Early on, I made the mistake of progressing athletes day by day based on their immediate feeling, which led to an expedited progression and a subsequent contralateral injury setback. This experience highlighted the importance of understanding the overall timeline and setting larger goals in advance to prevent moving too quickly through the rehabilitation process. Q: What is curvilinear running? A: Curvilinear running involves having athletes run along a uniform curve, like a half-circle, often marked by the edge of a box. This practice helps identify that the fastest linear sprinters may not necessarily be the fastest curvilinear sprinters, emphasizing the distinct biomechanical demands of curved running. Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Understand asthma in athletes, including environmental triggers, gender disparities, and symptom differentiation. Q: Is there a correlation between working in an area with chemical plants and developing asthma? A: Living near chemical plants, such as Pasadena High School, can lead to a higher incidence of asthma due to pollutants. These pollutants can damage tissues and cause respiratory issues, mimicking asthma symptoms. It’s not typically an age-related development but rather an environmental factor. Q: Why do boys seem to have a higher incidence of asthma and injuries in athletics compared to girls? A: It is possible that the higher incidence of asthma and injuries in boys is due to a greater number of boys participating in athletics. We often diagnose asthma in children who are going to be athletes, and this demographic tends to be more boys than girls. A true genetic cause for this difference is not currently known. Q: Is there a reason why Black individuals have a higher incidence of asthma? A: A 2008 study indicated that Black individuals have higher incidences of asthma, followed by White individuals, and then Hispanic individuals. The specific reason for this disparity is not fully understood at this point. Q: Among triggers like exercise, allergens, and pollution, does one impact asthma more significantly than others? A: The impact of asthma triggers varies by individual. All of these factors can trigger asthma. For example, some individuals with allergic asthma may experience more severe reactions in rural areas due to pollen, while others may be more affected by industrial air quality problems in urban settings. Allergen tests can help determine an individual’s specific triggers. Q: How often are upper respiratory infections (URIs) confused with asthma? A: URIs are likely to be confused with asthma, especially in younger patients who have not been tested for asthma. In emergency room settings, albuterol is often administered due to its low risk and typical effectiveness. If a patient improves with albuterol, it can lead to a presumption of asthma or bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Q: How would you encourage an athletic trainer (AT) if they are unsure whether an athlete truly has asthma or is just out of shape? A: It is challenging to differentiate between an athlete being out of shape and having asthma, as the symptoms can be very similar. Increased access to medical professionals for diagnosis is encouraged. Athletic trainers should promote education about asthma. It can be a difficult situation, particularly if a coach suggests a student is feigning asthma to avoid participation. Q: How much does an asthmatic baseline cost, and how beneficial is it for an athletic trainer? A: An asthmatic baseline device can be beneficial, especially for younger athletic populations, and can be purchased from retailers like Amazon. These devices can be reused if properly cleaned between athletes. Establishing a baseline helps athletic trainers objectively assess an athlete’s lung function, determining if intervention or rest is needed before play. Q: When establishing a baseline for an athlete, should it be tested daily, or only when the athlete feels slowed down? A: An asthmatic baseline should be established out of season, before the season starts when the athlete is having a normal day and not experiencing symptoms. It should be retested approximately once a year to account for changes in fitness levels and lung capacity as the athlete grows and develops. It is not necessary to test daily, only at the beginning of the season to gauge their baseline. Q: How does acid reflux mimic asthma symptoms? A: Acid reflux can mimic asthma, especially in younger individuals who may not be able to articulate their symptoms precisely. They might point to their chest, similar to how they would for cardiac issues, instead of explaining the burning sensation associated with acid reflux. This can lead to a misinterpretation of their discomfort as asthma. Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Discover Leslie Bennett’s insights on being an exceptional athletic training preceptor, her passion for the profession, and advice for aspiring ATCs. Q: What makes you an exceptional preceptor, and why do students consistently choose to learn from you? A: I’ve been practicing since 2009, having graduated from TXST and then joining MHH. I became a preceptor in 2016 when I joined UST, where I now serve as the Director of Sports Medicine and Senior Woman Administrator. This allows students to experience both the hospital and university aspects of my work. I aim to teach them how to advocate for the athletic training profession. Q: What is your favorite aspect of being a preceptor? A: My favorite part is the daily interaction with students. I enjoy watching them grow throughout their athletic training careers, from start to finish. It keeps me active and engaged, always moving and lifting equipment alongside them. Q: What inspired you to become an athletic trainer (AT)? A: My journey began in high school; I was a student seeking an activity before basketball season. I’ve always wanted to work in healthcare as a “giver at heart,” specifically with an active and motivated population. What truly drives me is the opportunity to inspire athletes to become their best selves. I also focus on imparting life lessons and common sense, helping them mature into adults. Q: Amanii, what made Leslie a good preceptor for you? A: Amanii stated that my personality made me a good preceptor. I am very welcoming and provide a safe space for students to be hands-on and make mistakes. I added that I aim to give students ample opportunities to practice and learn before they are on their own, without overwhelming them. Q: Amanii, is there anything Leslie could have done better to help you? A: Amanii reflected that she is quiet and reserved and needs more one-on-one discussions to talk through things. She also acknowledged that she needs to be