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In today's lecture, Dr. Bikman guides his audience through a comprehensive exploration of anti-diabetic drugs, shedding light on their mechanisms, implications, and the broader context of diabetes management. Kicking off the discussion, Dr. Bikman elucidated the prevalent glucose-centric paradigm in understanding diabetes, emphasizing its limitations, particularly in discerning the nuanced differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. He underscored the pivotal role of insulin deficiency in type 1 and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, setting the stage for a deeper dive into the intricacies of anti-diabetic medications. The lecture commenced with an in-depth analysis of metformin, a cornerstone in diabetes treatment known for its efficacy in improving insulin sensitivity. Despite its widespread use, Dr. Bikman elucidated the persistent ambiguity surrounding metformin's cellular mechanisms, particularly concerning its impact on mitochondrial function. While acknowledging its beneficial effects, such as reducing hepatic glucose production, Dr. Bikman also highlighted the drug's gastrointestinal side effects and its potential to blunt mitochondrial adaptations to exercise. Transitioning to insulin therapy, Dr. Bikman delineated its indispensable role in type 1 diabetes management but cautioned against its potential risks in type 2 diabetes, including weight gain and heightened cardiovascular, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease risks. He delved into the nuances of insulin secretagogues and thiazolidinediones, discussing their mechanisms and associated complications, such as increased cardiovascular risk and adverse effects on adipogenesis. Further, Dr. Bikman explored GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, elucidating their mechanisms of action and potential side effects, including an elevated risk of urinary tract infections with SGLT2 inhibitors and heightened ketogenesis. Before concluding, he briefly touched on amylin analogs, adding another dimension to the multifaceted landscape of anti-diabetic medications. Dr. Bikman's lecture provided a comprehensive understanding of anti-diabetic drugs, transcending the traditional glucose-centric perspective and highlighting the complexities inherent in diabetes management. By navigating through the intricate mechanisms and implications of these medications, he empowered his audience with invaluable insights to navigate the complexities of diabetes treatment effectively. #insulinresistance #metabolicsyndrome #metabolichealth #type2diabetes #type1diabetes #weightloss #intermittentfasting #intermittantfasting #fasting  Learn more at: https://www.insuliniq.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In today's episode of The Metabolic Classroom, Dr. Ben Bikman delves into the fascinating topic of GLP-1, a hormone of significant interest in metabolic research. Dr. Bikman sets the stage by expanding the discussion beyond GLP-1 to include other incretions, defining them as a class of hormones produced by the small intestine. These hormones play crucial roles in nutrient metabolism, satiety, and hunger regulation. The discovery of incretions stemmed from observations following gastric bypass surgeries, where elevated levels of these hormones were found in the bloodstream, leading to improvements in diabetes. Dr. Bikman highlights GLP-1's well-known effect on insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, which contribute to its ability to rapidly correct high glucose levels and improve diabetes. However, he notes the ongoing debate regarding GLP-1's direct insulin secretagogue effect in humans, contrasting findings from cell culture and animal models with recent human studies. Moving beyond GLP-1, Dr. Bikman discusses other incretions like GIP, PYY, and cholecystokinin, outlining their roles in glucose regulation, appetite control, and digestion. He explores the pharmacological applications of GLP-1 agonists in managing diabetes and obesity, detailing various drugs and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, he touches upon natural methods to enhance GLP-1 secretion, including dietary factors like protein, fat, and sugars. The session concludes with insights into the live Q&A session, emphasizing the dynamic interaction between science and audience participation in The Metabolic Classroom. Learn more at: https://www.insuliniq.com  Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Beginning with a discussion on the evolution of these medications, Dr. Bikman emphasizes their significance in combating obesity-related health issues. He proceeds to analyze the mechanisms of popular weight loss drugs, such as Orlistat, Phentermine, and the combination of Phentermine with Topiramate, elucidating how each functions to aid weight loss. While highlighting the benefits, Dr. Bikman doesn’t shy away from detailing the potential side effects, ensuring a comprehensive understanding for the audience. Moreover, he shares an intriguing scientific fact regarding lactate’s role in fat metabolism, adding depth to the discussion. Throughout, Dr. Bikman maintains a balance between scientific evidence and personal insight, fostering an engaging and informative session. In discussing liraglutide’s mechanism of action, Dr. Bikman reveals its role as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, mimicking the actions of the incretin GLP-1. He then previews next week’s class dedicated to incretins and their use in weight loss drugs, including medications like wegovy and ozempic. Liraglutide primarily promotes weight loss by reducing gastric emptying, leading to prolonged feelings of fullness and decreased appetite. Additionally, it inhibits glucagon, lowering blood glucose levels and subsequently increasing metabolic rate and fat burning. Dr. Bikman notes common side effects such as gastrointestinal discomfort and hints at potential risks of thyroid tumors associated with GLP-1 agonists. Ben transitions to discussing semaglutide, another GLP-1 receptor agonist, and its similar effects on weight loss and side effects, including the possibility of ileus. He also touches on metformin’s off-label use for weight loss, its mechanisms involving AMPK activation and ATP inhibition, and its potential interference with exercise-induced mitochondrial benefits. Learn more at: Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In today's Metabolic Classroom, the discussion centers on addressing insulin resistance, marking the final part of a series that viewers are encouraged to catch up on if they haven't already. Previous episodes have delved into the nature, origins, and implications of insulin resistance, highlighting its association with various diseases. Despite the somber tone of these revelations, the current discussion offers a ray of hope by focusing on solutions to this pervasive issue, emphasizing its solvability and preventability. Before delving into strategies for combating insulin resistance, Dr. Bikman takes a moment to outline methods for assessing one's own insulin resistance status, recognizing limitations in traditional approaches that solely focus on glucose levels. He stresses the importance of understanding insulin's broader role beyond glucose regulation, highlighting the significance of elevated insulin levels as an early indicator of resistance. The discussion moves to practical considerations, such as interpreting fasting insulin levels, with values below six suggesting insulin sensitivity, while higher readings may indicate varying degrees of resistance, requiring further evaluation. Learn more: https://www.insuliniq.