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LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!! References: Akhtar, M., Shenasa, M., Jazayeri, M., Caceres, J., & Tchou, P. J. (1988). Wide QRS complex tachycardia: Reappraisal of a common clinical problem. Annals of Internal Medicine, 109(11), 905–912. Baerman, J. M., Morady, F., DiCarlo, L. A., Jr., & de Buitleir, M. (1987). Differentiation of ventricular tachycardia from supraventricular tachycardia with aberration: Value of the clinical history. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 16(1), 40–43. Brugada, J., et al. (2020). 2019 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular tachycardia. European Heart Journal, 41(5), 655–720. Dancy, M., Camm, A. J., & Ward, D. (1985). Misdiagnosis of chronic recurrent ventricular tachycardia. The Lancet, 2(8450), 320–323. Ohlow, M. A., Beierlein, A., Müller, S., von Korn, H., Geller, J. C., Yu, J., & Lauer, B. (2005). Stabile Tachykardie mit breitem QRS-Komplex in der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin [Stable tachycardia with wide QRS complex in pre-hospital emergency medicine]. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 130(47), 2694–2698. Steinman, R. T., Herrera, C., Schuger, C. D., & Lehmann, M. H. (1989). Wide QRS tachycardia in the conscious adult: Ventricular tachycardia is the most frequent cause. JAMA, 261(7), 1013–1016. Stewart, R. B., Bardy, G. H., & Greene, H. L. (1986). Wide complex tachycardia: Misdiagnosis and outcome after emergent therapy. Annals of Internal Medicine, 104(6), 766–771. Tchou, P., Young, P., Mahmud, R., Denker, S., Jazayeri, M., & Akhtar, M. (1988). Useful clinical criteria for the diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia. American Journal of Medicine, 84(1), 53–56.

Listener discretion is advised. Reference: Leggatt L, Van Aarsen K, Columbus M, Dukelow A, Lewell M, Davis M, McLeod S. Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Prehospital "Lift-assist" Calls. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2017 Sep-Oct;21(5):556-562.

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!! References: Almallouhi, E., Al Kasab, S., Nahhas, M., Harvey, J. B., Caudill, J., Turner, N., & Holmstedt, C. A. (2020). Outcomes of interfacility helicopter transportation in acute stroke care. Neurology: Clinical Practice, 10(5), 422–427. Bartos, J. A., Clare Agdamag, A., Kalra, R., et al. (2023). Supraglottic airway devices are associated with asphyxial physiology after prolonged CPR in patients with refractory Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest presenting for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation, 186, 109769. Kashyap, R., Anderson, P. W., Vakil, A., Russi, C. S., & Cartin-Ceba, R. (2016). A retrospective comparison of helicopter transport versus ground transport in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 9. Stewart, K., Garwe, T., Oluborode, B., Sarwar, Z., & Albrecht, R. M. (2020). Association of Interfacility Helicopter versus Ground Ambulance Transport and in-Hospital Mortality among Trauma Patients. Prehospital Emergency Care, 25, 620–628. Wang, H. E., Jaureguibeitia, X., Aramendi, E., et al. (2022). Airway strategy and ventilation rates in the pragmatic airway resuscitation trial. Resuscitation, 176, 80–87.

Listener discretion is advised. Sincere thanks to the Buda FD and Austin-Travis StarFlight for the permission for their staff to come onto the podcast and discuss this case.

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!! References: Galvagno SM Jr, Haut ER, Zafar SN, et al. Association between helicopter vs ground emergency medical services and survival for adults with major trauma. JAMA. 2012;307(15):1602-1610. Jarvis JL, Jarvis SE, Kennel J. The association between out-of-hospital drug-assisted airway management approach and intubation first-pass success. Ann Emerg Med. 2025;86(5) Kashyap R, Anderson PW, Vakil A, Russi CS, Cartin-Ceba R. A retrospective comparison of helicopter transport versus ground transport in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. International Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2016;9:15. Orso, D., Flaibani, L., Sisto, U. G., Bonsano, M., Fonda, F., Pangallo, R., & Bove, T. (2025). Survival and cost-effectiveness of helicopter versus ground emergency medical services: A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression and trial sequential analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 33, Article 160. Sanchez, G., Gupta, S., & Johnson, M. E. (2024). Analysis of helicopter air ambulance accidents in the United States from 2010 to 2021. Air Medical Journal, 43(6), 499–507. Shekhar AC, Blumen IJ. Fatal air medical accidents in the United States (2000–2020). Prehosp Disaster Med. 2023;38(2):264-269. doi:10.1017/S1049023X23000274. Eighty-seven fatal accidents, 239 deaths; 72.4% of deaths on helicopters. NTSB probable-cause reviews.

Listener discretion is advised.

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!!

Listener discretion is advised!!!

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!! References: Paterson BF, Grammer LC, Greenberger PA. The management of coexisting asthma and cardiac disease. N Engl Reg Allergy Proc. 1987;8(5):309-315. Pauw EK, Stubblefield WB, Wrenn JO, Brown SK, Cosse MS, Curry ZS, Darcy TP, James TE, Koetter PE, Nicholson CE, Parisi FN, Shepherd LG, Soppet SL, Stocker MD, Walston BM, Self WH, Han JH, Ward MJ. Frequency of cardiotoxicity following intramuscular administration of epinephrine in emergency department patients with anaphylaxis. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2024;5(1) Putland M, Kerr D, Kelly AM. Adverse events associated with the use of intravenous epinephrine in emergency department patients presenting with severe asthma. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;47(6):559-563. Smith D, Riel J, Tilles I, Kino R, Lis J, Hoffman JR. Intravenous epinephrine in life-threatening asthma. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;41(5):706-711. Spigner MF, Gussick M, Shah MN. The Estimated Benefit of Lights and Sirens During Ambulance Transport. Prehosp Emerg Care.

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LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!!

Listener discretion is advised!

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!!