more verbal and proactive in asking for help when she needs it. Q: What is the most valuable lesson you’ve learned as a preceptor from students? A: Teaching and conducting skills checks with students is the best thing I’ve learned as a preceptor. This process keeps me fresh, on my toes, and ensures I stay current with the latest practices and information in the field. Q: Jackson, what are the differences in expectations between your first and second-year students? A: As Jackson, I believes in a hands-on approach from the start, as students might not get such opportunities at other sites. First-year students receive more guided practice; for example, I’d bring them along for a concussion evaluation to observe and ask questions. By their second year, I expect them to lead first-year students and attempt any evaluation, acting as mentors. Q: What are your general expectations for first-year and second-year students? A: For first-year students, my main expectation is willingness to work. If you’re comfortable with ankle evaluations, I’ll provide those opportunities, and we’ll build from there. For second-year students, I expect them to mentor first-years and be ready to attempt any evaluation. I added three expectations: be ready for anything, be a sponge, and be flexible. I also stressed not to complain about menial tasks, as students are paying to be prepared. Q: How do you balance your professional and personal life as an athletic trainer? A: As a single AT, my life is simpler, though my lifestyle might be a reason I’m single. Initially, it was challenging to advocate for myself, but now I set strict boundaries with athletes and coaches. My Athletic Director is supportive and helps enforce these boundaries. Jackson emphasizes communication with all parties, especially his wife, using a shared calendar to manage busier seasons and ensure understanding. Q: What are the unique aspects of navigating the athletic training profession as a Black woman? A: As a female AT, I must be prepared to stand my ground against those who doubt my capabilities. It’s important to demonstrate competence in all aspects of the job. Being a Black female AT also means representing diversity and understanding the unique challenges some athletes face, allowing me to advocate for those who cannot. A downside is that my directness can sometimes be perceived as abrasive. It was tougher initially, and challenging moments still occur, but it’s crucial to document incidents as perception is key. Q: What advice would you give to aspiring athletic trainers starting their first year as ATCs? A: I advise networking extensively, as your current professional pool is small. Seek out mentors and build relationships with people at different levels and settings. Attend medical timeouts and district meetings to connect with others. Never assume you know everything; it’s okay to say, “I don’t know, but I will find out.” Contact Us Jeremy Jackson Benjamin Stephenson Layci Harrison Mark Knoblauch Ashlyne Elliott Leslie Bennett Sponsor List Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast. Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration, DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.

Care You Can Count On is the theme for National Athletic Training Month (NATM). AJ Duffy joins my UH MAT students to discuss the future of Athletic Training. This episode of the Sports Medicine Broadcast, hosted by Jeremy Jackson and joined by student medics Ben Stephenson, Caroline Hayes, and Katie Gibson, features NATA President AJ Duffy discussing the future of the Athletic Trainer profession and leadership. AJ Duffy‘s treasured memories from his Athletic Trainer career are not specific injury recoveries, but rather the lasting relationships built over 42 years with student-athletes, coaches, and colleagues. He stresses that these connections enhance the medical care provided, especially in embedded settings like military, performing arts, and athletic environments, where professionals may work with individuals for long periods. The Path to Leadership and NATA Membership Career Start: AJ Duffy‘s interest in becoming an Athletic Trainer began in high school and was cemented on a recruiting trip to the University of Michigan, where he was mentored by figures like Lindsey McLean, the “father of the certification exam”. First Leadership Role: His leadership journey started as a state liaison officer, where he initiated the creation of the first national directory of leaders in the profession due to the lack of an easy way to connect before the internet. He describes volunteerism and leadership in the NATA as a “vortex” that moves the profession forward. Value of NATA: Duffy explains that NATA membership is crucial for continuing education and, more importantly, professional advocacy. As an example of advocacy, he cited the NATA’s successful federal effort to prevent the suspension and eventually expand the Army’s holistic health program, which utilizes embedded Athletic Trainers. Additionally, the NATA establishes guidelines to enhance compensation and positions across all career sectors. Advice for Future Athletic Trainers International Career Pathways: For those seeking international opportunities, AJ Duffy noted that international athletic therapy is a growing field. Opportunities exist in places like Britain, Ireland, and Spain (which has two CAATE-approved programs). He advises new professionals to put in the “legwork” to find openings in various international sports and secondary schools. Focus and Communication: Duffy’s primary advice for young Athletic Trainers is to be a sponge, be unafraid, and put the phone down to stay focused on the conversation or the injured individual. He emphasized the critical nature of communication and having “conversations that matter,” noting two quotes: “Are you prepared to have a conversation that matters?” and “Buried feelings Never Die”. He encourages students to ask questions, but only at appropriate times, not during a critical moment like an injury evaluation. Contact Us AJ Duffy – [email protected] Jeremy Jackson – SportsMedicineBroadcast.com Benjamin Stephenson Carolin Hayes Katie Gibson These people LOVE Athletic Trainers and help support the podcast: Frio Hydration – Superior Hydration products. Xothrm – Best heating pad available – Use “SMB” or email [email protected] and mention the Sports Medicine Broadcast Donate and get some swag (like Patreon but for the school) HOIST – No matter your reason for dehydration DRINK HOIST MedBridge Education – Use “TheSMB” to save some money, be entered in a drawing for a second year free, and support the podcast. Marc Pro – Use “THESMB” to recover better. Athletic Dry Needling – Save up to $100 when registering through our link.