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The focus of Dr. Bikman’s Metabolic Classroom today is to help us all better understand, “Why does insulin resistance matter?” This week's Metabolic Classroom with Dr. Bikman delves into insulin resistance and its impact on health. Insulin resistance, involving impaired insulin function and elevated blood insulin levels, is explored as a key factor in chronic diseases. Dr. Bikman focuses on its crucial role in connecting obesity and type two diabetes, examining its effects on muscle tissue, the liver, and pancreatic alpha cells. The delayed diagnosis of type two diabetes, due to a focus on glucose levels, is highlighted, with Dr. Bikman discussing the ongoing debate about which tissues become insulin resistant first. The complexities of insulin resistance in fat cells, muscles, the liver, and alpha cells of the pancreas are underscored. Insulin resistance's effects on glucose clearance in muscle tissue and disruptions in the liver's glycogen storage and glucose regulation are explained. The discussion expands to its impact on pancreatic alpha cells, contributing to elevated blood glucose levels. Dr. Bikman explores the connection between insulin resistance and various health issues, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, Alzheimer's, hypertension, and infertility. In examining these health conditions, Dr. Bikman challenges conventional views and emphasizes the role of insulin resistance. For instance, Alzheimer's is linked to metabolic factors, while hypertension is connected to insulin-driven mechanisms. The discussion also covers the influence of insulin resistance on infertility, affecting both erectile dysfunction and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Dr. Bikman concludes by summarizing how insulin resistance influences these health conditions and highlights lifestyle modifications as a positive intervention. The upcoming discussion on clinically measuring insulin resistance and actionable steps is teased, urging viewers to share this knowledge for broader awareness. Learn more at: Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The focus of the classroom today is to help you better understand the origins of insulin resistance. Learn more at: Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The title for today is focusing on Insulin Resistance in the Metabolic Syndrome, and I could describe that another way, which is just kind of understanding metabolic health and that’s at the heart of what I wanted to focus on for the time that we have during the lesson itself. Alright, so first of all, metabolic health. We’ve all heard the term metabolism a lot. It is a buzzword, it is a word that we hear perhaps too often and even to the point that it’s often misused.  Metabolism, just to be very precise, is the balance of all of the chemical reactions that are happening in the body. There are biochemical reactions in every cell that are trying to build up molecules. Those are called anabolic reactions or anabolism, and there are chemical biochemical processes that are degrading molecules, breaking them down. That is catabolism and metabolism is the fusion or the balance of all of those things. The sum of all of those reactions. Now with metabolic health, we’re starting to get more specific to the topic. Learn more at: Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Many people today are wary of discussions about leaky gut because there are so many questionable cures being sold without scientific evidence to support them. Let's talk about exactly what leaky gut is and how it's affected by what we eat. Here are the resources that Ben references during the episode: Source #1 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18000291/ Source #2 - https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hep.30652 Source #3 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412740/ Source #4 - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6553/eabe6729 Source #5 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27171436/ Learn more at Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

One of the most persistent oppositions to a low carb diet is the idea that it can damage the kidneys. Let's dive into what the data really shows. Here is the resource that Ben references during the episode: Source #1 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30383278/ Source #2 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27346534/ Learn more at Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Many people claim that eating low-carb can actually make you insulin resistant. How can this be? The answer lies in the key difference between two types of insulin resistance; pathological versus physiological. Let's discuss what's really happening. Here is the resource that Ben references during the episode: Source #1 - https://academic.oup.com/jes/article/5/5/bvab049/6199842?login=true Learn more at Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

It’s estimated that up to 12% of women in the US are affected by fertility problems directly caused by insulin resistance. Join Dr. Ben Bikman, the Insulin IQ team, and special guest Dr. Steven Cowles, OBGYN, for a conversation on how insulin control is giving women hope to have the family they want. Here is the resource that Ben references during the episode: Source #1 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26225266/ Learn more at Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Here are the resources that Ben references during the episode: Study #1 - https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/2/364.short Learn more at Insulin IQ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.